1. Cold War Hot Spots Unit 4 Lesson 11 (Sections 26.3 & 26.4)

2. Objectives: Describe how Communists rose to power in China and how the US reacted. Explain why the US became involved in the affairs of Korea and summarize the events of the war. Identify other Cold War “hot spots.” Explain how US foreign policy changed through the course of the Cold War.

3. Warm Up How did the Red Scare manifest itself in the US? FELP- LRB HUAC Espionage Cases McCarthyism

4. Communists Take China- 1949 Chinese Civil War (28-38) Nationalists: Chiang Kai-shek Communists: Mao Zedong Unite to fight WW2… temporary People’s Republic of China Mao’s Communists Chou En-lai - Premier Republic of China – aka Taiwan (Formosa) Chiang’s Nationalists Recognized as official govt (US & UN)

5. The Korean War Japan occupied Korea from 1910-1945 Post WW2, Korea divided at 38 th Parallel USSR in North US in South Goal: reunification

6. UN in North Korea USSR refuses UN-sponsored elections… Republic of Korea in Seoul, S. Korea (Pres. Syngman Rhee) Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in Pyongyang, N. Korea (Kim Il Sung) Occupying troops withdrew 48 & 49.

7. Open Hostilities June to Sept- North captures Seoul, most S. Korea! Sept to Oct – Mac pushes back…to Chinese border! Nov to Jan 51- Chinese get involved to stop US from entering China… push back to 38 th parallel

8. Butting Heads MacArthur : Invade China! Truman: No! MacArthur appeals to media, criticizes Truman Mac fired April 11, 1951.

9. Armistice 1951-1953 stuck at 38 th …nothing gained, much lost (54k dead, $67b) Soviets suggest ceasefire 38 th Parallel Demilitarized Zone Exchange of POW’s NK/UN signed July 1953 No official NK/SK Treaty!

10. Impact of Korea UN authority N. Korea still communist – Still hostilities US precedent of intervention (Vietnam) due to containment US rejects Dem Party, elects Republican Military-industrial complex

11. Eisenhower and the Cold War

12. Brinksmanship 1949- Soviet A Bomb Nov 52/Aug 53- H Bomb John Foster Dulles Use “full force” NSC triples defense $ Deterrance MAD Arms Race Air Raid Drills Bomb Shelters “Living Under the Button”

13. Cold War Takes to the Skies Oct 4, 1957- Sputnik Fear ICBM attack US tries to duplicate and fails NASA National Defense Education Act U2 Incident US spy plane shot down over USSR

14. Other Confrontations Asia: US doesn’t sign Geneva Accords, gives aid to S.Vietnam Middle East: US supports creation Israel (‘47), Eisenhower Doctrine (‘57) after Suez Crisis – US force against communist aggression in ME Latin America – Rio Pact & OAS Treaties

15. Closure How did the US policy of deterrence influence US actions during the Cold War? Brinksmanship as strategy Diplomatic decisions made with threat of force Build up of arms & arsenals Always risk danger of outbreak of war

16. Homework