1. 1 2 Born: Feb. 12 1809

2. 34

3. 5

4. 9 Discovery of Plant Growth Hormones

5. 7 6 8

6. 10 11 12

7. 13 14 1

8. 15

9. CONCLUSION: Island Populations Modified from Ancestral Forms HOW? MECHANISM?

10. 1617 18 Darwin was influenced by ideas of Thomas Malthus

11. 19 Malthusian Dilemma

12. 28 29 30 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection

13. 1)

14. Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection 2)

15. 3) 28 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection

16. 20 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection 4) 27

17. 4 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection 1)Organisms beget like organisms 2)There are chance variations among individuals in a population. Some variations are passed on to offspring 3)More offspring are produced each generation Than can be supported by the environment 4)Some individuals, because of physical or behavioral traits, have a higher chance of surviving and reproducing than other individuals in the same population (Adaptation of a Population to the Environment)

18. 25 MECHANISM?

19. Gregor Mendel: Father of Genetics

20. Gene: Factors that control Heritable Traits

21. Alleles: Different forms of a Gene

22. Y y Chromosomes as the Repository of Hereditary Information Morgan (1908-1915)

23. Hershey and Chase (1952) DNA as the Repository of Hereditary Information

24. Phenotype vs. Genotype

25. Homozygous vs. Heterozygous

26. Yy Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles

27. Analysis of Heredity: Punnett Square

28. 33 Characterizing Variation in Populations: Environment or Genetics? 34 35 (Cinquefoil: Potentilla glandulosa)

29. 36 Environment or Genetics?

30. Jens Clausen, David Keck, William Hiesey Fig. 4.4 36

31. Fig. 4.4 in Molles 2008 If Only Environment..

32. Fig. 4.4 in Molles 2008 Experimental Results: Genetic Effects

33. Fig. 4.4 in Molles 2008 Experimental Results: Environmental Effects

34. Ecotype: Locally adapted and genetically distinctive population within a species

35. 37 Characterizing Variation in Populations: Environment or Genetics? Chuckwalla

36. “Common Lab Conditions” Fig. 8.10 in Molles 2006 (Elevation of Chuckwalla Population Origin)

37. 37 Conclusion:

38. Fig. 8.8 in Molles 2006 MECHANISM: Relationships between Winter Rainfall and Elevation and Chuckwalla Length Fig. 8.9 in Molles 2006 Elevation (m)

39. Population Genetics: Study of the Genetics of Populations

40. Allele Frequencies (Method 1: Count Alleles Directly) Frequency of Y Allele:Frequency of y Allele:

41. Allele Frequencies (Method II: Calculate from Genotype Frequencies) Frequency of Y Allele: Frequency of y allele: Frequency of YY Genotype: Frequency of Yy Genotype: Frequency of yy Genotype:

42. Equilibrium of Allele Frequencies: Necessary Conditions?

43. Non-Random Mating: Effect on Allele Frequencies?

44. Immigration: Effect on Allele Frequencies?

45. Natural Selection: Effect on Allele Frequencies

46. Mutation: Effect on Allele Frequencies