1. Salon services I Chapter 5
Infection control
Salon services I Chapter 5

2. #1 What are bacteria
Minute, one celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristic's.

3. #2 Name and describe the two main classifications of bacteria.
Pathogenic; bad, harmful, cause disease, produces pus, makes you sick
Non pathogenic; good, harmless, beneficial, breaks down dead matter, helps in digestion

4. PATHOGENIC
Produce disease and sickness
harmful

5. NON PATHOGENIC
Harmless
Non disease
causing

6. Stages of life of bacteria
Active: grow, multiple, divide
Inactive: growth is slowed, spore forming state, becomes dormant
Bacteria changes stages when conditions become favorable or unfavorable-such as food source or temperature

7. #3 What are some of the beneficial functions performed by non pathogenic bacteria?
Help metabolize food
protect against infectious microorganisms
stimulate immune system
Breaks down dead matter

8. #4 Name and describe the three forms of bacteria.
Cocci round cells
Bacilli rod cells
Spirilla spiral cells

9. Cocci round cells clusters, pairs, chains

10. Bacilli rod shaped cells

11. Spirilla spiral shaped cells

12. Reproduction of cells Mitosis; cells divide in half
Sister
Cells
Active
stage

13. Movement of bacteria
COCCI are the slowest movers-they flow with the fluids surrounding them

14. Bacilli based infection
MYCOBACTERIUM FORTUTITUM

15. Pedicure/hot tub/showers
bacilli

16. #5 What is the difference between local and general infections?
Local infections: in one area, can see pus and redness; pimple or abscess
General infection: can only see or hear symptoms, cough, sniffles, sneezing; gets in bloodstream carries bacteria all over the body

17. Local and general infections

18. #6 How are viruses different from bacteria?
Viruses invade bacteria by penetrating the cells and becoming part of them
Viruses can’t live on their own
Anti-biotic won’t effect viruses
Vaccinations can prevent viruses if one exists
Viruses need to run their course

19. viruses Mumps Measles HIV AIDS Chicken pox Small pox Rabies Influenza
Polio
Yellow fever
hepatitis

20. #7 How does AIDS affect the body. How is it transmitted
#7 How does AIDS affect the body? How is it transmitted? How is it not transmitted?
AIDS; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: breaks down the immune system allowing simple sicknesses to be fatal.
AIDS is transmitted from person to person, blood and body fluids, unprotected sex, sharing needles, accidents with needles in health care, cuts and sores coming in contact with infected person.
AIDS cannot be transmitted by casual contact, sharing food, household items or airborne contact.

21. #8 What is a contagious or communicable disease?
A disease that is spread from person to another by any form or method.
Can be as simple as a common cold or as deadly as meningititus

22. #9 Define immunity and name two types.
Immunity; the bodies ability to destroy any bacteria that has gained entrance and resist the infection.
Natural is born with you or inherited
Acquired is developed as you grow and as you get vaccinations or after you’ve had a sickness

23. Immune system The army inside your body that fights illnesses
Low immunity increases illnesses
Outside influences increase or decrease immunity
HIV / AIDS attack immune system
Human immunodeficiency virus
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Aids causes simple illnesses to become fatal

24. #10 Describe the procedure for taking care of a blood spill.
Stop and clean injured area
Apply antiseptic
Cover injury with band aid or other appropriate dressing
Use finger guard or gloves as needed
Clean client and workstation
Discard all disposable objects by double bagging and label bio hazard
Wash hands with soap and warm water
Disinfect all tools contaminated with blood or body fluids by immersion in an EPA registered disinfectant that hills HIV-1 and Hepatitis B (hospital grade disinfectant)
In class, don’t touch the blood or the area, call the teacher, don’t panic, be aware of blood spray or splatter (coughing or gagging) and always use common sense when something happens to produce blood.

25. #11 What is decontamination
#11 What is decontamination? Explain the three levels of decontamination.
Decontamination is the removal of pathogens and other substances from tools and surfaces.
Sanitation: reduces the number of pathogens, lowest level, can be as simple as washing your hands or taking the hair out of the bristles of a brush
Disinfection: second level, does not kill spores but control microorganisms on hands and simple surfaces (manicure equipment, salon implements, tables, toilet seats, etc.)
Sterilization: Highest level, kills every organism on a surface whether harmful or harmless; not practical in the salon, mostly used in medical or research labs and clean rooms.

26. Hospital grade Non hospital grade Disinfectants
Must be virucidal, bacterialicidal, pseudomonacidal, fungicidal
Non hospital grade
Commerical use, household use, kills most but not all pathogenic bacteria

27. products
Antiseptics – for use on living tissue, doesn’t kill all pathogenic bacteria due to strength issues
Disinfectants –
Non hospital grade
Hospital grade pseudonomacidal, bactericide, virucidal, fungicidial

28. #12 What if efficacy and why is it important
Efficacy; the power to produce an effect; in a chemical it is the ability to control bacteria, funguses and viruses.
A efficacy statement is listed on the label (MSDS) of chemicals to the strength of bacteria control or destruction.

29. #13 What is an MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
This is information required on all products containing any type of chemical as to the dangers, handling and storage requirements.

30. MSDS MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

31. #14 List and describe three types of salon disinfectants.
Quaternary ammonium compounds; non toxic, odorless, fast acting, good for disinfecting implements.
Phenols; caustic poison that can be safe and effective if used according to the directions. Mostly used on metal items, usually a 5% solution is effective
Sodium hypochlorite (common bleach); effective disinfection, not designed for salon implements, used in restrooms and as a required laundry additive

32. Ultra sonic cleaner used to clean small items such as piercing tools and tattoo needles.
Must add effective disinfectant

33. OSHA occupational safety health agency
Protects employees at the work place
Requires protective wear
Requires safe work space
Requires clean work surroundings

34. EPA Environmental protection agency
Registers chemicals
Controls pollutants
in the air, land
and water

35. #15 Explain how to disinfect the following:
Implements for haircutting:
Pre clean
Rinse pat dry
Wear goggles and gloves
Mix solvent or chemical
Immerse implements
Remove implements
Rinse, air dry
Place in clean, closed disinfecting cabinet
Linens and capes:
Launder and bleach according to label directions
Electrical equipment: wipe and spray with EPA registered product for electrical equipment.
Work surfaces:
Use EPA registered disinfectant and follow manufactures directions

36. #16 List at least six precautions to follow when using disinfectants.
Wear gloves
Add chemical to water not water to chemical
Use tongs, gloves or draining basket to remove item from chemical
Keep away from children
Don’t pour disinfectants over hands
Carefully weigh and measure chemicals
Don’t use un marked bottles or containers
Follow manufactures direction exactly

37. #17 What are Universal Precautions?
A set of guidelines and controls, published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and specified body fluids are infectious for HIV, AIDS, or other bloodborn pathogens. Universal precautions include hand washing, gloving, personal protective equipment such as goggles, injury prevention, and proper handling and disposal of needles and products that have been contaminated by blood or other body fluids.