1. Japanese Internment & Redress Source: http://www.japanesecanadianhistory.net/GuideExcerptsForSocialStudies11.pdf

2. Background Manzo Nagano 1877 Pacific Coast: farms, fishing, mining, sawmill racism Vancouver riots, 1907 (see docs) Legalized racism: vote; professions; wages BC politicians (except CCF) catered to white supremacists Japanese ghetto (Japantown) Issei & Nisei http://www.az.emb-japan.go.jp/image/sakura.jpg http://vancouvermovingtheatre.com/wp- content/uploads/2009/03/jnmc_big.jpg

3. Vancouver riots 1907

4. WWII War Measures Act West Coast a “restricted area” Families split: fathers to BC/Alberta, mothers to Greenwood, Slocan, etc Sugar beet farms “ Custodian of Enemy Alien Property ” Japanese pay for their own internment ; movement restricted; mail censored. http://www.ccrh.org/comm/moses/phoarch.html

5. As WWII draws to a close... Japanese-Canadians have the option: be loyal and move east of the Rockies OR “repatriate” to Japan Prime Minister Mackenzie King August 4, 1944: “It is a fact that no person of Japanese race born in Canada has been charged with any act of sabotage or disloyalty during the years of war.” http://www.ncrr-la.org/campaign.html

6. Post-War April 1949 restrictions lifted: Japanese given full citizenship rights and can vote. Right to return to BC (no homes to return to) “Today, most sunsei [3 rd gen.] know little of their cultural heritage and their contact with other Japanese outside their immediate family is limited. The rate of intermarriage is very high – almost 90% according to the 1996 census.” So what??? Source: http://www.japanesecanadianhistory.net/GuideExcerptsFor SocialStudies11. http://www.japanesecanadianhistory.net/GuideExcerptsFor SocialStudies11 http://www.jccc.on.ca/heritage/five_gen/exhibit/04.html

7. Redress January 1984, National Association of Japanese Canadians seek an acknowledgement of: the injustices endured during and after the Second World War; financial compensation for the injustices; review and amendment of the War Measures Act and relevant sections of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, so that no Canadian would ever again be subjected to such wrongs

8. Apology “I know that I speak for Members on all sides of the House today in offering to Japanese Canadians the formal and sincere apology of this Parliament for those past injustices against them, against their families, and against their heritage, and our solemn commitment and undertaking to Canadians of every origin that such violations will never again in this country be countenanced or repeated.” Prime Minister Brian Mulroney’s remarks to the House of Commons, Sept. 22, 1988 http://archives.cbc.ca/on_this_day/09/22/