1. Section for Disaster Reduction Natural Sciences Sector UNESCO
Badaoui Rouhban
Director
Section for Disaster Reduction
Natural Sciences Sector
UNESCO

3. Nombre de désastres naturels, évolution par continent: 1950-2008
Source: “EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database – – Université Catholique de Louvain – Brussels – Belgium.”

4. EURO-MEDITER
The geographic region covered by RELEMR is shown here. Generally, it goes from Morocco in the west to Iran in the east.

5. Nombre de désastres naturels 1989-2008
Désastres Naturels dans les Pays Méditerranée (After CRED, Belgium)
Nombre de désastres naturels
Country
No. events
France 82
Turkey 75
Italy 53
Algeria 49
Spain 46
Greece 45
Morocco 21
Mauritania 20
Egypt 19
Albania 16
Croatia 15
Bosnia-Herc. 12
Cyprus 10
Jordan
Israel 9
Syria 6
Tunisia 5
Lebanon 4
Montenegro 1
Palestine
Source: “EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database – – Université Catholique de Louvain – Brussels – Belgium.”

6. Impact humaine des désastres naturels: 1989-2008 (After CRED, Belgium)
Nombre de morts
Nombre d’affectés
Year
Disaster, Country
No. people killed
2003
Heat wave, Italy
20089
Heat wave, France
19490
1999
Earthquake, Turkey
17127
Heat wave, Spain
15090
Earthquake, Algeria
2266
2006
1388
2001
Flood, Algeria
921
845
Heat wave, Croatia
788
1995
Flood, Morocco
730
Year
Disaster, Country
Total affected
1990
Drought, Spain
1999
Storm Lothar, France
1989
Drought, Albania
1998
Earthquake, Turkey
Flood, Turkey
2001
Drought, Mauritania
2008
Drought, Syria
1993
446507
2005
Snowstorm, Albania
400000
Source: “EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database – – Université Catholique de Louvain – Brussels – Belgium.”

7. Coastal zone is particularly at risk
1.2 billion people live within 100 km from the coast.
This is 23% of the world population. In 2030 this figure may rise to 50%.
Half of worlds GDP is in the coastal urban areas. This figure will increase to 75% in 2015.(World Bank)
More than half of GDP is located in high risk areas. (World bank)
10 million peoble experience flooding each year due to storm surges and typhoons.
Tsunamies, floods, storm surges, typhoons continue to happen in the coastal area and climate change is expected worsen the situation.

8. INTERACTIONS, COMPLEXITE
CATASTROPHES
NATURELLES
PROVOQUEES HOMME
SOUDAINES
LENTES
ENVIRONMENTALLES
TECHNOLOGIQUES
- Seismes
- Eruptions volcaniques
- Inondations
- Glissements de terrain
- Tempetes, cyclones, ouragans
- Changements climatiques, rechauffement
- Desertification, secheresse
- Changements climatiques
- Deforestation
(Amazonie)
- Developpement megapoles
- Disparition lacs ( mer Aral)
- Chimiques (Bhopal,
AZF)
- Nucleaires (Tchernobyl)
- Maree noires (Exxon
Valdez, Erika, Prestige)
INTERACTIONS, COMPLEXITE

10. HAZARD
VULNERABILITY
RISK x = H x V R =

11. The United Nations system engaged in disaster reduction
World Meteorological Organization
The United Nations (UN) system is a mosaic that reflects the complexity of activities necessary to fulfil the
objectives and principles of the UN Charter
Reducing the impacts of natural disasters is work that cuts across numerous competencies of the UN so it has
become relevant to a growing number of departments, programmes and agencies. Moreover, the recognition of
disaster reduction as a building block of sustainable development has turned disaster reduction into a core function
of the UN family.
WORLD BANK

12. International Strategy For Disaster Reduction (ISDR)
United Nations
International Strategy
For Disaster Reduction
(ISDR)
Secretariat based in Geneva

13. Hyogo Framework for Action
Governance;
Risk identification, assessment, monitoring and early warning;
Knowledge management and education;
Reducing underlying risk factors;
Preparedness for effective response and recovery.

14. UNESCO’s role Identification of Hazards and Risks
Monitoring, Mapping, Risk Assessment
Promotion of Preventive and Mitigation Measures
Promotion of early warning systems
Building capacities and training of scientists and engineers
Educating and raising awareness for disaster preparedness
Guidelines for the protection of educational buildings, cultural sites
Environmental consideration

15. UNESCO programmes in Disaster Reduction
Natural hazards programme
International Geoscience Programme (IGCP)
lnternational Hydrological Programme (IHP)
Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme
Programmes of UNESCO’s lntergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)
Protection of Cultural Heritage
UN Decade on Education for Sustainable Development

16. Accomplishments
Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology of Skopje – former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (IZIIS)
Regional Centre for Seismology for South America – Peru (CERESIS)
Pacific Tsunami Warning System
International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering - Japan (IISEE)
International Seismological Centre - UK (ISC)
Centre de Génie Parasismique - Algeria
International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology – Iran
UNESCO-IHE for Water Education- Netherlands

17. Programme for Assessment and Mitigation of Earthquake Risk in the Arab Region
(PAMERAR)
1983 -
Algeria
Egypt
Irak
Jordan
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Syria
Tunisia
Sudan

18. Capacity building for earthquake risk reduction
PAMERAR results
Capacity building for earthquake risk reduction
more than 3500 person-days of training provided for scientists, engineers and technicians, more than 40 missions of technical assistance organized Development of seismic networks 300 seismometers and accelerometers installed in Morocco, Tunisia, Iraq, Yemen, Jordan, Syria and Egypt Earthquake provisions to building codes in Algeria, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia

19. Earthquakes
UNESCO/USGS Programme on Reducing Earthquake Losses in the Enlarged Mediterranean Region (RELEMR);
UNESCO/USGS Programme on Reducing Earthquake Losses in the South Asia Region (RELSAR);

20. REDUCING EARTHQUAKE LOSSES IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION
(RELERM)
Algeria
Cyprus
Egypt
Greece
Israel
Iran
Jordan
Lebanon
Lybia
Palestinian Authority
Morocco
Oman
Saudi Arabia
Spain
Syria
Tunisia
Turkey
United States
Yemen

21. REDUCING EARTHQUAKE LOSSES IN THE SOUTH ASIA REGION
(RELSAR)
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
China
India
Iran
Nepal
Pakistan
The Philippines
Sri Lanka
United States

22. INTERNATIONAL PLATFORM FOR REDUCING EARTHQUAKE DISASTER
(IPRED)
A research and training platform based on seismology and earthquake engineering
A system for post-earthquake field investigation
Chile
Egypt
Indonesia
Japan (CoE)
Kazakhstan
Mexico
Peru
Romania
Turkey +
IPRED is supported by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) of Japan
1st IPRED meeting, Paris, 2008

23. Tsunami Warning and Mitigation Systems
IOC of UNESCO
This afternoon we saw quite a few presentations that clearly showed the importance of preparedness and public awareness. We have the know-how and technology. We need to be careful to take into consideration the human dimension. We need a holistic approach that results in saving lives and livelihoods. This is why the IOC activities in the Pacific region in the past 40 years have focused on Assessment, Warning and Mitigation.

24. Landslides
Promotion of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) and the International Programme on Landslides (IPL)
Promotion of various studies on the cause and prevention of landslides
Leyte, Philippines, 2006
Barcelona, Spain, 2006

25. IFI: International Flood Initiative
UNESCO addressing hydrological extremes
IFI: International Flood Initiative
International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management under the auspices of UNESCO (UNESCO-ICHARM, Tsukuba, Japan)
IIASA

26. Flood risk management
“RIMAX – Risk Management of Extreme Flood Events”
UNESCO Technical Document
Cooperation between German IHP National Committee and UNESCO IHP
Revealing the current state of research and technology
Topics
Topic 1: Forecast and warning
Topic 2: Forecast – dykes
Topic 3: Management in disaster situations
Topic 4: Damage assessment and society

27. Flood activities of FRIEND
(Flow Regimes from International Experimental Network and Data Sets)
Techniques for extreme rain fall and flood runoff estimate
Flood forecasting hydrological processes linked with heavy rains
Methodologies for reliable inundation mapping through flood risk maps and vulnerability maps.
Stochastic modelling of heavy precipitation for runoff forecasting
Enhanced understanding forecasting and management of flash floods in urban areas
Tools for warning and forecasting of ungauged basins

28. UNESCO and IAHS joint compendium of extreme flood events (20 extreme events)
Aim of the monograph: to give information on the causes, the evolution and the flood damage.

29. UNESCO-IHE activities on flood risk management
Flood resilience
Floating buildings
Redesigning urban areas
Flood warning
Developing flexible, appropriate software tools for real- time flood prediction
Examining the effect of climate on flood prediction tools
Using SMS messaging to deliver flood warning by location

30. Drought/desertification
The Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB)
The International Hydrological Programme (IHP)

31. Drought Monitoring over Africa
Water Cycle and
Drought Monitoring over Africa
The International Hydrological Programme (IHP) supports the Land Surface Hydrology Group of Princeton University in the development of an experimental, near real-time drought monitor in Africa. 31

32. Risk mapping, El Salvador, UNESCO RAP-CA project Floods, landslides
“RISK ANALYSIS OF FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES IN THE ARENAL DE MONTSERRAT SUB-BASIN, EL SALVADOR”
Landslide, 13 January 2001
Map showing population density within the sub-basin
Floods, 2000, 2002

33. Protection of educational buildings and cultural heritage
Landslides, Machu Pichu, Peru
International Programme on Landslides supported by UNESCO

34. Environmental Protection
To strengthen environmental protection for the prevention of natural disasters
Planting a tree, St Vincent in the Grenadines, 2003
UNESCO CSI project

35. UNESCO’s post-disaster studies
In the aftermath of disaster, to foster post-disaster investigation, recovery and rehabilitation
UNESCO post earthquake mission, Bam, Iran 2003

36. Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 – Building Resilient Communities
United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development
En liaison avec le Secrétariat des Nations unies pour la Stratégie internationale de prévention des catastrophes (SIPC), l’UNESCO entend mobiliser une alliance mondiale susceptible de promouvoir coopération et partenariats en faveur de l’intégration de la question de la réduction des risques dans les sections pertinentes des programmes d’enseignement à tous les niveaux. Cette alliance s’efforcera également d’encourager l’utilisation d’autres voies, officielles et officieuses, institutionnelles ou non, pour informer, sensibiliser et éduquer la jeunesse afin que les collectivités soient mieux préparées. Un premier temps fort sera le lancement, à l’occasion du Colloque organisé par le Comité national français de la Décennie des Nations Unies de l'Éducation pour le développement durable (Paris, 14 au 16 juin 2006), d'une campagne mondiale ( ) sur l’éducation relative à la prévention des catastrophes naturelles.

37. UNESCO is one of the active agencies
UN-ISDR
(International Strategy for Disaster Reduction) Thematic Platform on Knowledge and Education
UNESCO is one of the active agencies
Creation of a forum to exchange knowledge;
Dissemination of good practices and examples;
Mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction into school curricula
and school safety.

38. School Curricula Today
Many focus on science
Many focus on preparedness & drills
Few integrate the two
Fewer develop their own local curriculum
Far fewer GO OUTSIDE and study the school’s hazards & the communities

39. What is education for disaster reduction?
A new vision of education
An education empowering people to commit themselves
An education at all levels of education systems, using all modalities, and in all social contexts
The decade proposes a vision of education handling the issues of environment, democracy, economy, human rights, culture, parity, etc., in a transdisciplinary approach.
The decade of education for sustainable development will promote:
An education empowering people to committ themselves to sustainabilty, transforming people in responsible citizens with creative and critical thinking and others skills: oral and written communication, collaboration and cooperation, conflict management, decision-making, problem-solving and planning using appropriate ICTs
An education that fosters responsible citizens and promotes democracy by allowing individuals and communities to enjoy their rights and fulfill their responsibilities, to learn to live together in peace and tolerance
An education at all levels of education systems and in all social contexts (family, school, workplace and community)

40. Maldives Global population : 298 000 Student population : 102 000
At least 1 school per island
334 schools per 200 islands
40 % of the population in schools.

41. Upcoming major events
Second session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction,
15-19 June 2009 in Geneva, Switzerland