2. THE INTERNET It began as government connection of universities. Internet service provider (ISP): Organization that has a permanent connection to the Internet and sells (leases) temporary connections to subscribers. No one owns it, no formal organization owns it. There is no no formal central control. It is based on the TCP/IP reference model.

3. INTERNET CAPABILITIES E -MAIL: person -to-person messaging; document sharing USERNET NEWSGROUPS: Worldwide discussion groups. People can post messages on any topic on an electronic bulletin boards for discussion groups. LISTSERVs: If you find any LISTSERV topic interesting, you can subscribe. From then on, you will get all information about this topic through e-mail. CHATTING: It allows interactive conversations TELNET: It allows to log on one computer, work on another. FTP: It allows to transfer files from computer to computer GOPHERS: It allows user to locate information stored on Internet gopher servers using menus.

4. INTERNET CAPABILITIES ARCHIE: Search database for files to download. VERONICA: Veronica is an additional capability for searching gopher sites by using keywords WIDE AREA INFORMATION SERVICE (WAIS): locates files using key words WORLD WIDE WEB: retrieve, format, display information (text, audio, graphics, video) using hypertext links

5. INTERNET ADDRESS ggalileo@univpisa.edu.it INDIVIDUAL OR ORGANIZATION NAME HOST COMPUTER LOCATION DOMAIN DOMAIN NAME

6. INTERNET TERMS HOME PAGE: WWW screen display that welcomes the user and explains the organization. WEB SERVER: Web pages are stored in Web servers. WEBMASTER: person in charge of Web site UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR (URL): address of specific Internet resource. Web sites have a unique Internet address (URL).

7. INTERNET TERMS HYPERTEXT TRANSPORT PROTOCOL (http): communications standard (sets of rules) used to transfer Web pages stored in Web servers. HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE (HTML): popular programming language for creating Web sites

8. SURFING THE NET SEARCH ENGINE: tool for locating specific sites or information on WWW. Examples: AltaVista & Lycos HYPERLINK: spot on screen, when clicked shifts to a new page or site.

9. INTRANET Internal network WWW technology Firewall: security system (consists of hardware and software placed between an organization’s internal network and an external network, including the internet) to prevent invasion of private networks. Overcomes computer platform differences Often installed on existing network infrastructure

10. EXTRANET It allows authorized users outside organization to use its intranet. Authorized users can be:  Customers  business partners  vendors

11. EXTRANET INTERNET CUSTOMERSUPPLIER FIREWALL DATABASES SERVER CLIENTS BUSINESS PARTNER

12. INTERNET BENEFITS Increases global connectivity Reduces communications cost Lower transaction costs Reduces agency costs, the cost managing employee and coordinating their work Increases interactivity, flexibility, customization Accelerates knowledge

13. INTERNET & ELECTRONIC COMMERCE Easy to link with other businesses, customers. Can update product information, ordering, customer support On-line storefronts Enhances business forms

14. INTERNET & ELECTRONIC COMMERCE CUSTOMER-CENTERED RETAILING –disintermediation: removal of intermediate layers streamlines process –reduced cost to buyer, seller HIT: each request for a file recorded in log file

15. INTERNET & ELECTRONIC COMMERCE DISINTERMEDIATION ManufacturerDistributorRetailerCustomer Cost/Shirt $48.50 ManufacturerDistributorRetailerCustomer ManufacturerDistributorRetailerCustomer $40.34 $20.45

16. INTERNET BUSINESS MODELS VIRTUAL STOREFRONT: sells goods, services on-line MARKETPLACE CONCENTRATOR: concentrates information from several providers INFORMATION BROKER: provides product, pricing, availability information

17. INTERNET BUSINESS MODELS TRANSACTION BROKER: buyers view rates, terms from various sources ELECTRONIC CLEARINGHOUSE: auction- like setting, products, prices, change in response to demand

18. INTERNET BUSINESS MODELS DIGITAL PRODUCT DELIVERY: sell, download software, other digital products CONTENT PROVIDER: creates revenue through providing client for a fee, and advertising ON-LINE SERVICE PROVIDER: provides service, support for hardware, software products

19. ELECTRONIC COMMERCE SUPPORT SYSTEMS WEB HOSTING SERVICES: provides large servers for Web sites of fee-paying customer ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEM: using Web for electronic funds transfers, credit, smart & debit cards

20. INTRANETS AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS Electronic commerce services Benefits Group collaboration Functional applications Supply chain management

21. ELECTRONIC COMMERCE SERVICES: ICAT: on-line catalog shopping, order placement (Icat) NET.COMMERCE: merchant server supporting Secure Electronic Transactions protocol (IBM) MERCHANT SERVER: templates for storefronts, point-of-sales software (Microsoft)

22. ELECTRONIC COMMERCE SERVICES: MERCHANT SYSTEM: full set of retailing services (Netscape) OM-TRANSACT: modular structure for payment schemes (Open Market) PC-CHARGE: PC-based Web server credit card processing (Go Software)

23. BENEFITS OF INTRANETS: Increases connectivity Can be tied to legacy system & transaction processing Interactive applications with text, audio, video Scalable to larger or smaller systems as required

24. BENEFITS OF INTRANETS: Easy to use browser interface Low start-up costs Rich, responsive information environment Reduced information distribution costs

25. GROUP COLLABORATION: teamware: intranet-based applications allow teams to share ideas, documents, brainstorming, scheduling. similar to chat room. Internal newsletter Ability to work at home Share internet discoveries with colleagues

26. FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS: Finance & accounting Human resources Sales & marketing Manufacturing & production

27. FINANCE & ACCOUNTING: General ledger reporting Project costing Annual reports Budgeting

28. HUMAN RESOURCES: Corporate policies Employee savings plans Benefits enrollment On-line training Job posting

29. SALES & MARKETING: Competitor analysis Price updates Promotional campaigns Sales presentations Sales contracts

30. MANUFACTURING & PRODUCTION: Quality measurements Maintenance schedules Design specifications Machine output Order tracking

31. SUPPLY-CHAIN MANAGEMENT INTRANET PRODUCTION PLANNING PROCUREMENT INVENTORY PRODUCTION & MANUFACTURING CUSTOMER SERVICE ACCOUNTING & FINANCE MARKETING & SALES SHIPPING & DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMERS

32. CHALLENGES Unproven business models Business process change requirements Channel conflicts Technology hurdles Legal issues Security & privacy