1. Implement
Food Safety
Procedures
SITXFSA001A
DHS & MB V

2. Revision from Lesson 4 Any questions? What is a micro-organism?
What are the 6 major pathogenic bacteria in
Australia that cause food poisoning?
What are their food types and preventative measures?
How are spores different to bacteria?
DHS & MB V

3. Lesson 5 Outline Handout: 7 Principles / Steps of HACCP Homework:
2nd Homework Task: Food Safety Standards (due last week)
To obtain a personal copy of The Food Standards Code,
Chapter 3, Standards & & &
Downloaded from:
Note: there is a very informative ‘guide’ to Standard
Food Safety Programs (56 pages), 1st edition June 2007,
- strongly advise you obtain a copy for your reference.
Slides:
7 Principles / Steps of HACCP
CCP’s.
Process Flow Diagrams Activity.
Food Preparation and Future Use or Consumption PFD Activity
(C or N) - due next lesson.
DHS & MB V

4. The 7 Steps / Principles of HACCP
1. Hazard Analysis / Identification
2. Critical Control Points (CCP’s) or Critical Steps
3. Critical Limits
4. Monitoring
5. Corrective Actions
6. Recording
7. Validation / Verification
DHS & MB V

5. Process Flow Charts CCP’s
Purchasing / Ordering
Transporting / Delivering
Receiving
Dry Storage
Cold Storage
Frozen Storage
Thawing Food
Preparing
Processing
Cooking Food
Chilling Food
Reheating Prepared Food
Cold Holding
Hot Holding
Serving
Displaying
Self Service
Food Packaging
DHS & MB V

6. CCP example: Purchasing and Receiving
Always buy from a registered supplier.
Store foods quickly after receiving a delivery.
Do not be tempted to buy discounted out-of-date food.
Check use-by and best-before dates.
Make sure foods are clearly labelled.
Foods must be free of pests.
Ensure packaging is not damaged.
Delivery vehicle and premises are clean & well maintained.
Chemicals are not stored with foods.
Frozen food is solid.
High-risk food is below 5°C.
Food must be checked for:
Quality / quantity / size.
DHS & MB V

7. DHS & MB V

8. CCP examples - Purchasing and Receiving
What do you need to check?
Check that packaging is not damaged.
Why do you need to check this?
Damaged packaging may let germs onto the food, or there might be a sign that insects or rodents
have been able to contaminate the food inside.
How do I avoid this problem?
Write to the supplier regarding the condition of food.
What do you do if something goes wrong?
Reject packaging in damaged packaging and return
to supplier.
DHS & MB V

9. CCP example - Transporting Food
Transport food under temperature control.
Protect food from the likelihood of contamination.
Only use a dedicated (specifically designed) vehicle
for regular food transport.
Store in appropriate food storage containers.
Avoid second-hand foam or cardboard containers.
Utensils, crockery and cutlery need to be
protected from contamination.
Ensure the doors of the vehicle are not left open
during delivery.
DHS & MB V

10. CCP example - Food Storage
Ensure that all surfaces such as walls, floors,
ceilings and shelves are thoroughly cleaned
and well maintained.
Store foods in original packaging, sealable air-tight containers
or covered to protect the food from contamination.
Ensure that containers are food-grade.
Do not store food on the floor.
Check use-by dates.
Remove any foods when the use-by-date has expired.
Rotate stock using the “first-in, first-out” principle.
Date and label foods that are not in their original
packaging.
DHS & MB V

11. CCP example - Dry Storage
Do not store dry goods in direct sunlight. It is best
to have no windows because of this reason.
Keep well ventilated - free from moisture and humidity.
Regularly check for the presence of pests.
Ensure that foods are stored correctly.
The dry goods is a good area to store packaging,
provided packaging is free from contamination.
DHS & MB V

12. CCP example - Cold Storage
Regularly check temperatures are between 0 and 5°C.
Keep doors closed.
Door seals are to be clean and undamaged.
Raw foods stored below ready-to-eat foods.
Do not overload.
Do not store foods in opened cans as the metal
from the can may enter the food.
Store food in a way that ensures adequate
air circulation.
DHS & MB V

13. CCP example - Thawing Food
Plan ahead.
Thaw frozen food in the refrigerator or cool room.
Thaw frozen food below ready-to-eat food.
Do not defrost more than you need.
Do not re-freeze.
Protect thawing foods by covering them.
Time – at least 24 hours.
Note: microwave ovens can be used for quick thawing: however
foods that are thawed this way should be cooked immediately.
DHS & MB V

14. CCP example - Preparing / Processing
Staff to follow all hygiene procedures.
Keep raw food away from ready-to-eat foods.
Ensure all utensils are in good condition.
Thoroughly clean and sanitise all equipment.
Use disposable spoons for tasting.
Wash fruit and vegetables.
Avoid cross-contamination.
Limit preparation time of high-risk food to 1 hour.
Note: visual observation by supervisors should ensure that staff follow
all preparation procedures.
DHS & MB V

15. CCP example - Cooking All high-risk foods must be cooked to a required
core temperature (usually 75°C).
There are exceptions, for example, cooking fish or solid pieces
of red meat (cutlets, steaks and roasts) to customer preference.
Note: Reference Food Safety Program Template Supplementary Practices Section (No.1, V2).
Food poisoning bacteria may be present in undercooked foods.
Contamination from poor hygiene and incorrect
cleaning may occur.
Physical contamination may occur from damaged equipment .
Ideally high-risk food should be cooked without
interrupting the process.
DHS & MB V

16. CCP example - Chilling Food
Chill food:
To below 21°C within 2 hours, then from 21°C
to below 5°C within a maximum of 4 hours.
Divide food into small portions or transfer food
into shallow containers to chill faster.
Cover food whilst chilling.
A ‘blast chiller’ must bring all food above 70°C
down below 5°C within 90 minutes.
If it is not achieving this, then it needs be serviced
by an accredited repairer to work at peak efficiency.
DHS & MB V

17. CCP example - Reheating
Reheat food to above 75°C.
Hold it at this temperature
for at least 2 minutes.
Reheat food rapidly.
Food can only be reheated once.
DHS & MB V

18. CCP example - Cold Holding
Ensure the food display is supervised.
Provide separate serving utensils.
Provide protective barriers.
Display at below 5°C.
Food must be protected from the likelihood
of contamination.
DHS & MB V

19. CCP example - Hot Holding
Clean and preheat the Bain-Marie before use.
Reheat food to above 75°C.
Freshly roasted red meats can be rare, <60°C.
Use a temperature setting that keeps food hotter
than 60°C.
Use a clean, calibrated thermometer to check the
temperature.
Ensure the food temperature does not fall below
60°C.
Do not overload the Bain-Marie.
Do not “Top up”, instead replace the whole tray.
Do not let labels or price tags touch the food.
DHS & MB V

20. CCP example - Serving and Displaying
Serve food as quickly as possible.
Ensure food handling staff are trained.
Use a clean and sanitised thermometer to
ensure food is at appropriate temperature.
Allow a separate utensil for each food.
Apply 2 hour / 4 hour rule.

21. CCP example - Food Packaging
Check for any damaged packaging materials.
Store packaging material in a safe, clean place.
Make sure that the area used for packing
is clean and sanitary.
Only use material that is not likely to cause food
contamination.
Be aware of the time taken to package any
high-risk foods.
DHS & MB V

22. What are the 6 major CCP’s
for WAI Students?
Receiving
Storage (Cold, Frozen, Dry and Chemical)
Preparing / Processing
Cooking
Holding (Cold and Hot)
Serving
DHS & MB V

23. Process Flow Chart for a salad Receiving Cold Storage Preparing
Serving

24. Process Flow Chart for a frozen fish Receiving Frozen Storage
Preparing
Thawing
Cooking
Serving

25. Process Flow Chart for a sauce Receiving Dry Storage Cold Storage
Preparing
Cooking
Chilling
Cold Storage
Re-Heating
Serving
Hot-Holding

26. Process Flow Chart for an average meal Receiving Dry Storage
Cold Storage
Frozen Storage
Process
Flow
Chart
for an
average
meal
Preparing
Thawing
Cooking
Chilling
Cold Storage
Re-Heating
Discarding
Serving
Hot-Holding

27. Process Flow Diagram Question
Ordering
Transporting
Receiving
Dry Storage Cold/frozen Storage
Preparing
Cooked
Cooling Cold/frozen Storage
What is wrong with this Reheat
Process Flow Diagram? Serving
(Return of leftover food)
DHS & MB V

28. Process Flow Diagram Activity (PFD)
1. 5 groups write down their specific scenario, which includes a food type
and the process it goes through in your food business.
These are:
a) A chicken breast is received at 8.30am, stored for 5 days and then cooked
and served at 1.15pm at 64C.
b) Beef mince is received at 8.45am, stored and then cooked as a lasagne,
allowed to cool at room temperature for 5 hours, stored and served at 7.45pm.
c) Potatoes are received at 10.30am, stored, made into a potato salad
with mayonnaise, covered and left out at room temperature for 5 hours
and served at 7.00pm on a buffet.
d) Rice is received at 10.00am, stored, cooked at 11.30am,
half is served at 12.15pm on a buffet in a bain marie and half is
served at 7.15pm on a buffet as wok-tossed special fried rice,
after being left out to cool for 5 hours.
e) Eggs are received at 7.00am, stored at room temperature until
11.30am, made into a fresh hollandaise sauce and used over the next
4 hours, stored at 58C on top of a bain marie and then discarded.
- You must then as a group produce a relevant PFD from your
scenario as detailed on the next slide 
DHS & MB V

29. Process Flow Diagram Activity (PFD) continued
2. You must individually draw a draft of the PFD, to use as personal
reference material when you are revising for the final tests for this unit.
Note: you must include the safe way (from start to finish) and what went wrong
– so what should have occurred (as CCP’s)!
3. You must include all relevant Critical Control Points (CCP’s).
CCP’s that can be included in your PFD are Ordering; Purchasing;
Transporting; Delivering; Receiving; Storage; Preparing; Processing;
Cooking; Chilling; Hot or Cold Holding; Reheating; Packaging;
Displaying; Serving; and Disposing.
Each CCP must be in a box and include an arrow between each in
the direction(s) it would go as per the specific food businesses procedures.
The maximum time allowed for steps 2 and 3 is 10 minutes.
4. Each group will present and explain their PFD to the rest of the class on
the whiteboard. Note: use different colours for correct and incorrect methods.
The maximum time allowed for each group is 5 minutes.
DHS & MB V

30. DHS & MB V

31. Principle/Step 3 - Critical Limits (benchmarks)
Set Critical Limits (benchmarks) by identifying the means
to control hazards (eliminate or reduce a hazard to an
acceptable level).
Not all steps are critical.
Commercial realities should be taken into account.
A CCP ‘Decision Tree’ promotes structured thinking
and consistent approach:
DHS & MB V

32. Q1- Are control measures in place for the hazard?
Principle 2 No
Yes
Not a CCP - Stop
Q2-Is the step designed to eliminate or reduce a hazard to an acceptable level? No
Yes
Q3- could contamination occur or increase to unacceptable level
CCP Decision Tree No
Yes
CCP
Not a CCP - Stop
Q4 -Are control measures in place for the hazard No
Yes
Not a CCP - Stop

33. Principle/Step 3 - Critical Limits (benchmarks)
Know its intended use:
- intended customer.
This defines specific customer requirements.
- when, where and how are you producing food?
- where do you serve the food?
- how long are the shelf-life of goods and dry goods?
Note: buying in bulk is not always the correct method.
Do not overload fridges, freezers and the dry stores.
Know your limits!!
- mode of final consumption
DHS & MB V

34. Principle/Step 3 - Critical Limits (benchmarks)
The absolute tolerance for safety.
A criterion which separates acceptability from unacceptability.
The boundary of safety.
Critical Limits must be measurable.
They must be validated.
Relates to the preventatives measures.
DHS & MB V

35. Questions What are the 6 major CCP’s for WAI students?
What is a Critical Control Point?
What is a Process Flow Chart?
DHS & MB V

36. Next week in Lesson 6
Monitoring Processes.
Food Preparation and Future Use or Consumption PFD Activity
(C or N) - due this lesson.
Calibration and thermometers:
including a practical demonstration / activity,
so bring your own thermometers with you to class.
Note: you need to bring your Food Standards with you next
week for a class activity.
DHS & MB V