1. Intro to Motion

2. What is Motion?
Motion: A change in position of an object compared to a reference point Motion involves all of the following: You fill in the blank!

3. Event that involves a change in the position or location of something.
Definition of Motion
Event that involves a change in the position or location of something.

4. Motion is Relative
Relative – it is described or compared to a REFERENCE POINT
Example: Are you moving at this moment? If yes, then how are you moving?
How does your movement look to another person? (Can they tell you are moving?)

5. Displacement vs Distance
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Displacement the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from its starting point
Distance – how far something moves

6. Displacement vs Distance
Displacement the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from its starting point
Distance – how far something moves

7. What is the Displacement?
Problem - A physics teacher walks 4 meters east, 2 meters south, 4 meters west, and 2 meters north.
What is the total displacement of the teacher?
What is the total distanced walked by the teacher?

8. And the answer is...
Displacement = 0 m - The teacher has returned to the starting point.
Distance = 12 meters
The distance is 12 meters but the displacement is zero. The teacher has “covered 12 meters on the ground”, yet when he is finished walking, he is not walking out of place.

9. Types of Motion Uniform motion - constant speed in a straight line
Accelerated motion – motion that is changing in speed or direction
Circular motion - speed is constant but the direction of motion is changing continuously

10. The rate of change in position
What is Motion?
Speed
The rate of change in position
Speed = distance ÷ time or
Speed = distance
time

11. Speed Types of Speed
Average Speed
Instantaneous Speed
Constant Speed

12. Comparison of time and distance
Speed Average Speed
Comparison of time and distance
Distance traveled per unit time
Distance is referring to "how much ground an object has covered" during the time it was in motion.
S = d / t
T = d / s
D = s x t

13. Speed Instantaneous Speed
Speed at any instant

14. Speed that does not change
Speed Constant Speed
Speed that does not change
Instantaneous speed that does not change
Example: After setting cruise control on a car, your speed at any point will be the same until you turn off the cruise control.

15. Velocity What is Motion? Speed plus direction
Example: 50 km/hour north

16. Velocity
Speed AND direction -- Velocity must include a speed and a direction.
Displacement is "how far out of place an object is because of its motion”. Displacement is the object's change in position.

18. Acceleration What is Motion? The rate of change in velocity
Positive acceleration = speeding up
Negative acceleration = slowing down (decelerate)
Acceleration = Vfinal – Vinitial
Time or
Acceleration = ∆Velocity
Time

19. Acceleration "the rate at which an object changes its velocity
Acceleration "the rate at which an object changes its velocity." An object is accelerating if it is changing its velocity.

20. Acceleration A change in velocity Speeding up Slowing down
Positive acceleration
Slowing down
Negative acceleration
Deceleration
Changing direction

21. The Direction of Acceleration
Acceleration will always have a direction associated with it. The direction of acceleration depends on two things:
whether the object is speeding up or slowing down
whether the object is moving in the + or - direction

22. Circular Motion: Continuous Acceleration
An object traveling in a circular motion is always changing its direction. Therefore, its velocity is always changing, so it is accelerating. This is known as centripetal acceleration.

23. 200m/40s = 5 m/s
2 km/1000s = km/s
or 2 m/s
200m/40s = 5 m/s
2 km/ 1000s = km/s
100m/10 m/s = 10 s
50 m/s x 20 s = 1000m
100 m/10 m/s = 10s
50 m/s x 20s = 1000 m
20,000 m/ 40 m/s = 500 s

24. 10m/20s = 0.5 m/s
40 m
40m/40s = 1m/s
25m/10s = 2.5 m/s Steepest line

25. 10m/s 2/ 5 s = 2 m/s
10m/s2 x 12s = 120 m/s
10m/s / 2m/s = 5 s
4000m/s /2s = 2000m/s2

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40m/s x 10s = 4 m/s2
20m/s x 10s = 2 m/s2
60m/s x 20s = 3 m/s2
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27. Motion Graphs
Time – Distance Graphs

28. Motion Graph # 1 Straight, Flat Line
As time passes, there is no change in distance; no motion

29. Motion Graph # 2 Straight, Increasing Line
As time passes, distance increases
The change in distance is constant – no stopping & starting

30. Motion Graph # 3 Straight, Decreasing Line
As time passes, distance decreases
The change in distance is constant

31. Motion Graph # 4 Changing Line
A changing line means changing distance
Distance increases  then doesn’t change  then decreases

32. Representing Motion in Graphs
Distance – Time
Velocity - Time

33. Describing a Distance - Time Graph

34. Describing a Velocity - Time Graph

35. Speed, Distance, Time Formulas

36. Calculating Speed Given Distance & Time
Divide Distance by Time
Distance ÷ Time = Speed
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
Divide Distance by Time
Distance ÷ Time = Speed
Speed = Distance ÷ Time

37. Calculating Distance Given Speed & Time
Multiply Speed and Time
Distance = Speed X Time
Speed X Time = Distance

38. Calculating Time Given Distance and Speed
Divide Distance by Speed
Distance ÷ Speed = Time
Time = Distance ÷ Speed