Milady’s Standard Cosmetology

Milady’s Standard Cosmetology
Seeking Employment Milady’s Standard Cosmetology

“Empty pockets never held anyone back
“Empty pockets never held anyone back. Only empty heads and empty hearts can do that” Normal Vincent Peale

Objectives Discuss the essentials of becoming test-wise
Explain the steps involved in preparing for employment List and describe the different types of salon businesses Write an achievement-oriented resume and prepare an employment portfolio

Objectives Explain how to explore the job market and research potential employers Be prepared to complete an effective employment interview LEARNING MOTIVATION (WHY?) Top professionals in the field of cosmetology are not born, they are made by their own desires, energies, and persistence. Those successful stylists first began by enrolling in cosmetology school and sticking with it. They are the ones who had stars in their eyes and a passion for making their dreams come true. They made sure they were prepared when the door of opportunity opened. They are the ones who use their time wisely and make the most of the time they have. They plan for their future, go the extra mile, and have the self-confidence to meet any challenge. They owe their success to no one but themselves because they have created it. If you want to enjoy the same success as the top industry professionals, you need to be prepared for the opportunities that await you. One of your primary goals when you chose cosmetology as a career was to be able to obtain gainful employment in a field that you enjoy. You are putting in your time in school; you are learning the basics of your craft. When you are near graduation is the time for you to pursue employment in this exciting field. You have already or will soon learn the basics of salon management and operation. That knowledge will aid you in your pursuit of the “right” salon for you. It will also help you respect the need to deliver worthy service for value received in an employer-employee relationship. We know that there are more jobs available for entry-level cosmetologists than there are stylists to fill them in most of the country. This is a good thing for you! That does not, however, mean you should not do thorough research to discover what options are available before you take the giant first leap and commit. If you choose the right first job, your career will be launched on the fast track for career success. There are a number of questions you should answer before you begin. What do you want from your career? What particular areas of cosmetology are of greatest interest to you? In what ways do you wish to use your skills? What skills do you perform best? (This is your skills inventory.) What personal qualities do you bring to the table? In today’s lesson, we’ll pursue ways for you to answer these questions and continue your journey to success.

Preparing for Licensure
Master program content Become “test-wise” PREPARING FOR LICENSURE: Before you can obtain employment, you have to first successfully complete the licensing examination set forth by your area’s regulatory or licensing agency. ACTIVITY: Conduct a discussion about the students’ experiences with test-taking. Ask them to convey the emotions and feelings that they have prior to taking a test. At the conclusion of the discussion, inform them that by becoming “test-wise,” they may be able to overcome some of those negative feelings and experiences. PREPARING FOR THE TEST: First you must master the course content. It will also be helpful to develop strong test-taking skills to draw upon. Being “test-wise” means having a complete and thorough knowledge of your subject matter and understanding the strategies for taking tests successfully.

Habits to Develop Plan a realistic study schedule
Read content carefully Keep well-organized notebook Build detailed vocabulary list Take effective notes Organize and review handouts Listen carefully for test cues Plan a realistic study schedule. Read content carefully. Become an active studier. Keep well-organized notebook. Build detailed vocabulary list. Take effective notes. Organize and review handouts. Listen carefully for test cues. Make note of any clues about what can be expected on the test.

Holistic Hints Be mentally ready Get rest the night before test
Dress comfortably Anticipate test anxiety Avoid cramming the night before HOLISTIC HINTS Be mentally ready. Develop a positive attitude toward test taking. Get rest the night before test. Dress comfortably. If unsure of the weather or climate, wear layers so you can adjust. Anticipate some anxiety. Feeling concerned about the test results may actually help you prepare better and do better. Avoid cramming the night before. Cramming may harm your self-confidence or feeling of preparedness.

Test-Day Strategies Relax and slow down physically
Review material lightly Arrive early Read diretions and listen carefully Ask if you do not understand TEST-DAY STRATEGIES Relax and slow down physically. Take deep breaths to calm yourself. Review material lightly. If at all possible, do so on the same day as the exam. Arrive early. Be alert, calm, and ready for the challenge; maintain a self-confident attitude. Read directions and listen carefully. Ask if you do not understand.

Test-Day Strategies Skim test before beginning Budget time
Wear a watch to monitor time Begin as soon as possible Mark answers quickly but carefully Answer easiest questions first Mark skipped questions Skim test before beginning. Budget time. Do not spend too much time on any one question. Wear a watch to monitor time. Begin as soon as possible. Mark the answers quickly but carefully. Answer easiest questions first. Skimming allows you to identify those that may be more difficult. Mark skipped questions so you can find them quickly when you go back to them later.

Test-Day Strategies Read questions carefully
Answer as many as possible (guess if unsure) Look over finished test Change answers with good reason only Check test before turning in Read questions carefully. Make sure you understand all parts of the question. Answer as many questions as possible. For questions you are unsure of, guess or estimate. Look over finished test. Make sure you have read all questions correctly and have answered as many as possible. Change answers with good reason only. Check test or test booklet carefully before turning it in. Make sure your name is entered correctly; check to make sure you answered all questions to the best of your ability, etc.

Deductive Reasoning Strategies
Eliminate incorrect options Watch for “key” terms Study the stem DEDUCTIVE REASONING STRATEGIES: Deductive reasoning is the process of reaching logical conclusions by employing logical thinking or reasoning. Eliminate incorrect options. The more you eliminate, the better chance you have of identifying the correct answer. Watch for “key” terms. Look for any qualifying conditions and statements. Keep an eye out for words like usually, commonly, always, never, etc. Study the stem. The stem is the basic question or problem. Often the stem will provide a clue to the correct answer or even an answer to another question.

Deductive Reasoning Strategies
Watch for grammatical clues Look at similar or related questions In essay questions, address the issue Watch for grammatical clues. For example, if the last word in the stem is “an,” the answer must begin with a vowel rather than a consonant. Look at similar or related questions. They may provide clues. In essay, address the issue. Watch for words like compare, contrast, discuss, evaluate, analyze, define, or describe, and develop your answer accordingly. In reading tests, read question first. This will help you look for and identify important elements in the paragraph. In reading tests, read questions first

True/False Test Strategies
Watch for qualifying words To be true, entire statement must be true Long statements may be more likely to be true TEST FORMAT STRATEGIES: Again, you must know your material. However, there are a few tips that may be helpful with the different types of test formats. TRUE/FALSE Watch for qualifying words, such as all, most, some, none, always, usually, sometimes, never, little, no, equal, less, good, bad, etc. To be true, entire statement must be true. Long statements may be more likely to be true. It takes more detail to provide truthful, factual information.

Multiple Choice Strategies
Read entire question and all choices carefully Look for best choice Eliminate incorrect answers When two choices are close or similar, one is probably correct When two choices are identical, both must be wrong MULTIPLE CHOICE Read entire question carefully, including all choices. Look for best choice. More than one may have some truth in it. Eliminate incorrect answers. Cross them out if you are allowed to. When two choices are close or similar, one is probably correct. When two choices are identical, both must be wrong.

When two choices are opposite, one is probably correct “All of the above” responses are often correct Note words like not, except, but When two of the choices are opposite, one is probably right and the other wrong. “All of the above” responses are often correct. Note words like not, except, but. Guess if you don’t know, as long as there is no penalty. Answer to one question may be in stem of another.

Guess if you don’t know (if there is no penalty) Answer to one question may be in stem of another When two of the choices are opposite, one is probably right and the other wrong. “All of the above” responses are often correct. Note words like not, except, but. Guess if you don’t know, as long as there is no penalty. Answer to one question may be in stem of another.

Matching Strategies Read both lists before beginning
Check off items from the brief response list to eliminate choices MATCHING Read both lists before beginning. Check off items from the brief response list to eliminate choices.

Essay Strategies Organize answer to “cue” words in question
Think carefully and outline answer before you begin writing Be complete, accurate, relevant, well-organized, clear ESSAYS Organize answer to cue words in question. Think carefully; outline answer before you begin writing. Be complete, accurate, relevant, well-organized, clear. The most important aspect of becoming test-wise is following the rules of effective studying and knowing your subject matter.

Practical Exam Tips Practice correct skills often
Participate in “mock” exams Be familiar with exam bulletin Keep equipment clean and implements sanitary and working PRACTICAL EXAM TIPS Practice correct skills as often as you can. Participate in “mock” exams. Duplicate the exam as closely as possible, including kit packing and timing of skills. Be familiar with exam bulletin. Most licensing agencies send out examination bulletins that contain details about what to expect on the exam; read it carefully. Keep equipment clean and implements sanitary and working.

Practical Exam Tips Observe other practical exams
Locate exam site prior to exam Listen carefully to instructions Focus on your own knowledge Practice sanitation and safety at all times Observe other practical exams before yours. If this is allowed by the licensing agency, it is to your advantage to do so. Locate exam site prior to exam. This will help ensure you are on time for the examination. Listen carefully to instructions. Ask questions if you do not understand. Focus on your own knowledge. Don’t worry about what other test candidates are doing. Follow safety and sanitation procedures at all times.

Personal Skills Assessment
Posture and poise Grooming and personal hygiene Manners and courtesy Communications skills ASSESS SKILLS AND CHARACTERISTICS PERSONAL INVENTORY ACTIVITY: Have the students use the form found in the text to take a personal inventory of their qualities and characteristics. Posture, poise. How do you carry yourself? Grooming, personal hygiene. Do you practice good personal hygiene daily? Manners, courtesy. Are you polite? Do you say please and thank you? Communications skills. Can you articulate your message? Are you clean and concise when speaking with clients? Do they understand you?

Personal Skills Assessment
Positive attitude Personal habits Self-esteem and self-confidence Honesty and integrity Dependability Attitude. Are you positive? Do you project a winning attitude? Personal habits. Do you have any habits that are annoying to others? Self esteem, self-confidence. Do you believe in yourself? Honesty, integrity. Are you truthful and loyal? Dependability. Can you be counted on to be there when you are supposed to be? NOTE: Conduct a discussion about what students discovered as they completed the first part of the personal inventory.

Technical Skills Assessment
Analyze each skills area Are skills suitable for any salon type? If not, why not? What skills do they need to develop to work in their desired salon type? TECHNICAL SKILLS ACTIVITY: Have students analyze each skills area. Ask them to think about whether their skills are suitable for any type salon? If not, why not? After you have completed the personal inventory activity and identified areas that need further attention, you can determine where to focus the remainder of your training.

Desired Employment Characteristics
Motivation Integrity Good technical skills Good communication skills Strong work ethic Enthusiasm HOW TO GET THE JOB YOU WANT DESIRED CHARACTERISTICS. There are several key personal characteristics that will not only help you get the position you want but will help you keep it. Motivation. You must develop the internal drive to take the necessary action to achieve your goals if you want to succeed. Integrity. You must develop a commitment to a strong code of moral and artistic values. Integrity is the compass that keeps you on course over the long haul in your quest for success. Good technical and communication skills; 80% of your success will depend on your “people” skills; the remaining 20% will depend on your good technical skills. Strong work ethic. You must deliver worthy service for the value received from your employer; you must be loyal and dependable. Enthusiasm. You must develop and maintain an eagerness to learn, grow, and expand your skills and knowledge.

Salon Type Activity Brainstorm about various types of salon within the industry Record on board or flip chart Discuss each type SALON TYPES: In the United States alone, there are more than 313,000 salon establishments of various kinds. ACTIVITY: Conduct a brainstorming session wherein students list the various types of salons in our industry. Have a volunteer scribe who lists the types on the board or flip chart. After they are all listed, conduct a discussion of the differences in each type. Use this outline to ensure you have covered all types. (Remember to reward your scribe.)

Salon Types Small independent salons Independent chain salons
Large national chains SMALL INDEPENDENT SALONS Owned by individual or partners. Average size has 1 to 3 chairs. Owner is usually a stylist. Depending on an owner’s willingness to take on a newcomer, a beginning stylist could learn a great deal in an independent salon as well as earn a good living. INDEPENDENT CHAIN SALONS Usually five or more salons. Range from basics to full-service. Range from low- to high-priced. May have specialized position in various technical areas. May hire education directors and managers for various locations. LARGE NATIONAL CHAINS: These chains can be budget, value-priced, haircut-only, full-service, mid-price, or high-end. May operate within department store. Corporation makes many decisions, such as size, decor, hours, services, prices, advertising, and profit targets. Offer secure pay and benefits. They may also offer additional paid training, management opportunities, and corporate advertising. Transfer opportunities may be good.

Salon Types Franchise salons Basic value-priced operations
FRANCHISE SALONS: This is another form of chain salon. They employ a national name, a consistent image, and a business formula throughout the chain. A fee is paid for the franchise. A business plan is provided. Size, location, decor, and prices are determined by parent company. National marketing campaigns may apply. Generally owned by investors. Usually offer the same benefits as corporate-owned chain salons. BASIC VALUE-PRICED OPERATIONS Often located in busy, low-rent strip shopping centers. Usually anchored by nearby supermarkets or other large businesses. Often depend on high-volume, walk-in traffic. Usually pay by the hour with some commission-style bonuses. Haircuts are usually priced at around $15; practitioners are trained to work fast with no frills. This type of salon may be a good starting place for a new graduate. It provides exposure to a variety of clients and allows you to develop expertise in many types of services.

Salon Types Mid-priced full-service salons
High-end “image”salons or day spas Booth rental MID-PRICED FULL-SERVICE SALONS Offer a complete menu of services. Often offer “service and retail packages.” Give time to client consultations. This allows you to build relationships with clients that may be long-lasting. HIGH-END “IMAGE” SALONS OR DAY SPAS Employ well-trained practitioners. Offer higher priced services. Services are usually filled with luxurious extras such as 5-minute head, neck, and shoulder massages as part of the shampoo. Located in trendy, upscale sections of the city or elegant mansions, high-rent districts, or luxury hotels. Offer high level of personal service and technical service. BOOTH RENTAL: This is possibly the least expensive way of owning your own business.

Preparing for Employment
Passport: a written summary of your education and work experience Informs potential employer of achievements and accomplishments PREPARING FOR EMPLOYMENT: Going into the job market without a resume is like traveling to another country without a passport. You won’t get far without one.

General Resume Guidelines
Keep it simple and to one page Print on good quality bond paper (neutral) Include name, address, phone, List recent, relevant work experience List relevant education and name of school List abilities and accomplishments Focus on relevant performance GENERAL RESUME GUIDELINES: Resume. a written summary of your education and work experience. Tells potential employer of your achievements and accomplishments. Keep it simple and to one page. Print it on good quality bond paper. White, buff, or gray is recommended. Include name, address, phone, and address. Put on both resume and the cover letter accompanying it. List recent, relevant work experience. List relevant education and name the institution where you graduated. List your abilities and accomplishments. Make it achievement oriented. Make it “attention getting.” Focus on information relevant to job. Don’t fill it up with a lot of work history that is not relevant to the position you are seeking.

An Achievement-Oriented Resume
20 seconds to sizzle! How many regular clients do you serve? How many clients do you serve weekly? What is your ticket average? What is your client retention rate? What % of revenue is from retailing? What % of revenue is from chemical services? WRITING AN ACHIEVEMENT-ORIENTED RESUME: The average time an employer spends scanning a resume is 20 seconds. You must make it sizzle in that short period of time. So don’t detail your prior duties and responsibilities, but focus on your achievements such as these. How many regular clients do I serve? How many clients to I serve weekly? What was my ticket average? What was my client retention rate? What percentage of my clinic revenue came from retailing? What percentage of my clinic revenue came from color or texture services? Obviously, as a new graduate, you will need to provide data based on your clinic experience in school. That’s why it is important to track that information now. ACTIVITY: Conduct a discussion on other types of accomplishments that could be included in your resume such as receiving the “student of the month” award, perfect attendance, winning competitions, participating in fundraisers, etc. Point out that there is no better time to achieve significant accomplishments than while in school.

Excel in School School performance can help build a great resume!

The DOs of Resume Writing
Make it neat and easy to read Know your audience Keep it short Stress accomplishments Focus on career goals; highlight relevant performance Emphasize transferable skills Use action verbs THE DOs OF RESUME WRITING Make it easy to read. Use concise, clear sentences. Know your audience. Use understandable vocabulary. Keep it short—one to two pages. Stress accomplishments. Focus on career goals. Highlight performance that relates to your desired position. Emphasize transferable skills. You may have skills developed in other positions that will be beneficial to you in the new desired position such as people skills, operating a cash register, retaining, conflict management, etc. Use action verbs. Such as achieved, coordinated, developed, increased, maintained, strengthened, etc. Make it neat. Structure it well. Type it correctly.

The DON’Ts of Resume Writing
Avoid salary references Don’t supply photos Don’t stretch the truth Don’t include personal references Avoid the personal Don’t expect too much THE DON’T S OF RESUME WRITING Avoid salary references. Don’t state your salary history or reason for leaving former employment. Don’t supply photos. You may be gorgeous or handsome, but could remind the potential employer of someone they don’t like. [NOTE: This item not in book.] Don’t stretch the truth. Misinformation or untruthful statements usually catch up with you and it’s not ethical to misrepresent yourself. Don’t include personal references. Use only professional references. Avoid the personal. Don’t make references to hobbies or memberships that are not business related UNLESS they might address skills needed in your new position. [NOTE: This item not in book.] Don’t expect too much. Don’t have unrealistic expectations of what your resume can accomplish. You are more than the sum of your parts and it may take time to convince others of that.

An Achievement-Oriented Resume

Portfolio Preparation
Diplomas, secondary and post-secondary Awards and achievements Achievement-oriented resume Letters of reference from employers Summary of continuing education PORTFOLIO PREPARATION: This is your opportunity to shine. It is a collection, usually bound in some manner, of photos and documents that reflect your skills accomplishments, and abilities. It should include these items. • Diplomas, secondary and post-secondary. • Awards and achievements. • Achievement-oriented resume. • Letters of reference from employers. • Summary of continuing education and copies of certificates.

Portfolio Preparation
Statement of professional affiliations Statement of civic affiliations Before and after photos of services Statement of why you have chosen cosmetology as a career Other relevant information Statement of professional affiliations. Statement of civic affiliations, if relevant. Before and after photographs of technical services you have performed. Statement of why you have chosen cosmetology as a career. Explain what you love about your new career. Describe your philosophy on teamwork and yourself as a team member. Describe methods you would use to increase clinic and retail revenue. Other relevant information. Use your portfolio to portray you and your career skills in the manner in which you wish to be perceived. If it does not do that, what needs to be changed?

Targeting the Establishment
Accept that you won’t begin where you want to be Start now Locate salons that serve your preferred clientele Obtain a list of salons Watch advertisements TARGETING THE ESTABLISHMENT PRELIMINARY STEPS Accept that you won’t begin where you ultimately want to be. It’s unlikely that you will land your first job at Saks Fifth Avenue, but you may eventually get there! Don’t wait until graduation to look. If you do, it’s probably that you will take the first offer you receive and that may not be the best place for you. Locate a salon that serves the type of clientele you wish to serve. You may not get to start exactly where you want to be, but your experience there will be more beneficial if it relates to your ultimate career goals. Obtain a list of area salons. The yellow pages are the best source for this list. Watch advertisements. Look for consistency, evaluate the quality of the ad, consider what market the ad is targeting, etc.

Network Call salon and use best phone manner
Ask to speak to owner or manager Give name and explain that you’re about to graduate State you are researching local salon market Ask if they need a stylist Ask if you can make an appointment FIELD RESEARCH: This is called networking; it’s an indirect method of job hunting. It establishes contacts and allows you to distinguish between salons. Make contacts while still a student. Call and use best phone manner. Ask to speak to owner/manager. Convey confidence. Give name and explain that you’re about to graduate. State that you’re researching the local salon market. Explain that you need just a few minutes to ask a few questions. Determine if this is a good time or when you should call back. Ask if they are looking for a stylist. Ask if you can make an appointment to observe during the next few weeks. You may even want to explain that you’re not looking for employment at this time (because you’re still in school), but you would appreciate the opportunity to observe a professional salon in operation.

Network Confirm appointment

The Salon Visit The salon image Professionalism Management
Client service Prices retail In-salon marketing Services THE SALON VISIT: Refer to Figure and review what to look for when visiting the salon. • Salon image • Professionalism • Management • Client service • Prices • Retail • In-salon marketing • Services

Salon Visit Checklist

Note of Thanks NOTE OF THANKS: See Figures and

Arranging the Interview
Resume cover letter Follow up with a phone call ARRANGING THE INTERVIEW SEND COVER LETTER AND RESUME: Send resume with cover letter to each salon you visited during your salon study, or at least to the ones in which you would like to work. FOLLOW UP WITH PHONE CALL: Even if salon is not hiring, ask if you can come in and discuss career opportunities that may be available in the future. You will at least gain interview experience.

Interview Preparation Checklist
Social Security number Driver’s license number Names, addresses, phone numbers of former employers Dates of former employment Contact information of nearest relative INTERVIEW PREPARATION Make list. See Figure These are items typically asked on an employment application. Remember, you will gather the data and have it available before the interview when you will need it. • Social Security number. • Driver’s license number. • Names, addresses, phone numbers of former employers. • Dates of former employment. (NOTE: This item not in text.) • Contact information of nearest relative not living with you .

Interview Wardrobe Appropriate for position Fashionable and flattering
Accessories appropriate Hairstyle professional and current Makeup/facial hair appropriate Fragrance subtle Handbag or brief case (not both) INTERVIEW WARDROBE: Your appearance is crucial. You are applying for employment in the image industry. View these Websites for information on the interviewing wardrobe: and • Appropriate for position. • Fashionable and flattering. • Accessories fashionable and functional. • Hairstyle. Should be professional, current, and appropriate. • Makeup (if female). Properly applied and conservative, even if the salon is not. • Clean-shaven (if male). • Fragrance. Is your cologne, perfume, or aftershave subtle? • Handbag or brief case. Don’t carry both. Neither should be cluttered or dirty.

Dressed for Interview

Support Materials Resume Facts and figures Portfolio
SUPPORTING MATERIALS Resume. Even if you have already sent one, take another copy so it will be readily available. Facts and figures. The list of names, dates, etc., will help you. Portfolio.

Typical Interview Questions
What did you like best about your training? Are you punctual and regular in attendance? Will school director confirm your answer? What skills are your strongest? What skills are your weakest? TYPICAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONS. NOTE: Instructor should be prepared to discuss each question and students’ possible answers. What did you like best about your training? Are you punctual and regular in attendance? Will school director confirm that? NOTE: The school may require the student to give written authorization to release any type of information about the student. What skills do you feel are your strongest? What skills do you feel are your weakest?

Are you a team player? Please explain Are you flexible? Please explain What are your career goals? What days/hours are you available to work? Do you have your own transportation? Are you a team player? Please explain. Are you flexible? Please explain. What are your career goals? What days/hours are you available to work? Do you have your own transportation?

Are there any obstacles that would prevent you from keeping your commitment to full-time employment? What assets would you bring to the salon and the position? •Are there any obstacles that would prevent you from keeping your commitment to full-time employment? What assets would you bring to the salon and the position?

Who is the most interesting person you have met in your work/education experience and why? How would you handle a problem client? How do you feel about retailing? Who is the most interesting person you have met in your work/education experience and why? How would you handle a problem client? How do you feel about retailing?

Would you be willing to attend our company training program? Describe ways you provide excellent customer service Share an example of consultation questions you might ask a client What steps would you take to build a business and ensure clients return? Would you be willing to attend our company training program? Describe ways in which you feel you provide excellent customer service. Please share an example of consultation questions you might ask a client. What steps would you take to build a business and ensure clients return?

Practical Service at Interview
Confirm prior to interview whether you will be required to perform a service If so, make sure model is appropriately dressed and prepared PREPARING TO PERFORM A SERVICE Confirm if this is a requirement. If so, make sure model is appropriately dressed and prepared.

The Interview Be on time Project a warm, friendly smile
Walk, sit, stand with good posture Be polite and courteous Don’t sit until asked Don’t smoke or chew gum THE INTERVIEW Be on time. Check location ahead of time if you have not already been there. Project a warm, friendly smile. Walk, sit, stand with good posture. Be polite and courteous. Don’t sit until asked OR it is obvious that you are expected to. Don’t smoke or chew gum, even if offered. Don’t bring your own coffee, drink, or snacks.

The Interview Don’t lean on or touch interviewer’s desk
Appear confident Speak clearly Answer questions honestly Never criticize former employers Acknowledge interview with thanks Don’t lean on or touch interviewer’s desk. Appear confident; create a positive impression. Speak clearly. Answer questions honestly. Think answer through. Don’t speak for more than 2 minutes at a time. Never criticize former employers. Acknowledge interview with thanks.

An Interview in Progress

Questions for Interviewer
Is there a job description I may review? Is there a salon manual? How frequently does salon advertise? How long do employees typically work here? Are employees encouraged to grow in skill and responsibility? How? TYPICAL QUESTIONS YOU MAY ASK THE INTERVIEWER Is there a job description I may review? Is there a salon manual? How frequently does the salon advertise? How long do employees typically work here? Are employees encouraged to grow in skill and responsibility? How so?

Does salon offer continuing education opportunities? Is there room for advancement? What are the requirements for promotion? What benefits are offered Does salon offer continuing education opportunities? Is there room for advancement? What are requirements for promotion? What benefits does the salon offer (e.g., paid vacations, medical, personal days, etc.)?

What is the form of compensation? When will the position be filled? Should I follow up on your decision? What is the form of compensation? When will position be filled? Should I follow up on your decision?

Interview Follow-Up Write “thank you” note
Call (if suggested for you to do so) FOLLOW-UP Write “thank you” note. Write a simple thank you note for the time spent with you. Close with a positive statement that you want the job. If the decision comes down to two or three possibilities, the person expressing the most desire will likely get the job. Call, if it was suggested that you do so to find out about the employment decision.

Legal Aspects–Improper Questions
Race, religion, national origin Age or date of birth Disabilities or physical traits Drug use or smoking Citizenship LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE INTERVIEW: There are some questions that may not be included in an employment application or interview. Let’s discuss. Race, religion, national origin. Age or date of birth. It is permissible ask whether the applicant is younger than age 18. Disabilities or physical traits. ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) prohibits inquiries about health problems, disabilities, and medical conditions. Drug use or smoking. These questions are permitted. Employer may obtain your agreement to be bound by employer’s drug and smoking policies and to submit to drug testing. Citizenship. Employers cannot discriminate because an applicant is not a U.S. citizen.

Illegal Questions Legal Questions How old are you?
Describe your medical history Are you a U.S. citizen? What is your native tongue? Are you older than 18? Are you able to perform this job? Are you authorized to work in the U.S.? In which languages are you fluent? ILLEGAL QUESTIONS How old are you? Describe your medical history. Are you a U.S. Citizen? What is your native tongue? Some employers may not know they are asking illegal questions. You may choose to answer if asked or you can respond that you believe the question is irrelevant to the position you are seeking and you would rather focus on the qualities and skills that are suited for the job and the mission of the establishment. LEGAL QUESTIONS Are you over the age of 18? Are you able to perform this job? Are you authorized to work in the U.S.? In which languages are you fluent?

Tips for Success Learn about establishment Read industry journals
Attend trade shows DOING IT RIGHT: There are some important tips that will help you make the most of your new position. TIPS FOR SUCCESS: Use “down time” effectively. Learn about establishment. Read industry journals. Attend trade shows. Become an active participant in making this great industry even better.

Summary and Review What is the most important way for any learner to do well on any test? SUMMARY AND REVIEW: The time will come for you to actively pursue employment. Know your subject matter and master those important test-taking strategies we discussed. It’s important that you complete an inventory of your own personal characteristics and skills abilities in order to establish the type of salon you are best suited for. As we know, there are more jobs for entry-level employees than there are practitioners to fill them almost everywhere in the country. So you are really in the driver’s seat when it comes to looking for a job. You can seek a wide variety of salons and will likely be able to choose the one you like best rather than taking the first job that’s offered. We’ve covered some ideas on how to target salons, visit them, and evaluate their environment. It’s important that you are totally prepared for the job interview in dress and attitude. You must have prepared documents to aid you in the interview process: a resume that sizzles, a list of pertinent facts, and your well-prepared, dynamic employment portfolio. Finally, once you obtain that long-awaited position, learn everything you can about the company and your duties. Continue to grow and learn. Completion of your training is not an ending, but a beginning. Become a life-long learner and make a positive contribution to the wonderful industry you have chosen. Let’s review. • What is the most important way for any learner to do well on any test? ANSWER: To be thoroughly familiar with the applicable course content.

Summary and Review Explain deductive reasoning
List 5 steps learners should take prior to the actual examination to improve results Explain deductive reasoning. ANSWER: A process that allows learners to reach a logical conclusion by employing logical reasoning. List five steps learners should take prior to the actual examination to improve results. ANSWER: Be mentally ready. Develop a positive attitude toward test taking. Get rest the night before test. Dress comfortably. If unsure of the weather or climate, wear layers so you can adjust. Anticipate some anxiety. Feeling concerned about the test results may actually help you prepare better. Avoid cramming the night before. Cramming may harm your self-confidence or feeling of preparedness.

Summary and Review List at least 12 strategies learners can use on the day of the exam to improve results List at least 12 strategies learners can use on the day of the actual examination for improved results. ANSWER: Relax and slow down physically. Take deep breaths to calm yourself. Review material lightly. If possible, do so on the same day as the exam. Arrive early. Be alert, calm, and ready for the challenge; maintain a self-confident attitude. Read directions and listen carefully. Ask if you do not understand. Skim test before beginning. Budget time. Do not spend too much time on any one question. Wear a watch to monitor time. Begin as soon as possible. Mark the answers quickly but carefully. Answer easiest questions first. Skimming allows you to identify those that may be more difficult. Mark skipped questions so you can find them quickly when you go back to them later. Read questions carefully. Make sure you understand all parts of the question. Answer as many questions as possible. For questions you are unsure of, guess or estimate. Look over finished test. Make sure you have read all questions correctly and have answered as many as possible. Change answers with good reason only. Check test or test booklet carefully before turning it in. Make sure your name is entered correctly. Check to make sure you answered all questions to the best of your ability, etc.

Summary and Review When considering a statement on a true/false test, why are long statements more likely to be true than shorter ones? When considering a statement on a true/false test, why are long statements more likely to be true than shorter statements? ANSWER: It takes more detail to provide the truthful, factual data.

Summary and Review Name and describe at least 5 types of salon businesses Name and describe at least five types of salon businesses. ANSWER: Small independent salons. Owned by an individual or two or more partners; 3 to 40 chairs; owners are generally practitioners; image and decor reflect owner’s experience and taste. Independent salon chains. Owned by an individual or two or more partners; range from basic to full service and day spas; offer everything from low-priced to very high-priced services; may have specialty technicians and education/styles directors. Large national salon chains. Budget to high priced; haircut-only to full service; decor, location, hours, etc., determined by corporate office; offer secure pay and benefits, paid training, management opportunities, and corporate advertising. Franchise salons. Owned by individuals who pay a fee to use the name and obtain a business plan. Size, location, decor, and pricing are determined by parent company; usually not owned by practitioners, but by investors; offer benefits similar to large national salon chains. Basic value-priced operations. Located in low-rent strip centers anchored by nearby large business; high volume of walk-in traffic; hire new graduates; often pay by hour or hourly plus commission; average price of haircut is $15; practitioners trained to work fast with no frills; texture and color services are limited if offered at all. Mid-priced full-service salons. Offer complete menu of services; run strong marketing programs; encourage repeat clients and referrals; give more time to consultations and allow relationship building. High-end day spas. Employ well-trained practitioners and salon assistants; offer luxurious extras; located in trendy, upscale sections of large cities or elegant mansions, high-rent office buildings, or hotels. Booth rental establishments. Rent space in an existing salon; least expensive way to go into business for yourself.

Summary and Review List up to 8 strategies helpful in writing a resume
List up to eight strategies that you will find helpful when writing your resume. ANSWER: Make it easy to read. Use concise, clear sentences and avoid overwriting or flowery prose. Know your audience. Use the vocabulary and language used by your potential employer. Keep it short. Keep the overall length to one or two pages. Stress accomplishments. Emphasize past accomplishments and skills used to achieve desired results. Center on career goals. Focus on information that is relevant to your own career goals or the position sought. Emphasize transferable skills. Stress the skills you have already obtained which are transferable to support your current career goals. Use action verbs. Begin accomplishment statements with action verbs such as achieved, coordinated, developed, increased, maintained, and strengthened rather than with a personal pronoun. Make it neat. A poorly structured, badly typed resume is a reflection of you.

Summary and Review List at least 6 things to avoid when developing your resume List at least six things you should avoid when developing your resume. ANSWER: Avoid salary references. Don’t state your salary history or reason for leaving your former employment. No photos. Don’t enclose a photograph (you may look like someone the reader dislikes). Don’t stretch the truth. Misinformation or untruthful statements will inevitably catch up with you. Don’t include personal references. Potential employers are really only interested in references who can speak to your professional ability. Avoid the personal. Don’t use references to hobbies or memberships that are not business related. Don’t expect too much. Don’t hold any unreasonable expectations of what a resume can accomplish. The potential employer is looking to hire a person, not a resume!

Summary and Review List several items that should be included in your professional portfolio List several items that should be included in your professional portfolio. ANSWER: Diplomas, both secondary and post-secondary. Awards and achievements while completing the practitioner course. Current resume focusing on accomplishments. Letters of reference from former employers. Synopsis of continuing education and/or copies of actual training certificates. Statement of professional affiliations (memberships in industry organizations). Statement of relevant civic affiliations and/or activities. Before and after photographs of services you have performed on clients or models. A brief statement about why you have chosen a career in cosmetology. Any other relevant information.

Summary and Review Briefly summarize the preliminary things to consider before beginning your salon search Briefly summarize the preliminary things you should consider before beginning your salon search. ANSWER: Accept that you probably won’t begin where you ultimately want to be. It might not be possible for your first job or position to be where you want to end up. Don’t wait until graduation to begin your search. If you do, it is probable that you will take the first offer you receive and that really may not be the most suitable establishment for you. Locate an establishment that serves the type of clients you wish to serve. You may not be afforded the opportunity of starting exactly where you want to be. However, your experience there will be more beneficial to you if it relates to your ultimate career goals. Obtain a list of area salons or establishments. The yellow pages will be your best source for this list. You may desire to relocate to another area. The local library will probably have available the phone books you would need to compile your list. The Internet may also be useful for this task. Watch for advertising by the various salons. Watch for consistency; evaluate the quality of the ad; consider what market the ad is targeting and so forth.

Summary and Review What can be accomplished by visiting a salon prior to an interview? In your own words, explain what can be accomplished by visiting a salon prior to an employment interview. ANSWER: Visiting salons prior to an employment interview allows you to begin a process called networking. It allows you to establish contacts and distinguish between establishments.

Summary and Review Why are “thank you” notes important even if you visit a salon where you do not wish to become employed? Why are “thank you” notes important even if you visit a salon where you do not wish to become employed? ANSWER: You should never burn your bridges, but rather build a network of contacts who have a favorable opinion of you. You never know when the future will find you working together in some capacity or another.

Summary and Review List 12 important interview behaviors
List 12 important interview behaviors that you should practice. ANSWER: Always be on time. If you are unsure of the location, be sure to find it the day before so there will be no reason for delays. Project a warm, friendly smile. Smiling is the universal language. Walk, sit, and stand with good posture. Be polite and courteous. Don’t sit until asked or it is obvious that you are expected to do so. Don’t smoke or chew gum even if either is offered to you. Don’t lean or touch the interviewer’s desk. People are often territorial and do not like their personal space invaded without invitation. Concentrate on appearing confident and create a positive first impression. Speak clearly. The interviewer must be able to hear and understand you. Answer questions honestly. Think the question and the answer through carefully. Don’t speak before you are ready and don’t speak for more than 2 minutes at a time. Never criticize former employers. Acknowledge the interview with thanks.

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Milady’s Standard Cosmetology

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