1. By Cara Schildmeyer, Rachael Botsford, and Austen Sekerak Paper Airplane Project

2. Company Motto “If you can think it, we can build it.”

3. Understand  To understand the project, we read this handout: https://www.schoology.com/docviewer/645263997/271 630c1c698ce6af6c536dd6d5b0c7a https://www.schoology.com/docviewer/645263997/271 630c1c698ce6af6c536dd6d5b0c7a

4. Explore  Then, we began researching paper plane designs on the internet and on Youtube to form a basis of knowledge  One of the sites we used: http://www.instructables.com/id/Ultimate-Paper- Airplanes/ http://www.instructables.com/id/Ultimate-Paper- Airplanes/  Another site: http://www.foldnfly.com/#/1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-2http://www.foldnfly.com/#/1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-2

5. Define  In our research online for different paper airplane designs (and based on this paper airplane document: https://app.schoology.com/docviewer/645263997/271630c1c698ce6af6c 536dd6d5b0c7a) we formulated iseas for what the time and distance plane designs should look like https://app.schoology.com/docviewer/645263997/271630c1c698ce6af6c 536dd6d5b0c7a  The planes designed for time had wider wings and were broader or square-shaped to provide plenty of thrust  The planes designed for distance were long and thin, with narrow wings and a pointed nose to allow for plenty of thrust, and little drag or lift

6. Define: Pictures Distance AirplaneTime Airplane

7. Ideate  We began to create rough models out of paper using the videos and websites from our research  There were plenty of models of each of the time and distance planes, which we narrowed down to only a few designs in the next step Three of our time paper airplane prototypes are shown above

8. Ideate: Images  A combination of time and distance paper airplane prototypes shown to the right

9. Prototype  As we approached the final prototype, we tested all of our prototypes and narrowed it down to three distance plane designs that we compared ● All were similar: They had narrow, pointed noses and were long and slender to allow for greater “thrust” (forward motion) with a dart-like effect  We tested these planes and chose the one that flew the farthest as the final prototype  Less focus on the time prototype ● We tested the time planes and chose about four planes to test for our final prototype ● They had larger wings and were more square-like to allow for plenty of thrust  We tested all of our planes and chose the designs that stayed in the air the longest and traveled the farthest

10. Prototype: Images  Final time paper airplane prototype shown to the left  Final distance paper airplane prototype shown to the right

11. Refine  Kept our large-scale designs almost identical  Only change: Adding three loops of masking tape in the half crease of both large-scale planes ● This compensated for the larger surface area and weight of the plane, which caused it to separate at its midline  We didn’t test our planes until the actual trial ● In the small-scale trials and other prototypes, the planes had crashed and the noses were destroyed, causing the planes to fail Prototype compared to final models

12. Solution  Shown to the left is the full-scale model of the cardboard plane, the full-scale model of the floppy plane, and the paper prototype of the plane  These are the final models

13. Instructions for Building the Large- Scale Model 1. Fold in half hot-dog style (vertical) to have a midpoint. 2. Fold the top 2 corners down so they line up on the the first center fold. This will form the nose of the plane.. 3. Fold the plane in half vertically again (on the original line) so that the flaps from step 3 are on the inside of the fold. 4. Now, fold each half of the flap down to the outside diagonally. 5. Repeat step 4 for each side of the plane. 6. Finally, perk up the flaps to fully expose the wings of the plane. Large-scale distance airplane on the bottom

14. Data Tables Upscale Floppy Plane Data Trial 1Trial 2Trial 3Average 4.0 m7.1 m6.0 m5.7 m Trial 1Trial 2Trial 3Average 13.6 m15.7 m15.6 m m14.97 m Upscale Cardboard Plane Data

15. Video Video of the large-scale cardboard plane Video of the small prototype plane