1. Document Citation Micheline Besner Fall, 2013 http://www.queensu.ca/academicintegrity/students/essy/citations.html

2. Intellectual Property Rights Individuals and organizations that produce the resources you encounter in your research have legal rights to their material The laws concerning intellectual property include the following areas: 1)Patent law: governs inventions and novel manufacturing processes 2)Trademark law: Pertains to things like company names and product names, slogans, and symbols 3)Copyright law: Deals with written works, images, performances, and computer software Our concerns fall mainly into the copyright law category

3. Why Document Your Sources? Documentation is efficient It provides a network for organizing and locating recorded knowledge If you cite your sources properly, you provide your readers with the information necessary for locating the research materials that you used in your report themselves Documentation provides authority By making any claim you invite a challenge from your reader, “says who?” Especially with controversial topics, citing authorities as sources will lend validity to your statements

4. What Should You Document Any source from which you use exact wording Any source from which you adapt material into your own words Any source from which you took a visual illustration: chart, graph, drawing, etc. * All of these sources need to be documented whether they appear in print, online, or in any other electronic form

5. How Should You Document? Borrowed material has to be cited twice 1.First at the point in the text where you quote directly, or paraphrase from the text 2.Second at the end of your document in a list with all the sources used for your report (References page)

6. The Three Most Common Citation Styles MLA – Modern Language Association APA – American Psychological Association IEEE – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

7. IEEE Citation Style At Algonquin, and most likely in your future academic and professional career, you will be using IEEE citation style “IEEE is the world’s largest technical professional society for professionals involved in all aspects of the electrical, electronic, computing, science, and technology fields

8. IEEE References Page Guide In IEEE style the references in your bibliography should be numbered, and should appear in the order that they appeared in the body of your report IEEE citation style has 3 main features: 1)The author name appears with the first name (or initial) first, and the last name last 2)The title of an article (or chapter, conference paper, etc.) is in quotation marks 3)The title of a journal, book or website is in italics

9. In-Text Citation When referring to a source, or quoting directly from a source, in the body of your report, you must show the reader where to find the source in your bibliography Do this by adding a corresponding number [in brackets] to the number under which the source is listed at the back of your report If you are quoting a source directly, include in the square brackets the page(s) you are quoting from Examples: 1)The theory was first put forward in 1987 [1]. 2)Sholtz has argued that “blah blah” [2:13]. 3)Several recent studies [1], [3], [4], [15], [16] have suggested that…

10. In-Text Quotations When quoting word-for-word from another text or document, put the quoted section in quotation marks Indicate any changes you have made to the text with square brackets Any clarification of the original quote is also enclosed in square brackets More than 4 lines of quoted text should be indented and separated from the body of your paragraph with an extra space With direct quotations, the exact page numbers used are required in your “in-text” citations. In the square brackets you should include the source number, a colon, and then the page number(s) that the quote is from [source number:page number(s)]

11. Example of Square Bracket Additions and Clarifications Section of original text: The issue lies with John and his team. John refused to consider the results of the initial experiment, and, therefore, ignored the potential of the technology when applied to this problem. At the time of discovery… Original text quoted in body of someone’s report with slight variations to provide the reader with context: This issue with John and his team occurred because “[they] refused to consider the results of the initial experiment, and, therefore, ignored the potential of the technology when applied to this problem [at the time of discovery]” [1: 54].

12. Example of Quotation Longer Than 4 Lines Shultz states that, “blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaa. Blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaa. Blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa. Bl aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.” [1:12-13] This quote demonstrates that…

13. Examples of Source Types and How to Cite Them on a References Page

14. PRINT REFERENCES [4]

15. Books Basic Format: [1] Author(s). “Title of Chapter in Book,” in Book title, edition. Editor(s) name, Ed. City of publishing company: Publishing company, year, chapter, section, pp. Examples: [1] W.K. Chen. Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123-35. [2] J.E. Bourne. “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3. J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp.15-67. Use “et al.” when three or more names are given. Example: W.K. Chen, J.E. Bourne, Lydia Smith, et al.

16. Article in a Journal Basic Format: [1] Author(s). “Article title.” Journal title, vol., pp, date. Example: [1] G. Pevere. “Infrared Nation.” The International Journal of Infrared Design, vol. 33, pp. 56-99, Jan. 1979. Always abbreviate month names (Sept., Jan.) in IEEE Style citations

17. Handbooks Basic Format: [1] Name of Manual/Handbook, edition., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev. State/ Province, year, pp. Example: [1] Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44–60.

18. ELECTRONIC REFERENCES [6]

19. Electronic Books Basic Format: [1] Author. (year, month day). Book title. (edition). [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file [date accessed]. Example: [1] S. Calmer. (1999, June 1). Engineering and Art. (2nd edition). [Online]. Available: www.enggart.com/examples students.html [May 21, 2003].

20. Electronic Journals Basic Format: [1] Author. (year, month). “Article title.” Journal title. [Type of medium]. Vol. (issue), pages. Available: site/path/file [date accessed]. Example: [1] A. Paul. (1987, Oct.). “Electrical properties of flying machines.” Flying Machines. [Online]. 38(1), pp. 778-998. Available: www.flyingmachjourn/properties/fly.edu [Dec. 1, 2003].

21. World Wide Web Basic Format: [1] Author(s). “Title of document.” Web Page. Internet: complete URL, date updated [date accessed]. Example: [1] M. Duncan. “Engineering Concepts on Ice.” Engineering Engines. Internet: www.iceengg.edu/staff.html, Oct. 25, 2000 [Nov. 29, 2003].

22. STYLES FOR LESS COMMON RESOURCES [7]

23. Interview Basic Format: [1] Interview [or Personal Communication] with Name of Interviewee, Position, Organization, Date. Example: [1] Interview [or Personal Communication] with Prof. Elmer Hixon, BCE Department, The University of Texas at Austin, March 12, 1995.

24. Email Basic Format: [1] Author. Subject line of posting. Personal E-mail (date). Example: [1] J. Aston. “RE: new location, okay?” Personal e-mail (Jul. 3, 2003).

25. Telephone Conversation Basic Format: [1] Speaker’s name. Position, Organization. Telephone Conversation. City, Provence. Date, Year. Example: [1] John Smith. Chief Executive Officer, Alberta Research Council. Telephone conversation. Calgary, AB. October 15, 2009.

26. Newspaper Basic Format: [1] Author(s). “Article title.” Newspaper (month, year), section, pages. Example: [1] B. Bart. “Going Faster.” Globe and Mail (Oct. 14, 2002), sec. A p.1.

27. Lecture Basic Format: [1] Lecturer(s). Course number. Class Lecture, Topic: “Lecture title.” Room, Location, date. Example: [1] S. Maw. Eng 251. Class Lecture, Topic: “Speed skating.” ICT 224, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Oct. 31, 2003.

28. References [1] Technical Communication. 5 th ed. Don Klepp and John M. Lannon Eds. Toronto: Pearson Canada, 2012. [2] Technical Communication: A Reader-Centered Approach. 1 st ed. Paul Anderson and Kerry Surman Eds. Toronto: Thomson Nelson, 2003. [3] “IEEE Citaten Style Guide.” Internet: http://www.ijssst.info/info/IEEE- Citation-StyleGuide.pdf, [Sept. 18, 2012]. [4] Suehor Wood Pub Ltd. Internet: http://www.suehorwoodpubltd.com/ category/books/, [Spet. 18, 2012]. [5] D. Graffox. “IEEE Citaten Reference.” Internet: http://www.ieee.org/ documents/ieeecitationref.pdf, Sept. 2009 [Sept. 18, 2012]. [6] Webcase Online Evidence Tool. Internet: http://veresoftware.com/index.php? page=references, [Sept. 18, 2012]. [7] ParkPress. Internet: http://www.parkpressprinters.com/newspaperprinting.asp, [Sept. 18 2012].