1. REDD+, an introduction Michael BUCKI (DG CLIMA)
Based on slides by Dr Ruth Nussbaum
(ProForest)

2. Where does it come from ?

3. International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (2007) calculated:
ca 20% anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the 1990s from land use change, mainly forests
Ca 25% total emissions reabsorbed by terrestrial ecosystems
Forests crucial sources and sinks for greenhouse gases

4. Forests versus other GHG sources
Approximate emissions in million metric tons CO2
Stern Report (2006) and Eliasch review (2008) highlighted forests as a source of GHG emissions and put a number on cost of reductions
McKinsey (2009) identified forests as a crucial component of any abatement strategy
Petrol
Coal
Forest Related
Natural Gas

5. Developments within UNFCCC
Most forest-related activities excluded from the Kyoto Protocol
COP 11 Montreal in 2005
Coalition of Rainforest Nations requested a new agenda item under the Convention on: “Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries”
Widespread support
COP 13 Bali in 2007
Decision 2/CP.13: Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries: approaches to stimulate action
COP 15 in Copenhagen and 16 in Cancun (December 2010) made further progress
GOAL: To slow, halt and reverse the loss of forest
cover and forest carbon

6. What is it?

7. What is REDD?
Emissions from forests
Baseline or
reference level }
Reduced emissions
“ … in the context of the provision of financial resources and technical support …”
Estimations:
€20-25 bn
€10 bn/y by 2020
Actual emissions
Time
Forest Emissions=
Area Change X Conversion Factor
Uncertainty ? Periodicity ? Additionality ?

8. What is REDD+ Conservation of carbon in existing stocks
Reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD)
Enhanced removals of carbon through increasing forest cover
Sustainable forest management
The Forest Transition Curve

9. How to proceed?

10. Implementing REDD+ Goal Reality
Ex Ante Support for Strategic Planning, Reforms Capacity Building, Monitoring and Baseline Setting
Losses reduced relative to baseline at national level
Performance measured nationally
Payment made ex post based on verified performance
Reality
Many countries will not be able to achieve this in the short term
Baselines may be challenging
Not able to reduce losses relative to baseline
Not able to monitor adequately

11. Information Needs Initial discussion focused only on carbon
Now broad agreement that other forest values must be respected, hence monitored:
Tenure and use rights (particularly of indigenous people)
Biodiversity and protection of natural forests
Other ecosystem services
Equitable distribution of income

12. Who’s who?

13. UNFCCC, AWG LCA, SBI, SBSTA REDD+ Partnership and Database UNREDD, FCPF, FIP EU REDD Facility EU REDD Platform

14. Expectations for the Facility Building on REDD+/FLEGT synergies or “REDD as MAD” (Mitigation, Adaptation, Development) 1. Supporting targeted developing country in building their capacity and improving forest governance in view of REDD+ objectives 2. Guiding selected developing countries in accessing finance for REDD Facilitating Commission Services, MS and EU delegation support to REDD+ implementation in developing countries 4. Supporting effective communication and outreach