1. Sexually Transmitted Infections
April 4th, 2006
Sexually Transmitted Infections
What have YOU caught lately?
Natalie Mulling
Vanessa Sooknanan
Lisa Elson
Daneen Bianchi
Maya George

2. STIs Group # 4 Chapter #29 Sexually Transmitted Diseases/ Infections
Lesson #1
Topic: Knowledge and Prevention

3. Audience Background
College Level: 1st through 4th

4. STI Video

5. Introduction
Sexually transmitted infections are most commonly broken into three main categories:
Bacterial STIs, viral STIs and parasitic STIs.
Among the most common bacterial STIs are chlamydia (also the most frequently found STI on college campuses), gonorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and syphilis.

6. The most commonly seen viral STIs are herpes, genital warts (HPV), hepatitis B and HIV/AIDS, while trichomoniasis is the most frequent parasite.
All types of infections can occur whether one engages in heterosexual or homosexual sexual behavior.

7. Sexually Transmitted Infection
Types of STIs
Chlamydia
Genital Herpes
Trichomoniasis
Human Papilloma Virus
Gonorrhea
Syphilis

8. Chlamydia
Chlamydia is the most frequently reported bacterial sexually transmitted infection.
Chlamydia is known as a “silent” disease because about ¾ of infected women and ½ of infected men have no symptoms.

9. Chlamydia — Rates by state: United States and outlying areas, 2004
Note: The total rate of chlamydia for the United States and outlying areas (Guam, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) was per 100,000 population.

10. Chlamydia Contraction Transmitted during vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
Symptoms
Usually no signs or symptoms
Low back pain
Nausea, fever, pain during intercourse
Discharge from the genitals
Burning sensation when urinating

11. Chlamydia Complication cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID).
Chronic pelvic pain and infertility.
Complication for men are rare
Treatment
Easily treated and cured with antibiotics
Single dose of azithromycin or a week of doxycycline (2 x daily).

12. Chlamydia Prevention Abstain from sexual conduct Latex male condoms
Annual screening test

13. Genital Herpes Caused by Herpes Simplex virus type 1 and 2
Nationwide, at least 45 million people ages 12 and older (1 out of every 5) have had a genital HSV infection.

14. Primary herpes, female

15. Primary herpes, male

16. Genital Herpes Contraction Sexual contact with someone who has HSV-2
Can occur from a partner who has no visible sore
Symptoms
Most people infected with HSV-2 are not aware of it
Sores, flu-like symptoms

17. Genital Herpes Complications Recurrent painful genital sores
Psychological distress
Fatal infections in babies
Treatments
No treatment that can cure herpes
Antiviral medication can shorten and prevent outbreaks

18. Genital Herpes Prevention Abstain from sexual contact
Infection can still occur when infected site is covered by latex condom
Even correct and consistent use of latex condoms cannot guarantee protection from genital herpes

19. Trichomoniasis
The most common curable STI in young, sexually active women
Estimate of 7.4 million new cases among men and women
Caused by single cell protozoan

20. Trichomoniasis Contraction Penis to vagina intercourse
Vulva to vulva (genital area outside the vagina)
Women can acquire the disease from infected man or women, but men usually contract it only from infected women
Symptoms
Most have no signs or symptoms
Irritation and itching of genital

21. Trichomoniasis Complications Genital inflammation Treatments
Cured by prescription drug

22. Trichomoniasis Prevention Abstain from sexual contact
Latex male condoms

23. Human Papilloma Virus
Approximately 20 million people are currently infected with HPV
At least 50% of sexually active men and women will have had HPV
About 6.2 million Americans get a new HPV infection each year

24. Condyloma acuminata, penile

25. Human Papilloma Virus Contraction
Spread primarily through genital contact
Symptoms
Most have no signs or symptoms
Genital warts

26. Human Papilloma Virus Complications
Can lead to cervical cancer (in rare cases)
Treatment
No ‘cure’ for HPV
In women it usually goes away on its own
Pap test usually comes back abnormal if you have HPV
No HPV test for men

27. Human Papilloma Virus Prevention Abstain from sexual contact
Infection can still occur when infected site is covered by latex condom
Even correct and consistent use of latex condoms cannot guarantee protection from HPV

28. Gonorrhea Cause by the bacterium
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
More than 700,000 people in US get new infections each year
Only half the cases are reported

29. Gonococcal urethritis

30. Gonorrhea Contraction
Spread through contact with the penis, vagina, mouth or anus
Ejaculation does not have to occur for it to be transmitted
Symptoms
Some have no symptoms at all
Burning sensation when urinating
White, yellow, or green discharge
Bladder or vaginal infection

31. Gonorrhea Complications Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Can spread to blood
and joints
Treatment
Several antibiotics can
cure gonorrhea
Some have drug-resistant stains

32. Gonorrhea Prevention Abstain from sexual contact Latex condoms
When used consistently and correctly

33. Syphilis Cause by bacterium
Treponema pallidum
Between 2001 and 2002, cases increased 12.5%
Infections are highest among
Women: years old
Men: years old

34. Syphilis - Treponema pallidum

35. Syphilis Contraction Through direct contact from a syphilis sore
Symptoms
Primary stage
Single sore called chancre
Secondary stage
Skin rash and mucous membrane lesions
Last stage
Secondary symptoms disappear
Latent-no signs or symptoms

36. Primary syphilis - chancre

37. Secondary syphilis - papulo-pustular rash

38. Syphilis Complications
Sore throat, fever, patchy hair loss, headaches, muscle aches
Damage to internal organs
Treatment
Easy to cure at early stages (less than 1 year)
Injection of penicillin
Will not reverse any damage already done

39. Syphilis Prevention Abstain from sexual contact
Talk to partner about being tested
Condoms lubricated with spermicide
Washing genitals, urinating, or douching after sex

40. Testing Where you can get tested How much does it cost?
Planned Parenthood
Alachua County Health Department
UF Student Health Care Center
Sante Fe Community College Health Center
How much does it cost?
Variable cost

41. Confidentiality What are your rights?
The patient has the right to be provided with appropriate privacy, including protection from access to their confidential information from the individuals who are not responsible for direct health care and by other staff working at the health care center.

42. Counseling Centers Alachua County Crisis Center Shands Hospital
Location
Alachua County Crisis Center
Shands Hospital
UF Counseling Center
Cost
Variable cost

43. Cultural Beliefs Ethical and/ or moral beliefs
Potential limitations due to cultural beliefs pertaining to the prevention of sexually transmitted infections are:
Individuals are not allowed to use condom.
Shame associated with using a contraceptive

44. Any Questions or
Comments