1. Standard 6-3.6

2. Get your notes ready….. Fold your paper to make 4 squares….. Then label each section as follows: Geography /Trade Justinian Government Architecture / Art Education You will use these notes to answer your study guide questions. Keep up with this!

3. Test Review… 1. What is the Bosporus Strait and why was it important to the Byzantine Empire? 2. What caused the Byzantine Empire to become wealthy? 3. Who was the most popular leader during the Byzantine Empire? 4. What were his most important accomplishments? 5. Explain (with details) the Justinian Code. 6. In what ways did the Byzantine Empire keep the Roman and Greek traditions alive? (education, art, architecture) 7. How important was education to the Byzantine empire? How do you know?

4. Byzantine Government / Geography Remember that only the western part of the Roman Empire fell to the Germanic invaders. The eastern portion continued for almost 1,000 years as the Byzantine Empire.

6. Byzantine Geography The center of the Byzantine Empire was the city of Constantinople (today known as Istanbul). This was the greatest city in the world after the fall of Rome. Constantinople straddled the Bosporus Strait and was situated on 2 continents- Europe and Asia.

7. Google Earth for Bosporus Strait

8. Byzantine Geography This site was chosen because it was easily defended and served as a crossroads for international trade. Because of its location, Constantinople controlled trade from Asia to Europe. This made the Byzantine Empire VERY rich. Pretty much, Constantinople was the cultural center that carried on ROMAN and GREEK culture.

9. Justinian Improving on the laws of the Roman Empire, Emperor Justinian wrote a new set of laws. This set of laws became known as the Justinian Code. Justinian Code – based on Roman law Laws were more clear….Strict, but fair laws. Gave the same rights to everyone, whether they were rich or poor. Became a model for lawmakers all over the western world.

10. Byzantine Architecture / Art Justinian rebuilt the buildings that had been destroyed in earlier fighting. Decorated and built Christian churches throughout the empire example: Hagia Sophia Continued with mosaics… added brightly colored glass to them….

11. Streamline Byzantine Empire Combines Cultures A segment of World History: The Medieval EraWorld History: The Medieval Era

12. Education … What do you notice from this chart? Western Empire Learning is important. Took place in monasteries, places where religious men worked & lived. Only males were educated. Most rulers and public figures could not read and write. Byzantine (east) Learning is important. Based on private school system (only for those that could afford it). Churches provided some education. Wealthy women studied with tutors. Men studied in the imperial university. Teachers were important in society. Rulers and other public figures could read and write so they could better serve the people.

13. Education … What do you notice from this chart? Western Empire Learning is important. Took place in monasteries, places where religious men worked & lived. Only males were educated. Most rulers and public figures could not read and write. Byzantine (east) Learning is important. Based on private school system (only for those that could afford it). Churches provided some education. Wealthy women studied with tutors. Men studied in the imperial university. Teachers were important in society. Rulers and other public figures could read and write so they could better serve the people.

14. Test Review… 1. What is the Bosporus Strait and why was it important to the Byzantine Empire? 2. What caused the Byzantine Empire to become wealthy? 3. Who was the most popular leader during the Byzantine Empire? 4. What were his most important accomplishments? 5. Explain (with details) the Justinian Code. 6. In what ways did the Byzantine Empire keep the Roman and Greek traditions alive? (education, art, architecture) 7. How important was education to the Byzantine empire? How do you know?

15. How does Greek / Roman Religion Compare to Christianity? Like most cultures in the ancient world, Romans and Greeks were POLYTHEISTIC=BELIEF IN MANY GODS AND GODESSESS. These gods and goddesses: -lived and ruled in the heavens, the earth, and the underworld -very powerful, but looked and acted like humans -they had emotions, played games, had families, fought wars

16. The ROMAN belief in these gods and goddesses was ‘adopted’ from the GREEKS. The Romans took the Greek names of the gods/goddesses and changed them to Roman names. Both GREEKS and ROMANS wanted to make the gods/goddesses happy, built temples, offered sacrifices, and prayed to these deities for help in life. Both GREEKS and ROMANS believed in an ‘afterlife’, but paid more attention to ‘living in this world’ than ‘preparing for the next’.

19. Christianity Origins: Grew from and is an extension of Judaism – believing that Jesus Christ is the Messiah. Founder : Jesus Christ He was a carpenter. He left his home in Nazareth to become a minister. He was accompanied in his journeys by 12 disciples. (followers) He was recognized as a healer and the ‘son of God’. His message of love and devotion to God and all mankind is the heart of His teachings. Basic Principles: There is one God (monotheistic) Jesus was the son of God. He died to save people from sin. People will gain salvation if they follow the teachings of Jesus.

20. Basic Principles cont. Jesus is the incarnation of God (God in bodily form) Jesus died on the cross and was resurrected (came back from the dead) that man could be forgiven of his sins Salvation is a gift from God The Bible is the holy text of Christianity A life of good works is a reflection of having a relationship with God Diffusion: It spread through the teachings/preaching of the disciples and Paul, throughout the Middle East and Mediterranean world Eventually Christianity was adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire