1. LED LAMP REPLACEMENT. Maintenance or Renewals? James Wickham Assets & Contracts Manager

2. BACKGROUND There are approximately 58,000 LED lamp inserts (aspects) in the Auckland network

3. Life expectancy of an LED lamp? Application Life (L AL ) – Life of system is based on a chosen number of operating hours equal to or greater than the pay back period of the lamp.

4. Life expectancy of an LED lamp? L 70 - life of system is based on the lamp retaining 70% of original lumen output.

5. Current Industry practice 35% have no replacement program 35% are complaint driven (despite the fact that LED modules typically reach end of life due to dimming rather than complete failure) 24% implement routine, scheduled replacement 3% replace on vendor product life cycle 3% replace based on in-service test results

6. Options Remove modules from service and test light output in a laboratory

7. Options Remove modules from service and test light output in a laboratory Field measurements (might provide good results, if they could be done properly)

8. Options Remove modules from service and test light output in a laboratory Field measurements might provide good results, if they could be done properly Statistical analysis based on time since installation

9. Measurement standards IESNA LM-79-08: IESNA Approved Method for the Electrical and Photometric Measurements of Solid-State Lighting IESNA LM-80-08: IESNA Approved Method for Measuring Lumen Maintenance of LED Lighting Sources IESNA TM-21-11: Projecting Long Term Lumen Maintenance of LED Light Sources

11. Options Remove modules from service and test light output in a laboratory Field measurements might provide good results, if they could be done properly Statistical analysis based on time since installation Replace based on the warranty period

12. Cost of replacement At current replacement rates the value of LED lamps in the Auckland network is approximately $15,500,000 A planned maintenance programme to replace Auckland’s LED lamps at an L AL of 7 years will cost approximately $2,200,000 p.a.

13. Statistical analysis based on time since installation Based on scats data providing the cumulative time per phase:- Yellow lamps at 4 seconds per phase and running approximately 700 phases per day runs a total of 284 hours per year, an L 70 life of 220 years. Well maintained yellow lamps may only require replacement upon failure.

14. Pedestrian lamps Green pedestrian lamps running at 6 seconds per phase will have a L 70 life of 176 years

15. Pedestrian lamps Red pedestrian lamps running an average of 16 seconds per phase will have a L 70 life of 55 years

16. Pedestrian lamps Well maintained pedestrian lamps may only require replacement upon failure.

17. Mid-block crossings Auckland Transport have 167 signalised mid block crossings that run the vehicle phase at least 75% of the time. this gives a L 70 for these red lamps of at least 32 years. Well maintained red vehicle lamps at mid block crossings may only require replacement upon failure.

18. Renewals – sweating the assets What additional factors affect life expectancy? Lantern body construction Polycarbon Aluminium lamp survival factor (LSF). Accident and vandalism. manufacturing faults. voltage regulation. environmental damage water, temperature, vibration, UV exposure etc

19. L 70 vs lantern life? Based on a 61% or lower average red time (from scats data), L 70 for an red LED lamp is 15 years. This is at EOL for a polycarbonate lantern. Well maintained red lamps in polycarbonate lanterns may only require replacement upon failure. Well maintained red lamps in aluminium lanterns may only require replacement at 12 to 15 years (half lantern life). The annual cost for this across the Auckland network is $195,000 at current rates.

20. Green lamps Green lamps that operate at 57% or lower will have a L 70 of 15 years. Analysis of scats data to calculate average burn time. Well maintained green lamps in polycarbonate lanterns with a maximum on time of 57% may only require replacement upon failure.

21. Green lamps At signalised mid block crossings (worst case scenario) green lamps will have a L 70 of between 9 and 11 years. This is one replacement during the life of a polycarbonate lantern or two during the life of an aluminium lantern.

22. Green lamps Well maintained green lamps in polycarbonate lanterns with an on time greater than 57% may only require replacement at 8 years (half lantern life). Well maintained green lamps in aluminium lanterns with a maximum on time of 71% may only require replacement at 12 to 15 years (half lantern life). Well maintained green lamps in aluminium lanterns with an on time greater than 71% may only require replacement at 8 years (one third lantern life).

23. Sample LED lamp replacement programme LED LAMP REPLACEMENT PROGRAMME lantern typelamp typeon time (from scats)replacement allamberanymaintenance allgreen mananymaintenance allred mananymaintenance allmid block redanymaintenance polycarbonateredanymaintenance aluminiumred>61%13 years polycarbonategreen<57%maintenance allgreen>57%8 years aluminiumgreen<57%13 years

24. QUESTIONS?