1. Sistem Jaringan dan Komunikasi Data
#13
Internet, Intranet, dan Ekstranet

2. Principles and Learning Objectives
The Internet is like many other technologies—it provides a wide range of services, some of which are effective and practical for use today, others that are still evolving, and still others that will fade away from lack of use
Briefly describe how the Internet works, including alternatives for connecting to it and the role of Internet service providers
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

3. Principles and Learning Objectives (continued)
Originally developed as a document-management system, the World Wide Web is a hyperlink-based system that is easy to use for personal and business applications
Describe the World Wide Web and how it works
Explain the use of Web browsers, search engines, and other Web tools
Identify and briefly describe the applications associated with the Internet and the Web
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

4. Principles and Learning Objectives (continued)
Because use of the Internet and World Wide Web is becoming universal in the business environment, management, service and speed, privacy, and security issues must continually be addressed and resolved
Identify who is using the Web to conduct business and discuss some of the pros and cons of Web commerce
Outline a process for creating Web content
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

5. Principles and Learning Objectives (continued)
Describe Java and discuss its potential impact on the software world
Define the terms intranet and extranet and discuss how organizations are using them
Identify several issues associated with the use of networks
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

6. Use and Functioning of the Internet
ARPANET
Ancestor of the Internet
Project started by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) in 1969
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

7. How the Internet Works Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Backbone
Transport-layer protocol that most Internet applications use with IP
Backbone
One of the Internet’s high-speed, long-distance communications links
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
An assigned address on the Internet for each computer
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

8. How the Internet Works (continued)
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
Responsible for managing IP addresses and Internet domain names
Has authority to resolve domain name disputes
Cyber-squatters
Register domain names in the hope of selling them to corporations or people
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

9. How the Internet Works (continued)
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
How the Internet Works (continued)
Accessing the Internet
Connect via LAN Server
Connect via Dial-up
Connect via High-Speed Service
Connect Wirelessly

10. How the Internet Works (continued)
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
How the Internet Works (continued)

11. Internet Service Providers
Any company that provides individuals or organizations with access to the Internet
Most charge a monthly fee
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

12. The World Wide Web
Collection of tens of millions of server computers that work together as one in an Internet
Hyperlink
Highlighted text or graphics in a Web document that, when clicked, opens a new Web page
Web browser
Web client software such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari used to view Web pages
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

13. The World Wide Web (continued)
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
The World Wide Web (continued)

14. The World Wide Web (continued)
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Standard page description language for Web pages
HTML tags
Let the browser know how to format text
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Markup language for Web documents containing structured information
Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)
File or portion of an HTML file that defines the visual appearance of content in a Web page
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

15. Web 2.0 and the Social Web Web 2.0 Rich Internet application
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
Web 2.0 and the Social Web
Web 2.0
The Web as a computing platform that supports software applications and the sharing of information
Rich Internet application
Software that has the functionality and complexity of traditional application software, but runs in a Web browser and does not require local installation

16. Web Programming Languages
Java
Object-oriented programming language from Sun Microsystems based on C++
Allows small programs (applets) to be embedded within an HTML document
Other languages
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX)
Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)
Adobe Flash and Microsoft Silverlight
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

17. Developing Web Content
Popular tools for creating Web pages and managing Web sites:
Adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft Expression Web, and Nvu
Popular publishing options:
ISPs, free sites, and Web hosting
Mash-up
Process of mixing two or more hip-hop songs into one song
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

18. Web Services
Standards and tools that streamline and simplify communication among Web sites
XML
The key to Web services
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

19. Web Services (continued)
Other components used in Web service applications:
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
WSDL (Web Services Description Language)
UDDI (Universal Discovery Description and Integration)
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

20. Internet and Web Applications
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
Internet and Web Applications
Search engines and Web research
Search engines
Have become important to businesses as a tool to drive visitors to the business’ Web site
SEO has become a valuable marketing tool

21. Search Engines and Web Research
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

22. Business Uses of the Web
Commercial Internet Exchange (CIX) Association
Established in 1991
Allows businesses to connect to the Internet
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

23. E-Mail, Instant Messaging, and Video Chat
No longer limited to simple text messages
Can embed sound and images
Can attach files
Instant messaging
Online, real-time communication between two or more people who are connected to the Internet
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

24. E-Mail, Instant Messaging, and Video Chat (continued)
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
, Instant Messaging, and Video Chat (continued)

25. Career Information and Job Searching
Search engines
Good starting point for searching for specific companies or industries
Job sites
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

26. Telnet, SSH, and FTP Telnet Secure Shell (SSH)
Network protocol that enables users to log on to networks remotely over the Internet
Secure Shell (SSH)
Provides Telnet functionality through a more secure connection
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Supports file transfers between a host and a remote computer
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

27. Web Log (Blog), Video Log (Vlog), and Podcasting
Web site that people create and use to write about their observations, experiences, and feelings on a wide range of topics
Podcast
Audio broadcast over the Internet
An audio blog
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

28. Usenet and Newsgroups Usenet
Uses to provide a centralized news service
Topic are called newsgroups
Protocol that describes how groups of messages can be stored on and sent between computers
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

29. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

30. Chat Rooms
Enable two or more people to engage in interactive “conversations” over the Internet
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
Requires participants to type their conversation rather than speak
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

31. Internet Phone and Videoconferencing Services
Internet phone service
Relatively inexpensive, especially for international calls
Voice-over-IP (VoIP) technology
Network managers can route phone calls and fax transmissions over the same network they use for data
Internet videoconferencing
Supports both voice and visual communications
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

32. Social Networks Facebook The U.S. intelligence community Twitter
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
Social Networks
Facebook
Provides an application development platform so that technically proficient members can create applications to run within Facebook
The U.S. intelligence community
Is adopting social networking to share information among operatives and analysts
Twitter
Allows members to report on what they are doing throughout the day

33. Media Sharing YouTube Flickr
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
Media Sharing
YouTube
Allows members to post homemade video content
Flickr
Allows members to upload photos to their own personal online photo album and choose photos to share with the community

34. Social Bookmarking Purpose Popular social bookmarking sites
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
Social Bookmarking
Purpose
To provide a view of the most popular Web sites, videos, blog articles, or other Web content at any given moment
Popular social bookmarking sites
del.icio.us
Digg

35. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
Content Streaming
Method for transferring multimedia files, radio broadcasts, and other content over the Internet
Enables users to browse large files in real time

36. Shopping on the Web Amazon Shorts Bot (intelligent agent)
Has stories that vary in length from 2,000 to 10,000 words
Bot (intelligent agent)
Software tool that searches the Web for information, products, or prices
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

37. Web Auctions Web auction eBay Auction sites
A way to connect buyers and sellers
eBay
Popular auction site
Easy to use and includes thousands of products and services in many categories
Auction sites
Cannot always determine whether the people and companies listing products and services are legitimate
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

38. Music, Radio, Video, and TV on the Internet
Radio broadcasts are now available on the Internet
Video and TV are also becoming available
Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) protocol
Used to put TV programming on the Internet
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

39. E-Books and Audio Books
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
E-Books and Audio Books
Digital books, both in text and audio form
Are growing in popularity thanks to appealing devices and services
Audio books
Have become more popular due to the popularity of the iPod and services like audible.com

40. Office on the Web Internet office
Web site that contains files, phone numbers, addresses, an appointment calendar, and more
Allows your desktop computer, phone books, appointment schedulers, and other important information to be with you wherever you are
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

41. Other Internet Services and Applications
Can provide critical information during times of disaster
Can be used to translate words, sentences, or complete documents from one language into another
Facilitates distance learning, which has dramatically increased in the last several years
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

42. 1999
Internet
Intranet
Extranet
Our Company
Partner

43. Intranets and Extranets
Internal corporate network built using Internet and World Wide Web standards and technologies
Extranet
Network that links selected resources of the intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners
Virtual private network (VPN)
Secure connection between two points on the Internet
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

44. Intranets and Extranets (continued)
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition
Intranets and Extranets (continued)

45. What is an Extranet?
An extranet is a private network that uses Internet protocols and the public telecommunication system to securely share part of a business's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses.
An extranet can be viewed as part of a company's Intranet that is extended to users outside the company.
The same benefits that Web technologies have brought to corporate Intranets are now starting to accelerate business between businesses.

46. More on Extranets
Extranets can be used to exchange large volumes of data, share product catalogues, share news with trading partners, collaborate with other companies on joint development efforts, jointly develop and share training programs with other companies, provide or access applications between companies, and much more.
It may sound like a technology for geeks only. But many people use extranets every day without realizing it--to track packaged goods, order products from their suppliers or access customer assistance from other companies.

47. More on Extranets
Log on to the FedEx site to check the status of that package you sent this morning, for example, and you've just used an extranet in one of its simplest forms.
An extranet is a mechanism based on Internet and Web technology for communicating both privately and selectively with your customers and business partners.

48. Differences between an Extranet, an Intranet and the Internet?
First there was the Internet, which is available for everyone to use. Then businesses got smart and started developing their own intranets that used the same friendly Web interface but put up firewalls so that only employees could see the information on the site. Finally, the intranet was created.
It finds itself somewhere in between—there's still a firewall, but you allow only selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, inside.

49. Why would you use Extranets?
When done correctly, extranets provide a safe way to allow transactional business-to-business activities and can save your company some serious time and money.
The automotive industry uses extranets to cut down on its redundant ordering processes and keep suppliers up to date on parts and design changes, allowing quicker response times to suppliers' problems and questions.
Suppliers can receive proposals, submit bids, provide documents, even collect payments through an extranet site.
An extranet has restricted (password-protected) access, so it may be connected directly to each party's internal systems.

50. Does every Company Need one?
Many view extranets as the next era in Web development.
While other business-to-business communications, such as electronic data interchange (EDI), are out there, an extranet is more user-friendly because of its Web interface and allows for less regimented and more ad-hoc inquiries.
Before a company can make an attempt at harnessing the capabilities and profits gained from using an extranet, a fully functioning intranet has to be in place.
In time, companies may be forced to use an extranet with their suppliers and customers.
Even now, some large corporations say they will not do business with companies that won't be connected to a secure extranet in the coming years.

51. Disadvantages of Extranets
The benefits of extranets, such as reduced time to market and cost of doing business, and faster access to partner information, may be outweighed by the costs—security, Web servers and development, legacy systems integration, ongoing support and maintenance.
Extranets require a large amount of IS time and energy, much more than what it takes to get an intranet or Web site up and running, which may place it at the bottom of the IS group's to-do list.
PCS Computer Academy

52. Net Issues Management issues Service and speed issues
Preventing attacks
Service and speed issues
Keeping up with Internet traffic and traffic on company intranets
Privacy, fraud, security, and unauthorized Internet sites
People and companies are reluctant to embrace the Internet unless these issues are successfully addressed
Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition