2. What’s Happening?

3. What is Puberty?
It is the time when our bodies change toward an adult body.
Start to develop new feelings and interests
Start to make sperm cells or start to make egg cells

4. What is Puberty? The cells necessary to make a new human:
Egg + Sperm = Baby

5. When do changes happen? Anywhere between 8 and 17.
Most people begin between the ages of 10 and 14.
When you start makes no difference to how you develop.
No age is better any other one.
For some, most of the changes happen in a few years.
For some, changes happen slowly over lots of years- THIS IS NORMAL!!

6. What changes happen to girls. http://www. bbc. co
The hormone estrogen increases, which causes puberty!
Get taller and heavier. Females’ body shape changes and hips widen to make more space for a fetus to develop.
Bones grow bigger and heavier
Hips get wider and more curvy
Face changes shape
Voice gets a little deeper

7. What changes happen to girls?
Hair grows under the armpits, around the genitals (pubic hair)
Hair on arms and legs grows darker
Breasts and nipples get larger
Body sweats more
Internal and external sex organs grow
May have mood swings, sexual thoughts and feelings

8. What changes happen to boys?
Grow taller and heavier
Bones grow bigger and heavier
Nose and jaw get bigger and face gets longer
Get more muscles
Hair and skin can become oily and you may get pimples
Body sweats more
Hair grows on the face, under the armpits, around the genitals (pubic hair).

9. What changes happen to boys?
May get more hair on arms, legs and chest.
Voice gets deeper
Penis and testicles grow
Scrotum changes
May have mood swings, sexual thoughts and feelings
Breasts may grow
Guys put on more muscle- compared to a girl of the same height, weight and build, the guy may be able to lift more weight and run faster.

10. What causes these changes?
Hormones –
produced first in the brain by the pituitary gland
Hormones are chemical messengers that travel in the blood stream
Each hormone has a specific job.
The pituitary gland, deep inside your brain, gets things started. It sends out hormones to our sex organs to get them to start making sex hormones.

11. What causes these changes?
It is the sex hormones that make the changes that cause children’s bodies grow into adult bodies.
Both boys and girls make the same sex hormones. The main ones are testosterone and estrogen.
Boys make lots of testosterone, not so much estrogen.
Girls make lots of estrogen, not so much testosterone.

12. What will I look like when I grow up?
That depends mostly on your heredity, the genes you got when an egg cell and a sperm cell from your birth parents came together to make the cells that developed into you.

13. What will I look like when I grow up?
Genes mostly determine how tall you will grow, the colour of your hair, the size and shape of your breasts and your overall body shape.
Other things that affect our body are the foods we eat, how active we are and how much sleep we get.

14. Female Internal Reproductive Anatomy:
Uterus
Sometimes called the womb.
Muscular organ about the size of a pear.
Where developing baby, called a fetus, grows and is fed.
Where the period comes from.
Vagina
Warm, soft, moist passageway joining outside and uterus.

15. Female Internal Anatomy:
Fallopian tubes
Narrow tubes between the uterus and the ovary.
Ovaries
Glands that make egg cells and female sex hormones.
Cervix
The lower part of the uterus.
Makes mucus to keep sperm alive.
Has opening where sperm enter uterus and where the baby comes out of the uterus.

16. The Menstrual Cycle:
Girls are born with hundreds of thousands of tiny eggs, called ova – one is called an ovum.
These egg cells are only half formed.
At puberty, hormones tell the ovaries it is time to start releasing ova.
Usually one egg at a time matures (develops) and is released from an ovary.

17. So what are periods and why do they happen?
The uterus starts to grow a thick lining on the inside wall.
The lining has lots of tiny blood vessels.
The lining is there to protect and feed an egg that has combined with a sperm to form a fertilized egg.

18. So what are periods and why do they happen?
If an egg does not meet a sperm, the lining is not needed.
It breaks up.
Mixed with some blood it comes out the uterus into the vagina and then out the vaginal opening.
This is called menstruation but lots of females just call it their period.
Periods last 3-8 days
If a woman is not pregnant then her ovary will release another egg, the lining build up and, if the egg is not fertilized, she has another period.
This is called the menstrual cycle.

19. How often does a period occur?
Some women never have a regular pattern.
Most women eventually have a regular cycle – they know approximately when their next period will happen.
Each person is different so some women may have a period every 23 days, some every 28 days and some every 35 days.

20. What are the sex organs? The parts are:
These parts are also called the reproductive organs and genitals
The parts are:
 Urethra
Penis
Testicles or Testes
Scrotum

21. What are the sex organs? Urethra Penis Testicles or testes Scrotum
the tube through which urine and semen leaves the boy’s body
Penis
tube-like organ that hangs outside the body
Testicles or testes
Where sperm are made
Scrotum
skin that holds testicles
keeps them at right temperature to make sperm, slightly cooler than body’s temperature

22. Males-What happens on the inside?
Hormones from the pituitary make the testicles grow and they start making more testosterone and producing sperm 
After puberty you make 200, ,000 sperm cells a day for the rest of your life
Sperm build up in tubes around the testicles
They travel along some tubes and mix with fluids from glands
Sperm + fluids = semen

23. What about feelings?
You may have mood swings – happy one day, sad the next.
You may love your friends or family at times and not want to have anything to do with them at other times.
Sometimes you may feel grown-up, other times like a kid
There may be lots of tears and arguments.
Changing hormones cause some of these feelings.
D fertilization