1. APUSH
The shift from Authoritarianism to Individualism in the American colonies.

2. African American Proverb
“At first we had the land the white man had the Bible. Now we have the Bible and they have the land”
Respond with references to the Native American - White relations.
Pick one
1662 Powhatan uprising
Roger Williams
1637 Pequot War
1675 King Phillips/Metacom War
1676 Bacon’s Rebellion
Iroquois nation
Make sure you have a clear, concise main idea.
Make sure you have Specific Factual Information to support your claim

3. The shift from Authoritarianism to Individualism in the American colonies.
Remember The Organizing Principal:
Between 1607 and 1763, the British North American
colonies developed experience in, and the expectation
of self-government in the political, religious, economic,
and social aspects of life.

4. Religion, Politics, Economics
Martin Luther 1517 Protestant Reformation
John Calvin - predestination - Calvinism
Henry VIII of England - Anglican Church of England

5. Beer and the Mayflower
The Mayflower is headed for Virginia…but ends up putting ashore at Plymouth rock.
One Pilgrim’s diary explains why: “We could not take time for further search or consideration, our victuals being much spent, especially our beer.”
Once ashore, they promptly erected a brew-house…. They needed to make a beer run!

6. Puritans/Separatists -Plymouth 1621
Va. Company - Mayflower Compact (squatters submitting to will of majority)
Wm Bradford
1691 merge w/
Mass. Bay colony
Keeps the rabble from rebelling

7. Covenant Theology “Covenant of Grace”: “Social Covenant”:
between Puritan communities and God.
“Social Covenant”:
Between members of Puritan communities with each other.
Required mutual watchfulness.
No toleration of deviance or disorder.
No privacy.

8. Puritans - Mass. Bay Colony 1629
We shall be as a city on a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us.
 Successful. John Winthrop - City on a Hill - holy society
Covenant w/ God - “freedmen” of congregation - Congregational Church. Larger voting pop. of males than in England. Still not a “democracy”
“visible saints” only eligible for church membership and they = freedmen
Purpose of gov’t was to enforce God’s laws to all ppl
Everyone paid taxes to gov’t supported church
BIBLE COMMONWEALTH
John Cotton - defending duty of gov’t to enforce religious rules
Power of preachers not absolute - hired/fired by congregation
Can’t hold political office (historical fear) separation of church and state
Protestant work ethic

9. Colonizing New England

10. Puritan “Rebels” & Rhode Island
Rhode Island - sewer. No religious compulsory oaths. No compulsory attendance at church, no taxes to support state church - manhood suffrage. - traditional home of the other wise minded. Royal Charter 1644.
Religious toleration.
civil gov’t has no authority to regulate religious behavior.
Threatens patriararchal society
If holy life no sure sign of salvation then truly saved shouldn’t even bother to obey law of God and man - antinomianism -

11. Connecticut 1630 Dutch and English Puritans led by Rev. Thomas Hooker
1639 Fundamental Orders

12. Puritans vs. Indians
1621 Plymouth befriended by Wampanoag Indians - Squanto & Massasoit
1637 Pequot War English vs. Pequot tribe - Connecticut River
Puritans criticized in Europe - conversion pushed
1675 Metacom aka King Philip War - alliance among diff. tribes. Metacom captured - head displayed. He did slow the western march of settlers but natives no longer posed a threat

13. Southern New England Indian Tribes, 1636
A Pequot Village Destroyed, 1637
Southern New England Indian Tribes, 1636
The Pequot Wars:

15. Population Comparisons: New England v. the Chesapeake
New England Colonies, 1650

16. Unity? 1643 New England Confederation. England in civil war
Purpose to band against natives, French, Dutch; also intercolonial runaways
Each member (regardless of size) 2 votes (populous Mass. didn’t like this)
Puritan club
Mass. Bay
Plymouth
Connecticut New Haven
Connecticut valley settlements
No Rhode Island
No Maine settlements

17. Unity Gone?
1660 English crown restored under Charles II, James II, Wm and Mary
Colonial defiance
1662 Charles II gave rival Connecticut sea-to-sea charter
1663 Rhode Island sanctioned
1684 Mass Bay Colony’s charter revoked

18. First American Revolution?
1686 Dominion of New England
Not homegrown NE Confederation - this is royal
All NE plus NY as well as E and W Jersey
England did it to bolster defense ag. Indians
England did it to make efficient administration of Navigation Laws
Colonial rivalries; stitch colonies to motherland; no trade with non-English countries
Smuggling becomes honorable
Autocratic Sir Edmund Andros
Open affiliation with despised Church of England

19. Dominion of New England
Autocratic Sir Edmund Andros
Curbed town meetings
Restricted court, press, schools
Revoked land titles
No popular assembly - tax w/out representation
Surpress smuggling
Glorious Revolution in England
Wm and Mary
Dominion of New England collapses

20. New Mass.? Glorious Revolution didn’t mean much besides Andros leaving
1691 new royal charter again - new permanent royal gov’t
Loss ancient charter
Now voting not just church members but all male property owners

21. Glorious Revolution Wm and Mary meant “salutory neglect” But
More English officials remain due to Charles II)
They were often corrupt and loyal to England
Not locally elected

22. Settling the Middle [or “Restoration”] Colonies
Founded in the 1660s by:
Friends of British King Charles II.
Land speculators.
Middle class farmers & craftsmen.

23. More Like Later America Than Other Regions!
Economic diversity.
Large cities à more cosmopolitan culture.
Some slavery [6%-12% of the population].
Ethnic and religious diversity.
Religious toleration.
“Bread Colonies.”

24. New Netherland - New York
Dutch East India company in East
Asia
Henry Hudson
Dutch West India company in New Netherland
New Amsterdam was company town
Don’t care for religious, political tolerance
Strongly aristocratic

25. New Netherland and Neighbors
Hostile natives
Hostile New England esp Connecticut
New Sweden on Delaware River trespassed on New Netherland land
1655 Dutch wiped out New Sweden led by Peter Stuyvesant
1664 Stuyvesant surrender to Duke of York
New Amsterdam becomes New York

26. Pennsylvania
Dissenters - Quakers (Religious Society of Friends) - dissent against religious and civil authority
Use “thees and thous” rather than titles
All children of God
Abhorred strife
The “Holy Experiment”

27. Pennsylvania 1681 William Penn granted immense territory by King
Best advertised colony
Liberal land policy
Traded and treated Indians fairly.
Liberal regime
Representative assembly elected by landowners
No tax supported state church drained coffers
Freedom of worship was guaranteed to all (except Jews/Catholics)

28. Pennsylvania No provision for military defense
No restrictions on immigrations
Did have “blue laws”
Rich ethnic mix
Fast growing colony
LEGACY: new commonwealth. Based on civil and religious liberty. Based on freedom fo conscience and worship

29. Ethnic Groups

30. Iroquois Lands & European Trade Centers
Crisis
Iroquois Lands & European Trade Centers
King Philip’s War, 1675 – 1676)

31. From Authoritarianism to Individualism
Great Awakening
Enlightenment
Powerpoint show

32. From Authoritarianism to Individualism
Puritan Farmer from Massachusetts in 1640
Baptist seaman in Rhode Island in 1740
Scholar of the Enlightenment at he College of William and Mary in Virginia in 1765.
Compose paragraphs that characterize the thinking of your character on each of the points listed below:
His concept of God
The individual’s reason for existence
The individual’s relationship to God
The need for education
The individual’s role in government
The individual’s responsibility for improving society

33. Sequential Worksheet

34. Homework
Carefully write out the question on the SFI worksheet provided.
Complete the SFI for Friday
“To what extent did the 3 regions of colonial America develop separate societies in the years prior to the American Revolution?”