1. Section 2.06

2. Individual Businesses Government Agencies Trade Associations
Any business that transports goods across state lines must comply with standards set by:
Individual Businesses
Government Agencies
Trade Associations
Professional Organizations

3. B: Government Agencies
While some businesses may have their own standards, all businesses must follow government standards by law.

4. To promote group activities To create influence To establish control
Why do many professional organizations develop standards for their members to follow?
To promote group activities
To create influence
To establish control
To promote product safety

5. D: To promote product safety
Many professional organizations develop standards for their members to follow in order to promote safety. These specifications guarantee that the materials used to make goods, or the goods themselves, meet certain standards for safety. The safety standards also benefit customers who are ensured of purchasing safe goods. Professional organizations do not develop standards in order to promote their activities, to create influence, or to establish control.

6. When products are graded by nongovernmental agencies, the grading is:
Voluntary
Mandatory
Periodic
Occasional

7. A: Voluntary
While grading by governmental agencies is mandatory, grading by nongovernmental agencies is voluntary.

8. Which is an example of an implied warranty?
A customer buys a toaster and assumes it will toast bread.
A jacket’s hang tag states that the fabric is pure wool.
A television’s label promises a full refund if the set doesn’t work.
A salesperson tells a customer, “This is the best quality you can buy.”

9. A: A customer buys a toaster and assumes it will toast bread.
An implied warranty is an unwritten warranty understood by the consumer and the seller that the product will perform as expected. The television carries a guarantee – a promise made by the seller to refund the consumer’s purchase price if the product does not perform as expected. The other alternatives are examples of express warranties that are either written or expressed verbally.

10. Express Full Limited Implied
Teri purchased a new car and expects for the entertainment system to work smoothly. Which warranty is Teri expecting to be fulfilled?
Express
Full
Limited
Implied

11. D: Implied
State provided

12. Express Full Limited Implied
A customer buys a CD player and receives a printed warranty card stating the action the company will take if the CD player does not work properly. This is an example of a(n) _______ warranty.
Express
Full
Limited
Implied

13. A: Express
An express warranty is a promise expressed in a specific statement concerning the quality of the product. It may be in written or oral form. An implied warranty is an unwritten warranty that is understood by the consumer and the seller that the product will perform as expected. Not enough information is given to determine the extent of the promise; therefore, we do not know whether the promise covered all repairs (full) or only specific (limited).

14. It enables customers to buy without having to inspect each product.
How does the use of grades and standards affect the buying and selling process?
It enables customers to buy without having to inspect each product.
It provides product information on unsafe products.
It enables businesses to set high prices.
It enables salespeople to suggest products without having to determine customer needs.

15. A: It enables customers to buy without having to inspect each product.
The use of grades and standards speeds up the buying and selling process because customers don’t have to inspect each product. It also furnishes information that salespeople can use to justify price, to sell benefits, and to meet customer needs. The use of grades and standards enables salespeople to recommend products that best meet customer needs. Although grades and standards provide product information, they do not address unsafe products. Unsafe products should not be offered since they are a business liability. Product prices will vary based on the product’s grade. Therefore, the prices will not necessarily be high.

16. What is a purpose of warranties and guarantees?
To increase customer anxiety about purchases
To decrease feedback from customers
To protect the producer and the seller
To avoid a customer-oriented focus for the business

17. C: To protect the producer and the seller.
A purpose of warranties and guarantees is to protect the producer and the seller. Producers and sellers are protected by well-written warranties and guarantees because the responsibilities to the consumer are clearly defined. The customer is informed at the time of the purchase of the way in which any problems will be handled. This helps to prevent purchasers from making unreasonable claims against producers or sellers. Reduced anxiety about purchases is a customer benefit received from warranties and guarantees. Benefits to the business from warranties and guarantees include attaining a customer-oriented focus for the business and obtaining feedback from customers.