1. Chapter 14 Section 2 Totalitarianism

2. I. A Government of Total Control A. Totalitarianism 1.Totalitarianism- describes a government that takes total, centralized, state control over every aspect of public and private life 2.Leaders tend to be dynamic who are capable of building support for policies & justify actions

3. I. A Government of Total Control A. Totalitarianism 3.This belief challenges reason, freedom, human dignity, and worth of the individual

4. B. Police Terror 1.Use terror and violence to force obedience and crush opposition 2.Police serve to enforce govt. policies by spying and intimidation

5. C. Indoctrination 1.Indoctrination-means instruction in govt.’s beliefs-to mold people’s minds 2.Controlling education to glorify leader and policies to convince citizen’s unconditional loyalty. Best to begin with children

6. D. Propaganda and Censorship 1.Use biased information to sway people to accept certain beliefs 2.Control of mass media

7. D. Propaganda and Censorship 3. Film, art, music and publications exist only through the govt. 4. Challenging govt. info is considered treason

8. E. Religious or Ethnic Persecution 1.Govt. leaders will create “enemies of the state” to place blame for things that go wrong

9. II. Stalin Builds a Totalitarian State A. A Police State 1.Stalin create this to maintain his power 2.Used tanks and armored cars to stop riots 3.Tapped phone lines, children told on parents, and police arrested and executed millions of so called traitors

10. Stalin Builds a Totalitarian State A. A Police State 4. 1934, Great Purge- campaign of terror directed at anyone who threatened Stalin’s power-even old Bolsheviks 5.By 1938 when the purge ended Stalin had gained total control and had been responsible for 8-13 million deaths

11. B. Soviet Propaganda and Censorship 1.Stalin would not tolerate individual creativity that did not conform to his views

12. D. Education, Indoctrination & Religious Persecution 1.Stalin controlled all education from nursery schools to the universities 2.Leaders preached sacrifice and hard work for the Communist state 3.Stalin wanted to replace religion with the ideals of communism

13. III. Stalin Seizes Control of the Economy A. An Industrial Revolution Command economy is a system in which the govt. made all economic decisions Stalin sets a 5-year plan that set goals for increasing the production of steel, coal, oil, and electricity but this created shortages in housing, food, & clothing These methods did succeed in producing economic gain

14. B. An Agricultural Revolution 1.Collective Farms- In 1928 the govt. began to seize over 25 million privately owned farms and combined them into large govt. owned farms 2.Families worked on these farms producing food for the state 3.Kulaks (wealthy peasants) resisted but the Soviet govt. eliminated them

15. B. An Agricultural Revolution 1.5-10 million peasants died as a result of Stalin’s agricultural revolution 2.By 1938 more than 90% of all peasants lived on collective farms 3.These farms were effective; wheat production had doubled in 1938