1. S1 Science Rocks
NEW LEARNING
Through evaluation of a range of data, I can describe the formation, characteristics and uses of soils, minerals and basic types of rocks.
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REVISION
Having explored the substances that make up Earth's surface, I can compare some of their characteristics and uses.
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2. Starter Questions What do you think the Earth is made of?
Are rocks: Alive, Dead or Never Alive?
Write down 3 words to describe rocks.

3. Structure of the Earth Today we will learn to
Describe the layers which make up planet Earth
We will do this by
Listening to a description, drawing a diagram and answering questions.
We will have succeeded if
We can describe the Earth to an alien (or our parents!).

4. Inside the Earth

5. Inside the Earth

6. Inside the Earth
Inner Core: Mostly iron, dense ________, temperature about ________!
Outer Core: Mostly iron, dense ________, temperature about__________.
Mantle: Less dense than _________, temperature about ________.
Crust: Between __ and 90km thick. Least dense rock, __________ part.

8. Today we’ll be…..
Learning how different types of rock form.
By the end of the next couple of lessons...
You will be able to explain how crystals form inside rocks
We’ll do this by….
Examining different rock types, watching a film about how they form, and answering some questions.

12. metamorphic rocks slate and marble
Weathering breaks down rocks.
igneous rocks
basalt
volcano
Rocks rise
to the surface by
uplift and erosion.
transportation
and deposition
sea
Magma
rises to
the surface
where it
cools rapidly.
sedimentary rocks
mudstone
igneous rocks
granite
high pressure
and temperature
slow solidification
metamorphic rocks slate and marble
magma
melt

16. Today we’ll be…..
Learning how crystals form in igneous rock.
By the end of the lesson...
You will be able to explain why crystals in rock are different sizes.
We’ll do this by….
Doing an experiment to cool hot liquid and examining what it looks like afterwards.

17. Crystals in Igneous Rock

18. Crystals in Igneous Rock

19. Crystals in Igneous Rock
The crystals in _______ rock form as the hot m_______ (lava) cools down.
Different sized crystals form because the magma _______ at different rates in different places, dependent on the t__________.

20. Crystals in Igneous Rock
The crystals in igneous rock form as the hot magma (lava) cools down.
Different sized crystals form because the magma cools at different rates in different places, dependent on the
temperature.

21. Sedimentary Rocks How They are Made
Wind and water break down existing rocks
Bits of existing rock settle in lakes and rivers
Layers are formed and build up as the existing rocks stick together
Pressure and time turn the layers to sedimentary rock

22. Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Mudstone
Sandstone
Limestone
Gypsum
Coal
Rock Salt

23. Metamorphic Rocks What are They?
Rocks that have changed
They were once igneous or sedimentary
Pressure and heat changed the rocks
The newly formed metamorphic rock can have different properties to the rock it was formed from

24. Types of Metamorphic Rocks
Gneiss
marble
Slate
Mica schist

25. Rocks Have Been Used For Many Years and For Many Things

26. What type of Rock are the following made from ?
The White House
Taj Mahal
Made from sandstone
then painted white
Made from Indian marble

31. Hard Rock Investigation
S1 Earth & Rocks Topic
Hard Rock Investigation

33. Today we’ll be…..
Learning how fossils form in sedimentary rock.
By the end of the lesson...
You will be able to explain how fossils were preserved on the sea bed.
We’ll do this by….
Doing an experiment to look at how fossils were preserved and discussing fossils

34. Has our country always been here?
Most of our country is made from sedimentary rock – what does this tell you?
Our land was once underwater!

35. Fossils Fossils are traces of prehistoric life
They are plants or animals that were buried in sediment and preserved
Usually it was the print that was left – the rock in the shape of the animal or plant
The types of fossils in an area give clues to the area’s history

36. Making fossils – 1 between 2
Put your initials on the cardboard and tape your cardboard in a circle
Put plasticine in the bottom of the cardboard and make an impression of your shell in this – this is your mould
Add 40ml of water to the plaster of paris – gently squeeze the bag until all of the water is gone
Pour the plaster into your mould and leave it on the window ledge to set

37. Today we’ll be…..
Learning what soil is made of.
By the end of the lesson...
You will be able to explain what the three main components of soil are.
We’ll do this by….
Doing an experiment to heat soil and weighing it before and after.

38. Soil What do you think of soil?
It doesn’t look like much, but it is full of life

39. Soil Calculation