1. Chapter 2: Origins of American Government Section 2

2. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 2 Chapter 2, Section 2 The Coming of Independence What events and ideas led to American independence? –_________________________________________ __________________________________________ –Growing political unity among the colonies –_________________________________________ __________________________________________ –British efforts to punish some colonies for showing independence –Fighting between colonists and British soldiers

3. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 3 Chapter 2, Section 2 British Colonial Policies The colonies had become used to a large degree of self- rule since, for many years, Great Britain implemented an unwritten policy of _____________________________________. Salutary neglect –British belief that if they ______________________ _________________________________________, the colonies would flourish, which was better for Great Britain. –Also, the distance between England and North America made it hard for Parliament to manage colonial affairs or enforce trade laws.

4. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 4 Chapter 2, Section 2 British Colonial Policies, cont. As a result, the American colonies began to __________________________________________, while still benefiting from their affiliation with England –Colonial legislatures took on _________________, ________________________ withholding pay from governors who disagreed with legislative proposals. –Britain provided colonial defense, managed foreign affairs, & provided a common currency and market. –Taxation was low & interference with colonial affairs was minimal.

5. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 5 Chapter 2, Section 2 British Policies Change After King George III came to power in 1760, _____________________________________. –Parliament expanded and enforced laws to ________________________________________. –Parliament passed new taxes to pay for British troops stationed in North America. Colonists had no say in these policies and protested “______________________________________________ _____________________________________________.”

6. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 6 Chapter 2, Section 2 Colonial Unity Early efforts to unite the colonies failed. –_________________________________________ Benjamin Franklin’s proposed this plan in 1754; it would have created a colonial congress, but was rejected by the colonies. The colonies were not yet ready to unite “against” Great Britain.

7. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 7 Chapter 2, Section 2 Colonial Unity, cont. In 1765, Britain passed the _______________ ____________________. –This law required a stamp to be bought for all legal documents and newspapers in the colonies. Nine colonies responded by forming the ___________________________ in New York. –In the first unified colonial protest, the Stamp Act Congress sent a ___________________________ __________________________ to King George III. –Parliament repealed the Stamp Act.

8. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 8 Chapter 2, Section 2 Tensions Grow Despite the repeal of the Stamp Act, Parliament continued to pass laws that were unpopular with the colonists; perhaps in an effort to _____________________________________ _____________________________________. –The colonists responded with more boycotts, which would lead, at times, to acts of violence Colonists created Committees of Correspondence to organize resistance. Events like the Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party raised tensions.

9. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 9 Chapter 2, Section 2 First Continental Congress First met in Philadelphia in 1774 in response to the ___________________________________ (which were a set of laws Parliament passed to punish the colonists for their defiance) Included delegates from every colony but ___________________________. Among them were John Adams, George Washington, and John Jay.

10. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 10 Chapter 2, Section 2 First Continental Congress, cont. Sent a Declaration of Rights to King George that protested Britain’s colonial policies. –Urged colonists to ___________________________ _________________________________________ until hated laws were repealed. –Gained the support of ________________________ _______________________ and called for a second Congress to meet the following May.

11. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 11 Chapter 2, Section 2 Second Continental Congress Met in _________________________ in __________. Every colony sent delegates. ___________________ ____________________________ was chosen president of the Congress. The Revolutionary War had begun (unofficially) with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in April of 1775. A continental army was created and George Washington was made commander-in-chief.

12. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 12 Chapter 2, Section 2 Second Continental Congress, cont. This Congress became America’s first _____________________________________, from 1776-1781. –It had __________________________________ & _________________________ powers. –During the war, it raised a military, printed & borrowed money, & made foreign treaties. –Benjamin Franklin (right) was a leading member.

13. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 13 Chapter 2, Section 2 Breaking from Britain Congress resolved ______________________ _______________________________________ the following year, in 1776. –Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, and Thomas Jefferson were named to write a proclamation of independence. –The delegates declared independence on _____________________, 1776 & adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4.