1. Rights and responsibilities Environmental and medical issues
Religion and Society!
Rights and responsibilities
Environmental and medical issues
Peace and Conflict
Crime and Punishment

2. Rights and responsibilities

3. Key Words Bible: Church: Conscience: Situation Ethics:.
Electoral Processes:
Democratic Processes:
Political Party:
Pressure Group:
Social Change:
Human Rights:
Decalogue:
Golden Rule:

4. Key Words
Bible: The Holy Book of Christianity made up of the 66 books of the Old and the New Testament
Church: The community of Christian believers (small ‘c’ refers to the building).
Conscience: An inner feeling of what is right or wrong.
Situation Ethics: The idea that Christians should base moral decisions on what is the most loving thing to do.
Electoral Processes: The ways in which voting is organised.
Democratic Processes: The ways in which local citizens can take part in government.
Political Party: A group which tries to be elected into power based on its policies.
Pressure Group: Groups formed to influence government policies on particular issues.
Social Change: The way in which society has changed and is changing.
Human Rights: The rights and freedoms to which everyone is entitled.
Decalogue: The Ten Commandments.
Golden Rule: Jesus’ teaching to treat others as we would like to be treated.

5. Some: Interpreted today for Christians by Church.
All Christians agree that the Bible is the best way to find out what God wants them to do in their lives.
Contains the teachings of early church leaders like St. Paul.
Contains God’s teachings e.g. The Decalogue
Contains the teachings of Jesus on life. (Parables)
Some: Absolute word of God: The only and final authority for Christians
Some: Interpreted today for Christians by Church.
Others: Only a guide written by humans - allowed to be interpreted to fit with today’s society.
Different beliefs about the authority of the Bible.

6. Most: Believe that God speaks to the world today through the church.
CHRUCH: The community of Christians (small c = place of worship).
Church of England:
Elect an assembly to decide on moral issues.
Roman Catholic Church: Have leaders that make moral decisions. (Pope and Bishops)
Most: How Jesus, Son of God, works in the world, so it has authority of Jesus.
Most: Believe that God speaks to the world today through the church.
Guided by God so able to make decisions.
Sure they are doing the right thing.
Why the Church has authority.

7. This feelings of guilt is your conscience.
The role of conscience.
All humans have a conscience which makes them feel guilty if they do things which they regard as wrong, e.g.. If you do something your parents disapprove of, you may feel guilty afterwards.
This feelings of guilt is your conscience.

8. The Church says that Christians should follow their conscience.
WHEN.
WHY.
Christians follow their conscience?
Christians believe the voice of conscience seems to be the same as the voice of God so it should be followed.
The Church says that Christians should follow their conscience.
Catholic Church teach:
Final part of moral decision making.
They should go with their conscience even if it goes against the church.

9. Why do some Christians think they shouldn’t always follow their conscience?
People have been mistaken about the voice of God, e.g. The Yorkshire Ripper claimed that God had told him to kill prostitutes.
If Christians follow the teachings of the Bible and the Church they know they are doing the Christian thing, so don’t need to rely on conscience.

10. This is a Christian idea from Joseph Fletcher.
Situation Ethics
Many Christians who believe that conscience is more important than the Bible or Church probably follow situation ethics.
This is a Christian idea from Joseph Fletcher.
Accepting the Bible or Church means things are either right or wrong whatever the situation. Fletcher felt this was wrong and that Christians should base their moral decisions on Jesus’ commandment to love your neighbour as yourself and on the situation.
IF WE USED IT?
Should a Christian attend a homosexual wedding?

11. Why some Christians follow situation ethics:
Jesus seemed to follow situation ethics because He over-ruled what the Old Testament said when he thought it was unloving; e.g. He healed on the Sabbath
They think you should only do what will produce good results.
They believe that Jesus’ statement that the only laws are to love God and your neighbour means that Christians should always do what will have the most loving results.
Why some Christians won’t follow situation ethics:
They think God wouldn’t have given laws in the Bible if they were not to be followed.
They think the Church knows best what Christians should do.
They claim you never know all the facts about a situation, so the most loving thing might not be if you knew more facts or all the consequences of your actions.

12. UN HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1948! FREEDOM FROM SLAVERY
Rights and freedoms that every human is entitled to!
FREEDOM FROM SLAVERY
FREEDOM OF BELIEF AND RELIGION
RIGHT TO AN EDUCATION!
RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN GOVERNMENT THROUGH VOTING!

13. CAN GO TO COURT IF BROKEN
MADE A PART OF UK LAW IN 1998
CAN GO TO COURT IF BROKEN
EVERYONE ENTITLED TO THEM

14. “From one human being He created all races on earth and made them live throughout the whole earth”. (Acts 17:26)

15. FAIR TREATMENT! THE GOOD SAMARITAN! Luke 10:25-37 Healing a Leper
Helping/Teaching prostitutes and Tax collectors
Helping the Roman Soldiers

16. CHRISTIAN DESMOND TUTU!
“Christian worship can never let us be indifferent to the needs of others…To speak of God, you must speak to your neighbour…He does not tolerate a relationship with himself that excludes your neighbour”.

17. A GROUP FORMED TO INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT POLICY ON A PARTICULAR ISSUE!
FATHERS 4 JUSTICE!
A GROUP FORMED TO INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT POLICY ON A PARTICULAR ISSUE!

18. Puts the squeeze on the Government!
UNITE against racism!
Puts the squeeze on the Government!
DRAWS ATTENTION!

19. Electoral Processes: The ways in which voting is organised!
Democratic Processes: The ways in which all citizens can take part in government!
Electoral Processes: The ways in which voting is organised!
No matter who gets into power we end of with the same policies.
A chance to say how things are run!
You cannot complain if you do not take part!
Voting – That is what living in a democracy means.
ONE VOTE WILL NOT MAKE A DIFFERENCE!
You need to vote because the choices governments make will affect your life.

20. “DO FOR OTHERS WHAT YOU WANT THEM TO DO FOR YOU”! Matthew 7:12

21. “Rich people who see a brother and sister in need, yet close their hearts against them, cannot claim that they love God” 1 John 3:11-18

22. Whenever you helped “one of the least important members of my family, you did it for me” Matthew 24:31-46
Someone who is sick, in prison, poor, homeless, upset etc

24. GENETIC ENGINEERING: Removal of DNA from a plant or animal, altering it and putting it back again.
CLONING: A form of genetic engineering that produces a duplicate of the parent

25. May have long term health issues
Mixing plant and animal DNA is unnatural and totally wrong!
May have long term health issues
Adapting a living organism = PLAYING AT BEING GOD!

26. Could be used to remove damaged cells and make a them healthy!
The possibilities are to good to miss! Mistakes may happen but the final result is worth it!
GM SEEDS: Help us produce food for a hungry growing world!

27. ONLY GOD IS PERFECT! PROTESTANTS ROMAN CATHOLIC
ONLY GOD CREATES LIFE!!!!!
NO RIGHT TO ALTER GODS CREATION!
EVERYTHING IS PLANNED! Including our genetic make-up!
ONLY GOD IS PERFECT!
PROTESTANTS
MAY AGREE WITH ALL IF IT IS IN THE LONG TERM INTEREST OF HUMANITY!
Medical Research must be trying to improve the quality of a persons life for it to be acceptable!
ROMAN CATHOLIC
SEEDS, PLANTS and ANIMALS for the greater good of humanity.
HUMANS CELLS???? NO WAY!!!
HUMANS ARE MADE IN GODS IMAGE = SPECIAL!!!!
Jesus healed people. GE is just a modern version of this!
Science comes from God, ergo, WE ARE MEANT TO USE IT!
Could be used for GOOD?

28. RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
You must answer one question from this section.
EITHER
(a) What is Situation Ethics? (2)
(b) Do you think pressure groups should be made illegal?
Give two reasons for your point of view (4)
(c) Explain how the Bible is used by Christians in moral decision making. (8)
(d) ‘No good can come from genetic engineering.’
In your answer you should refer to Christianity.
(i) Do you agree? Give reasons for your opinion (3)
(ii) Give reasons why some people may disagree with you. (3)
Total for Question 1 = 20 marks OR
(a) What are democratic processes? (2)
(b) Do you think Christians should accept cloning?
Give two reasons for your point of view (4)
(c) Explain why human rights matter to Christians (8)
(d) ‘Conscience is the best guide a Christian has when making a moral decision.’
(i) Do you agree? Give reasons for your opinion (3)
(ii) Give reasons why some people may disagree with you (3)
Total for Question 2 = 20 marks

29. Environmental and medical issues
Global Warming, Pollution and the problem this causes.
Infertility Treatment and religious attitudes towards it.
Transplant Surgery and religious attitudes towards it.

30. Key Words Global Warming: Natural Resources: Creation: Environment:
Stewardship:
Conservation:
Artificial Insemination:
Embryo:
Infertility:
In-vitro Fertilisation (IVF):
Surrogacy:
Organ Donation:

31. Key Words
Global Warming: The increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere (thought to be caused by the greenhouse effect).
Natural Resources: Naturally occurring materials for example oil and fertile land which can be used by humans.
Creation: The act of creating the universe, or the universe which has been created.
Environment: The surroundings in which plants and animals live and on which they depend to continue living.
Stewardship: Looking after something so it can be passed on to the next generation.
Conservation: Protecting and preserving natural resources and the environment.
Artificial Insemination: Injecting semen into the uterus (womb) by artificial methods.
Embryo: A fertilised egg in the first eight weeks after conception.
Infertility: Not being able to have children.
In-vitro Fertilisation (IVF): The method of fertilising an egg in a test tube.
Surrogacy: An arrangement where a woman bears a child for another woman.
Organ Donation: Giving organs to be used in transplant surgery.

32. Global Warming
The increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere (thought to be caused by the greenhouse effect)

33. IMPACT? CLIMATE CHANGE More wars! More refugees
Extreme weather is becoming more EXTREME!
Sea levels are rising, seasons changing.
Glaciers melt! Sea ice is disappearing.
CLIMATE CHANGE
IMPACT?
More flooding
More droughts
More diseases
More famine
3 minute min map/bullet point activity
What is the impact of Global warming on the world?
Pupils to discuss and record points made. After 1minute give 30 second warning if needed.
As a class – pupils feedback – merit for good understanding etc
Display specialist/exam grade responses on the board.
Explain how all causes or ‘impacts’ link! Exam warning expand answers as done on slide!
More wars!
More refugees
Destruction of ecosystems

34. Natural Climate Change
BURNING FOSSIL FUELS!
Solar Activity
Natural Climate Change
CAUSES?
Teacher to question about actions of Greenpeace!
Pupils to complete a causes Mind Map/Bullet point task:
Feedback – Promote good answers.
Give three main FACTORS
Vehicles in the UK pump out lots of greenhouse gases.
Aviation – fastest growing cause of climate change.
2/3rd of energy generated in the UK power stations is lost as waste through chimneys and cooling towers.

35. Individuals, Government, Scientists
“The good news is that we know exactly what needs to be done to stop climate change”
Individuals, Government, Scientists
SOLUTIONS?
CUT CARBON EMISSIONS
Low-carbon cars
Reducing use of fossil fuels
3 minute min map/bullet point activity
What are the solutions to global warming?
1 minute as pairs
Whole class feedback
Praise good responses
Give main solution
Cut Carbon Emissions by;
Inventing new technology and ways to generate power.
Develop low carbon cars and use less fossil fuels.
Use items that are energy efficient. e.g. Light bulbs.
Use energy-saving light bulbs etc
New technology

36. Raw sewage and radioactive waste have been discharged into the sea.
Pollution
LAND
25 million tonnes of rubbish a year are dumped on streets and along the side of the road.
Every person in the UK throws away four times their body weight in rubbish a year.
AIR
Cars are the biggest cause of air pollution. They emit a variety of pollutants, including carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons.
SEA
Raw sewage and radioactive waste have been discharged into the sea.

37. Natural Resources Over Fishing Rainforests Fossil Fuels Renewable
Non-Renewable
Over Fishing
Rainforests
Fossil Fuels

38. SOLUTION? CONSERVATION REPLACE WHAT IS USED SUSTAINABLE LIVES! Local
“Do I really need to buy this?!”
LESS DAMAGE TO THE ENVIRONMENT
CONSERVATION
REPLACE WHAT IS USED
Pupils to complete a causes Mind Map/Bullet point task:
Feedback – Promote good answers.
Three solutions:
Recycle
Buy Fairtrade products that promotes small companies and independent farmers and causes less damage to the environment.
Think before you buy. Avoid packaging.
SUSTAINABLE LIVES!

39. Christians, Islam and the Environment
Stewardship: Looking after something so it can be passed on to the next generation.
KHALIFAH: Responsibility that Allah has given Muslims to care for the world; the person who acts as Allah’s steward on earth.
“God looked at everything he had made , and was very pleased”. (Genesis 1.31)
“But waste not by excess: for God loves not the wasters”. (6:141)
OLD TESTAMENT RULES!
Working animals must rest one day a week.
Fruit trees must not be destroyed when attacking a city.
Land must be rested on the seventh year.
QUR’AN: Allah created the world and everything in it for a purpose; it is part of Allah’s plan. Everything in existence is interlinked, we are all part of ’one’. Damage upsets a link in the chain and that harms the planet.
Jesus taught through the Sermon on the Mount that it is every Christians duty to share the worlds resources fairly and with care!

40. IVF Egg donation In-vitro fertilization known as IVF
Egg and sperm are taken from a couple, fertilized in a laboratory and then placed in the womb. This helps women with medical problems, such as blocked fallopian tubes, to conceive.
Artificial insemination by husband known as AIH
Sperm is taken from the husband and placed in the woman’s uterus. This can help couples who have difficulty conceiving for no obvious reason.
Artificial insemination by donor known as AID
Sperm Donor
Sperm donated to a clinic is placed in the woman’s uterus. This can help couples where the male is infertile – unable to have children.
Egg donation
A fertilized egg is created in the laboratory using an egg donated by another woman but using the partner’s sperm. This is of help when a woman does not ovulate.

41. Christianity and IVF Attitude For or Against?
It is an act of great kindness to help a women to conceive a longed for child and to remove her suffering.
The IVF process involves the creation of several fertilized eggs. Not all eggs will be implanted in the women the rest will be destroyed. They believe it is wrong to destroy life.
Medical research must refrain from operations on live embryos. This is considered a grave sin.
The emotional needs of couples who are eager to have children have forced us to re-examine traditional beliefs.
Understand that a child is God’s gift to a couple conceived as a result of a loving sexual relationship anything else is unnatural and not what God intended.
If God gives us the ability to help infertile couples we should use it. The Bible contains a story of God bringing happiness to a infertile woman by giving her a child.

42. Surrogacy and Egg Donation = SAME CHILD HAS THE RIGHT TO IDENTITY!
Islam and IVF
Decision’s about fertility treatment in Islam consider whether adultery
is involved.
Sperm Donor
AID: Not acceptable – Like adultery as man is not married to the woman. The Qur’an teaches that everyone has the right to Lineage.
Surrogacy and Egg Donation = SAME
IVF: Acceptable as long as the egg and sperm belong to the husband. Extra embryos can be destroyed but only BEFORE 120 DAYS!
AIH
ACCEPTABLE!
CHILD HAS THE RIGHT TO IDENTITY!
Adoption!!!

43. Transplant Surgery
It would be fantastic if something amazing came out of my death. Knowing that my death is going to help others live a good life makes me happy!
I think giving life is far better than wasting organs that would otherwise be buried or cremated.
Operations like transplant surgery cost a fortune. The money should be spent on curing the disease or changing the way people live. Lots more people would benefit from this!
I want to be buried with all my own body parts. I don’t think it is right for people to take parts of me when I am dead.

44. Transplant Surgery: Organ Donation
DEAD!
Lungs, Heart, Liver, Eyes, Skin etc
One dead donor saves 9 lives and helps many others.
donor
ALIVE!
Kidney, Blood, Bone Marrow etc.
This often has little impact on the donor and is often donated to sick family members.

45. Christianity and Transplant Surgery
The Bible states that humans are created by God in his images. People have NO RIGHT to interfere with God’s creation.
Some Christians believe that God will resurrect people into their bodies at the end of the world and DO NOT agree with transplanting organs.
Some Christians say: When we have two organs, giving one is okay because it is following Jesus' teachings of loving your neighbour.
Most Christians believe that the gift of life is precious and it is right to make every effort to preserve life.
The Golden Rule teaches Christians to treat others as they would like to be treated themselves. For some, this teaching makes organ donations acceptable.

46. Islam and Transplant Surgery
The Qur’an teaches that on the Last Day, Allah will resurrect everybody bodily. It is understood that nothing should be removed from a person’s body after death.
Allah is the creator of life and he has a plan for everyone. Humans have no right to alter Allah’s plan about life and death.
Islam teaches that it is every Muslim’s duty to alleviate suffering and save life. Organ donation and transplant can do this.
In Islam, Organ donation on a living donor may be permitted, so long as it does not risk the donor’s life. In fact it is considered an act of charity.
Some (very few) Muslims believe that all forms of transplant surgery is acceptable because Shariah Laws it can save lives and is a God given technology.

48. Peace and Conflict The United Nations Religion and world peace
Just War
Religious attitude towards war.
Religious attitude towards bullying.
Conflict in the family.
Religious teachings on forgiveness and reconciliation.

49. Key Words Weapons of Mass Destruction: Pacifism: Just War:
Conflict Resolution:
United Nations:
Aggression:.
Exploitation:
Respect:
World Peace:
Bullying:
Forgiveness:
Reconciliation:

50. Key Words
Weapons of Mass Destruction: Weapons that can destroy large areas
and kill huge numbers of people.
Pacifism: A belief that all disputes should be settled by peaceful means.
Just War: A war that is fought in a right way and for the right reasons.
Conflict Resolution: Bringing a fight or struggle to a peaceful conclusion.
United Nations: An international body set up to promote world peace
and cooperation.
Aggression: Attacking without being provoked.
Exploitation: Taking advantage of a weaker group.
Respect: Treating a person or their feelings with consideration.
World Peace: The ending of war throughout the whole world (basic aim of the UN).
Bullying: Intimidating or frightening people who are weaker than yourself.
Forgiveness: Stopping blaming someone and/or pardoning a person for what they have done wrong.
Reconciliation: bringing together people who were opposed to each other

51. UN UNICEF: Children’s Fun
UN basic aims:
1: To maintain international peace and security
2: To develop friendly relations between countries.
3: To help countries develop economically and socially. UN
Peace = RESPECT for life, human dignity, human rights and the rejection of violence along with a commitment to freedom, justice and friendship.
RESOLVE CONFLICTS:
Peace negotiations
Providing a neutral force to support peace
PREVENT CONFLICTS:
Negotiators
Tackle the causes of war. E.g. economic poverty.
UNICEF: Children’s Fun
UNESCO: Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organisation

52. PACIFISM AND NON-VIOLENCE
World Peace
THE QUAKERS
PACIFISM AND NON-VIOLENCE
Work with the UN to reconcile warring states.
Campaign against nuclear weapons
Work to tackle the causes of conflict – poverty etc
Try to influence foreign policy

53. “War may be necessary. Refusing to fight would allow evil to win!”
Just War
“War may be necessary. Refusing to fight would allow evil to win!”
A Just War is one which has to be fought but is conducted according to certain conditions. These were developed by Thomas Aquinas (c ) and are still referred to by Christians today.

54. Some conditions of a Just War are:
The theory is not intended to justify all wars but to prevent them by showing that going to war - except in certain limited circumstances - is wrong. The intention was to motivate states to find other ways of resolving conflicts, prevent war and to limit its effects.
Some conditions of a Just War are:
it must be fought by a legal recognised authority, eg, a government
the war must be fought with the intention to establish good or correct evil
the war must be the last resort (after all diplomatic negotiations have been tried and failed)
civilians must not be involved or targeted

55. Necessary Evil Christianity and war
Most Christians believe that war and fighting are wrong except in the most severe cases and they base their views on Jesus’ teaching about love:
“A new command I give you: love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another”.
John 13:34
Jesus is often described as a pacifist. He taught:
“Blessed are the peacemakers for they will be called the children of God”.
Matthew 5.9
Necessary Evil
Most Christian believe we had a duty stop the atrocities being committed by Nazi Regime during WWII.
Jesus taught about non-violence but never condemned Roman Soldiers.
POPE BENEDICT XVI –
Duty bound to defend Christian values – even if that means using proportional violence.

56. ISLAM AND WAR: Lesser Jihad
struggle

57. ATTACK!
JUST SOCIETY

58. Lesser Jihad (Holy War)
Muslims may fight in self-defence but are forbidden to begin a fight. The aim of fighting is to create a situation where Muslims are free to worship Allah and live in peace.
One aim of Holy War may be to create a democracy where people are free to live their lives without beliefs and politics being imposed on them. There must be no hatred or vengeance in the fighting. As soon as peace is offered, fighting must stop. Once peace has been restored the differences between people must be resolved.
“Hate your enemy mildly; he may become your friend one day”.
Hadith

59. Christianity and Bullying
“Love your neighbour as you love yourself.” If you love someone, you will never do them wrong: to love, the, is to obey the whole law. (Romans 13:9-10)
Made in the image of God!
WE ARE ALL EQUAL!
Set up by Christians to help children who lived on the streets during Victorian times. Now it helps children facing discrimination or disadvantage in their daily lives. Aniti- bullying is one area they work on.

60. SHOW COMPASSION TO THE WEAK AND FIGHT AGAINST INJUSTICE!
Islam and bullying
UMMAH=
The brotherhood of all Muslims, whether male of female. It would be wrong to bully a fellow Muslim.
QUR’AN
Allah created every human being and everyone is equal in the eyes of Allah. Show respect to ALL of Allah’s creation.
SHOW COMPASSION TO THE WEAK AND FIGHT AGAINST INJUSTICE!
THE DAY OF JUDGEMENT
“Allah will not show mercy to the one who does not show mercy to others”. (Hadith)
Beatbullying: CyberMentors who help people who are victims of cyber bullying.

61. Religious conflict and the family

62. Christianity and forgiveness
PARABLES!
The Lost Son
The Sheep and Goats
Christianity and forgiveness
TRC
Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Desmond Tutu promoted forgiveness in South Africa – Good Example
THE BIBLE
“Do not take revenge on someone who wrongs you...love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you”

63. Islam and forgiveness Teachings of the Qur’an Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
“Show forgiveness, speak of justice, and avoid the ignorant”. (Qur’an 7:199)
Teachings of the Qur’an
“Control your anger, then forgive your brother. Do you not wish to be forgiven?”. (Prophet Muhammad PBUH)
Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
If a Muslim wrongs someone they are taught to:
Ask forgiveness from Allah
Ask forgiveness from the person themselves.
DAY OF JUDGEMENT

65. Crime and Punishment Law and Justice The point of Punishment
Religious teachings about justice
Capital Punishment
Religious attitudes towards capital punishment
Drugs and alcohol
Drugs and alcohol – The problem for society
Religious attitudes towards drugs and alcohol

66. Key Words Sin: Crime: Law: Justice: Judgement: Capital Punishment:
Reform:
Deterrence:
Retribution:
Rehabilitation:
Responsibility:
Addiction:

67. Key Words Sin: An act against the will of God.
Crime: An act against the law.
Law: Rules made by Parliament and enforceable by the police and the courts.
Justice: Due allocation of reward and punishment, the maintenance of what is right.
Judgement: The act of judging people and their actions.
Capital Punishment: The death penalty for a crime or offence
Reform: The idea that punishments should try to change criminals so that they will not commit crimes again.
Deterrence: The idea that punishments will be of such a nature that they will put people off (deter) committing crimes.
Retribution: The idea that punishments should make criminals pay for what they have done wrong.
Rehabilitation: Restore to normal life.
Responsibility: Being responsible for your own actions.
Addiction: A recurring compulsion to engage in an activity regardless of its effects.

68. Law and Justice
Laws tell people how they should and should not behave.
Laws set out certain punishments to be enforced if the law is broken.
Without rules normal society would break down and there will be ANARCHY.
Laws create a civilised society.
Ensures that people are treated fairly.
Punishment has to be appropriate for the crime committed.
Law must be based on justice for society to believe they are fair and follow them.
If laws are unjust people may decide to act without the law or ‘take the law into their own hands’.

69. Punishing a person to make them pay for what they have done.
Protection
Placing an offender in prison, or taking their life in order to protect society from the criminal.
Deterrent
Having a harsh punishment that discourages others from breaking the law, or discourage a criminal from re-offending.
Retribution
Punishing a person to make them pay for what they have done.
Punishment
Reparation
Punishment that makes the criminal pay for their crime by doing something to help society of the victim.
Reform
A punishment that aims to stop a criminal from re-offending, through a programme or re-education and training in prison.

70. Justice and Christianity
BIBLE: Treating people unjustly is a sin, and those who do it can expect to pay the price on the Day of Judgement.
Old Testament
RETRIBUTION
Exodus 21:23-25
Vendettas and long-running disputes were unjust.

71. Jesus’ teachings about justice were revolutionary for the time that he lived.
Jesus linked justice with non-violence and forgiveness.
RETRIBUTION IS NOT THE BEST WAY!
Use , and forgive people who hurt you. He said that this was better than exacting punishment.
Jesus taught people to share their wealth and give to charity.
Jesus said that God wants a just society.
Modern Christians believe there is an unjust division of wealth in the world.
“Do not judge others, so that God will not judge you, for God will judge you the same way as you judge others, and he will apply to you the same rules you apply to others”. (Matthew 7:1-2)
Many Christians campaign against poverty and make a deliberate effort to buy Fairtrade goods.

72. One of them is that Allah is Just!! Life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Justice and Islam
Shari’ah Law
One of them is that Allah is Just!!
Life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
UNJUST!!!
ZAKAH

73. Capital Punishment The Death Penalty in Britain
In 1908 the death penalty was abolished for people under 16.
In 1931 the death penalty was abolished for pregnant women.
The last hangings were in 1964.
The death penalty was abolished for all crimes in the UK in 1998.
Innocent people get convicted by mistake.
Life is sacred – even that of a criminal
Prison is a good deterrent – Many try to commit suicide
It barbaric
It is an excellent deterrent.
Removes dangerous people.
Cheaper than keeping a person in prison for a very long time.
Life for a life – fair retribution.

74. Christianity and Capital Punishment
HERESY
A belief that is not acceptable to the Church.
Old Testament
“If anyone takes human life, he will be punished...Human beings were made like God, so whoever murders one of them will be killed by someone else”. (Genesis 9:5-6)
The NEW TESTAMENT teaches that a Christian should follow a countries legal code. Christians must obey state authorities and if Capital Punishment is okay then it is acceptable.
Jesus taught about love and forgiveness for sinners.
Only God can give and take life.
Sixth Commandment “Do not kill” means as a punishment as well.

75. Islam and Capital Punishment
APOSTASY!
“You shall not kill – for that is forbidden by God – except for a just cause”
DELIBERATE MURDER
THREATENING TO UNDERMINE THE AUTHORITY
Shari’ah Law
Just punishment

76. Alcohol and Drugs 16-17 Illegal to drink alcohol under the age of 18
CHANGES?
Ban on advertisement.
Increase the tax
Stop happy hour
No drink drive limit for under 21s.
Under 5

77. Alcohol and Drugs CLASS A = Morphine, Heroine
CLASS B = Speed, Cannabis
CLASS C = Ketamine, Some prescribed drugs
Police have the power to stop and search any one they think may be using or carrying drugs.
Importing drugs carries a long prison sentence.
Very serious offense to supply drugs.
Growing cannabis is illegal.

78. EFFECT ON PERSON AND SOCIETY
Causes health problems: Liver damage, lung cancer, high blood pressure etc
Relationships fail – Addicts often lie to them.
Work/Education suffers: Addicts are often to worried about their next fix.
Crime occurs: People under the influence commit crime – 50% street crime related to drinks.
Costs a fortune: Person spends large amount of money on their addiction. This often leads to debt.

79. Christians and Drugs/alcohol
“Don’t you know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who lives in you and who was given to you by God?” (1 Corinthians 6:19)
Jesus’ first miracle = WATER INTO WINE!
RESPONSIBLE!
HELP THE ADDICT!

80. Islam and drugs/alcohol
“Satan stirs up hatred among you by means of wine and gambling...Will you not abstain from them?” (Qur’an 4:43)
HARAM
Destroys a peaceful society