1. Enhancing Maritime Safety and Security Through Multi-National Information Sharing Collaborative Maritime Domain Awareness Maritime Domain Awareness is the effective understanding of anything associated with the global maritime domain that could impact the security, safety, economy, or environment of the United States and our partners. - National Strategy for Maritime Security CDR D. G. Wirth COMUSNAVSO david.wirth@navy.mil

2. Maritime Challenges Safety (SOLAS) Sovereignty Smuggling Fisheries violations Oil theft Illegal immigration Drug trafficking Human trafficking Environmental degradation Piracy Terrorism Criminal activity

3. US Efforts In Maritime Domain Awareness US Capabilities currently coming on line Multi-source COP w/ fused data from hundreds of sources –Anomaly Detection linked to potential threat by tracking of vessels, people, cargo, and intent Law Enforcement Data Mining –Users can access over 80 million records from 400+ LE agencies –Link analysis tools “connect the dots” of disparate LE data & records systems –Capitalizes on LE Social Network Exploitation in Support of MDA Automated and user driven analytics for accessing global cargo data –Port transactions, manifests, Bills of Lading Regardless of resources, every country’s individual efforts fall short without international partnerships

4. Why Partner? Commercial ships are floating multinational enterprises; highlighting both the global nature of commerce and the challenge of accessing and processing information.

5. Global Maritime Domain Awareness Global approach. Regional teamwork. Interagency –Not just navies and traditional partners Be Transparent - Share information widely Step 1: get the data – no one has it all – requires multinational sharing Step 2: employ existing and emerging technologies to share information and analyze collaboratively with partners Global problems require a global approach

6. Regional Security Partnerships Benefits Collective operational situational awareness Enhance national sovereignty Economic / Environmental resource protection Enhanced SAR response / Alert capability Increased security of commercial shipping Training and planning forum

7. Regional Collaboration – Straits of Malacca Regional Collaboration – Mediterranean ISC - Singapore Piracy Hotspots Italian Navy HQ Security Concern Areas Straits of Malacca Existing Models V-MRTC Virtual Regional Maritime Traffic Center - Europe Maritime traffic security venue 23 Navy Members Established Info Sharing hub at Italian Flt HQ (Operational Sep 2006) Virtual internet info-share network for unclassified merchant data. AIS and port captain data Expanded integration viewed with other countries: Singapore, Brazil ReCAAP Regional Cooperation Agreement Combating Piracy Anti-piracy venue 16 Asian countries Established Info Sharing Center (ISC) in Singapore (Nov 2006) 24x7 Secure Web-based system to assist PN’s with alerts, collaboration and investigations

8. Second Western Hemisphere MDA Conference Western Hemisphere Regional MDA Technical Working Group met in December 2008 in Valparaiso, Chile Broadly defined requirements for a Virtual Regional Maritime Traffic Center for the Americas (VRMTC – A) –MDA Data Sharing – AIS to start –Common Operating Picture – Geospatial View –Collaborative Information Environment Enables collaborative analysis and real time information sharing –Agent based anomaly detection –Event monitoring and alerting Argentina Brazil Canada Chile Mexico Panama United States

9. Common Information Google Earth Commercial Imagery NOAA Buoy Data Bathymetry Solar/Lunar Luminosity EEZ Commercial Shipping Radar Acquisition & AIS Territorial Waters Navigational Charts Weather Feeds Ship Schedules More…… Participating Nation Information Tactical Asset Reports Shore Based - AIS Ground Based Radars Vessel Monitoring System Non-Classified Environment Regional Maritime Information Sharing

10. Regional Maritime Traffic Center for the Americas Regional Maritime Traffic Center Physical location w/ multi- national inter-agency staff Networked with Partner Nation Maritime and Naval Operations Centers Collaborative Maritime Domain Awareness (Proposed)

11. Enabling Technologies MSSIS – AIS Data Sharing IBM SameTime – Collaborative Information Environment –Real time persistent meeting spaces WebSphere Translation Servers –Live translation of documents and chat sessions Google Earth – Geo Track Display Agent Logic – Event monitoring Brite AIS Tools – Anomaly Detection Web Portal –Connects all VRMTC-A Modules –Document sharing and storage Virtual Regional Maritime Traffic Center – Americas leverages Navy’s Non-Classified Enclave to enable partner nation naval operations centers to collaborate in a virtual watchfloor environment Enhancing Maritime Safety and Security Through Multi-National Information Sharing

12. The Deal US Department of Transportation will give unlimited access to the world wide AIS data from MSSIS to any country who participates by feeding data into the system. –“Give a little, get it all.” US will provide client software (TV32) free of charge –Passes AIS data from attached sensor to MSSIS –Provides graphic display of all tracks in MSSIS worldwide US Dept of Transportation will assist in setup & configuration –Existing networked systems can be easily integrated for two way data sharing United States Southern Command and Fourth Fleet will provide access to VRMTC – A to all Western Hemisphere nations who participate in MSSIS Participation in MSSIS = Membership in VRMTC – A

13. The Caribbean Dominican Republic Jamaica  El Salvador  Guantanamo Bay, Cuba  Guyana  Costa Rica  Honduras  Curacao and Aruba  Barbados  St Lucia Will provide as a permanent no-cost lease as part of a broader AIS Data Sharing agreement US Fourth Fleet has 30 MSSIS kits (Receiver, antenna, laptop) to loan to participating nations who need equipment Country is responsible for power and Internet  St Kitts and Nevis  Dominica  Antigua and Barbuda  Grenada  St Vincent and Grenadines

14. The Americas Brazil Canada Chile United States Peru  Argentina  Colombia  Ecuador  Mexico  Panama  Uruguay Many already have mature, networked systems –Two way sharing with MSSIS technically simple Countries can coordinate directly with US Dept of Transportation –US Fourth Fleet will facilitate Formal engagement via ONC and Western Hemisphere MDA Conferences Integration of existing national systems could enable the sharing of an enormous amount of data

15. Needs 1.Partners – first and foremost we need international partners to actively collaborate on MDA 2.Leaders – need regional leadership to increase participation and collaboration 3.Regional Maritime Traffic Center host A partner nation to host a multi-national inter-agency organization to coordinate collaborative MDA efforts with national Maritime and Naval Operations Centers 4.More Sensors 5.Other data sources. AIS does not equal MDA (but it’s a start). LRIT, radar, video, photos Cargo, passengers Lloyd’s 6.New analysis capabilities Anomaly detection and alerting Pattern recognition Others

16. Discussion

17. Maritime Safety and Security Information System Developed by The US Department Of Transportation –Fully operational in Europe since March 2006 International system collects and displays AIS data from multiple mobile and stationary platforms for real-time MSA to multiple users through a web-based password-protected system –Essentially a gigantic global AIS receiver that streams pure AIS to clients Internet-based sharing of AIS data The First Step in Maritime Domain Awareness Builds trust Data is open source and freely shared Data is NOT fused, analyzed or stored – a pure AIS data stream Provides coastal and island nations throughout the region the opportunity to partner to enhance maritime safety and security

18. Who is Participating? 56 International participants as of May 2009 Albania Australia Bahrain Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Chile Croatia Denmark Dominican Rep. Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Iceland India Iraq Ireland Italy Jamaica Jordan Liberia Lithuania Malta Mauritania Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Netherlands New Zealand Nigeria Norway Peru Poland Portugal Romania Sao Tome & Principe Senegal Serbia Singapore Slovenia Spain Togo Tunisia Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom United States Yemen “The value of a network is proportional to the square of the number of (people using it)” Robert Metcalf, inventor of Ethernet

19. Collaborative Information Environment IBM SameTime Collaborative Suite –Real time collaborative environment to enable operators and analysts to share information Permanent Meeting Rooms Persistent Chat User defined alerts to key words WebSphere Translation Server –Integrated with SameTime –Bidirectional translation to and from English for Spanish Brazilian Portuguese French Italian German Japanese Chinese (simplified & traditional) Korean The Virtual Watch Floor

20. Event Monitoring Agent Logic Monitors data feeds and provides alerts based on user defined rules Potential Sources: –High Interest Vessel Tracks –AIS –Cargo Data –Government, agency, international information –News Feeds Rule – based alerting –Email –Instant Messenger –Chat room alerts Early detection, identification, and monitoring of threats to international maritime navigation, commerce, safety, and security.

21. Anomaly Detection BRITE Software Agents AIS Lloyds Validation –Validates the reported AIS contact against the Lloyds MIU reference database for validity of the reported data (e.g. IMO) AIS Consistency Validation –Checks for multiple AIS contacts reporting duplicate data e.g. two contacts with the same name or IMO number AIS Area of Interest –Checks for AIS contacts reporting themselves entering/in a defined area AIS Geographical Proximity –Checks for AIS contacts reporting themselves close to a defined point AIS ETA Discrepancy –Calculates whether the contact, following a straight line, can get from the current location to the reported destination by the reported ETA AIS Routing –Calculates a ship’s anticipated route based on destination and previous routes taken BRITE detects anomalies in AIS data and alerts watch stander based on pre-determined criteria

22. Geospatial View Google Earth

23. Automatic Identification System (AIS) Geographic Position (Latitude & Longitude) Course Over Ground (COG) Speed Over Ground (SOG) Rate of Turn (ROT) Draft Gross Tonnage Enables automatic exchange of information between one vessel and another and between a vessel and a shore station(s). Commercial shipboard broadcast transponder operating in the VHF band A standard system receives Global Navigation Sensor System (GNSS)(L1 Band) information; and automatically sends and receives vessel information, including: Vessel Name IMO Number Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number Vessel Call Sign Vessel Type Required for commercial ships 300 tons or greater

24. Commercial US/NATO AIRCRAFT US & NATO WARHIPS All Willing Nations SSL/Password Secure Internet CNE CC MAR VOLPE Spain Nat’l Albania Nat’l Greece, Nat’l Turkey, Nat’l Belgium, Nat’l Denmark, Nat’l US NAIS Poland, Nat’l Pantelleria, IT La Spezia, IT Romania Gibraltar, UK AIS VHF Antenna AIS Transceiver C2F MSSIS Architecture

25. The Power of 1 AIS Sensor

26. The Power of a Network Maritime Security and Safety Information System (MSSIS) Everyone Can Contribute

27. MSSIS Benefits Theater Security Cooperation Information sharing on a global scale Provides a Common Operational Picture (COP) with regional partners Low cost: Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) equipment Technically simple Insurance and Commercial benefits Levels the playing field Everyone can participate, everyone can benefit!

28. Transview TV32 US Department of Transportation developed software MSSIS Client –Gathers local AIS data and/or displays the MSSIS MDA picture –Vessel Traffic management –Oil Spill modeling display –Accident Investigation –Buoy Positioning –Network monitoring –Analysis tool.

29. MSSIS – Minimum Equipment What You Need AIS Receivers –Identifies and locates vessels broadcasting AIS signal DATA sharing –Commercially secure AIS network with among partner nations UHF/VHF Radios (optional) –Aids in the identification process Internet How Much it Costs AIS Network Equipment list ~ $3,500 –AIS antenna, display and transponder Computer ~$700 –This investment gets you connected ADSL internet – local rates VOLPE AIS program (TV32) – FREE COMUSNAVSO updates – FREE UHF/VHF Radios < $5,000 (optional) –Radio –Radio Tower $4,200 AIS Transceiver VHF Antenna TV32

30. Transview TV32 Swiss Army Knife of network connectivity –TCP & UDP, client & server connections –Serial connections –NEMA, AIS, OTH-Gold, XML Lookup/ Link with external databases Advance data logging and playback –Multi day playback of specific ship/ receive stations –Snap shot files Vessel search Guard zones – Dynamic, static, user defined ETA, Closest point of approach, dead reckoning Chart and aerial photo overlay

31. MSSIS network Transview 32 in a Network TV32 as a local MSSIS server Enables multiple workstations within a command center Limits bandwidth requirements

32. TV 32 - Oil Spill Model Display

33. TV32 Charting Features