1. Chapter 5 Grammar Part One: Present Tense Verbs

2. What makes up a verb? –Tense: the tense of the verb tells us when something happens –Person: the person of the verb tells us who is doing the action –Number: the number of the verb tells us how many are doing the action There are three things that make up a verb:

3. What is the Present Tense? The Present Tense happens now. Horatia in casam festinat. Horatia is hurrying into the house. It is at this moment in time that Horatia is hurrying. It has not already happened, nor is it about to happen... that is the present tense.

4. Person and Number There are six persons for each Latin verb (three singular and three plural) SingularPlural IWe YouYou All He, SheThey

5. Endings of the Present Tense In order to tell which person is the subject of your verb, Latin will change the ending of the verb There are six personal endings that correspond with the six possible subjects: SingularPlural I- oWe- mus You- sYou All- tis He, She- tThey- nt

6. First Conjugation This conjugation has stems ending in ‘–a’ and follow this example: SingularPlural par – opara - mus para - spara - tis para - tpara - nt

7. Second Conjugation This conjugation has stems ending in ‘-e’ and follows this example: SingularPlural mone - omone - mus mone - smone - tis mone - tmone - nt

8. Third Conjugation This conjugation has stems ending in a consonant and follow this example: SingularPlural reg - oreg - imus reg - isreg - it reg - unt

9. Fourth Conjugation This conjugation has stems that end in ‘-i’ and follow this example: SingularPlural audi - oaudi - mus audi - saudi - tis audi - taudi - unt

10. Irregular Verb ‘sum’ There are eight irregular verbs in Latin - they must be memorized! SingularPlural sumsu - mus e - ses - tis es - tsu - nt

11. Summary Learn the six personal endings - you will continue to see them throughout your Latin career Remember how to translate a present tense verb Learn your example verbs! Learn the irregular verb sum!