1. Lesson on ICT
Jo Ann Leabres - Sabugo

2. Overview
Teaching vertebrates in the elementary grades means answering the most basic question, "What is a vertebrate?" Begin by explaining to your students that almost all animals fall under one of two categories: Vertebrates and Invertebrates.

3. Before discussing the characteristics for each group of vertebrates, students should have a good understanding of what a vertebrate is, and which animal categories are classified as vertebrates. Simple discussion should be adequate for assessing whether or not students posses the appropriate background knowledge. The teacher should look specifically for answers indicating that Vertebrates are animals possessing a backbone,

4. and that there are 5 groups of animals which are considered vertebrates (fish, mammal, bird, amphibian and reptile maintain their body temperature). If the teacher believes the students do not possess adequate understanding of what constitutes a Vertebrate, the class should revisit the previous lessons in this series, which cover each of these topics.

5. Students should also understand that when items are sorted into categories, the placement is based on certain characteristics. All members of the same group share similar characteristics. Vertebrates are sorted into categories depending on their skin covering, the type and features of their limbs, how they reproduce and how they maintain their body temperature.

6. Classification of Vertebrates
Fishes
Reptiles
Amphibians
Mammals
Birds

7. I. Objectives: To introduce what vertebrates is.
To identify the characteristics of each of vertebrates and classify them.
To learn the 5 groups in which vertebrates are divided and their main characteristics.

8. Learning Outcomes Define what a vertebrate is.
Recognize and classify the classification of vertebrates.
Learn that vertebrates are divided into 5 classification.

9. II. Subject Matter Topic: Vertebrates Values: Appreciation to animals
Love and respect to animals
Realizing that animals are also God’s creation.

10. What is Vertebrates? What are the Five classification of Vertebrates?
Introduction
What is Vertebrates?
What are the Five classification of
Vertebrates?

11. Vertebrates are animals with backbones, usually it has an exoskeleton
What is Vertebrates?
Vertebrates are animals with backbones, usually it has an exoskeleton

12. What are the Fie Classification of Vertebrates?

13. Amphibians
They always live the earliest part of their life cycle in water.
They are warm blooded animals
Most lay eggs (a few salamanders and frogs give birth to live young)
As adults, they breathe oxygen with lungs and also through skin.
Most go through metamorphosis

14. Birds They are warm-blooded vertebrates.
They have feather, wings, and beaks.
Most birds feed their young.
All birds hatch from eggs, and most birds build nests for the eggs. Some birds deposit their eggs in other birds’ nests (like the cowbird)
Many birds have a crop (a sac at the bottom of the esophagus), where stores undigested food before it enters the stomach.

15. Fishes They are warm blooded animals. They live in the water.
Most fish have gills and scales.
Most fish lay eggs, though there are live-bearers such as the aquarium fish guppies and swordtails.

16. Mammals Mammary glands – produce milk to feed young.
Sweat glands – only mammals perspire (in order to maintain body temperature)
Breathe with lungs, diaphragm assists with this (mammals only animal to have diaphragm)
Care for their young.
Very developed brains.

17. Reptiles They are cold-blooded vertebrates.
They breathe through lungs.
They all have scales (or plates, in the case of turtles) that prevent them from losing moisture through their skins and protects against injury. Scales are made up of keratin, the same material found in fingernails.
Reptiles can go a long time without eating because they don’t require the energy (which comes from food) to maintain a constant body temperature.

18. Developmental Activities
Presentation of the
Lesson.
First Instruction Activity.
Discussion of the First
Instruction

19. Presentation of the Lesson
Title: (Interview with the Vertebrates)

20. First Instruction: Group Activity
After watching the “Interview with vertebrates” video the teacher will give brief introduction on vertebrates.
Then the teacher will divide the class in 5 groups with 5 to 7 members.
The pupils are instructed to gather information about the different classification of vertebrates and its main characteristics.

21. Guide Questions What are vertebrates?
What are the five classification of vertebrates?
Where do vertebrates live?
What do vertebrates eat?
Why are vertebrates important to the environment?
What are the 5 main vertebrates groups?
What are other types of vertebrates?
(The teacher will gather collect the information the student gathered)

22. Discussion of First Instruction
Title: (VERTEBRATES: Introduction to the unit)

23. Second Instruction
Collage Making

24. Second Instruction: Collage Making
Each group will asked to create a collage with a short information about the animal and its unique characteristic.
One collage output for each classification of vertebrates.
The idea it hang the collage in the wall they can review the information on it.

25. Possible output for Amphibians
Classification of Vertebrates: _______________
Short information: _______________

26. Possible output for Birds:
Classification of Vertebrates: ___________
Short Information: ______________

27. Possible output of Fishes
Classification of Vertebrate: ____________
Short information: ____________

28. Possible output for Reptiles
Classification of Vertebrates: ____________
Short information: ____________

29. Possible output for Mammals
Classification of Vertebrates: ____________
Short Information: ____________

30. Third Instruction
Values Infusion

31. Third Instruction: Values Infusion
Lastly, the teacher will tell the pupils to make a poem, short skit, or a song that will show appreciation and respect to animals.
Each members of each group will cooperate.
Use the animals according to the classification the members are included.

32. Application
Activities

34. Amphibian’s Thought
Habitat 1. 2.
Diet
Defense Mechanism

35. Birds

36. Fish Crosswords 4. A very small fish
5. The biggest fish. (Hint: It's a shark).
7. A dangerous meat-eating fish from the Amazon River.
9. ________-blooded.
11. A fish that lives in an anemone.
13. A place where fish live (freshwater).
14. Fish need these to breathe.
15. A very long fish that looks like a snake.
16. A place where fish live with fast, flowing water (freshwater).
17. A place where fish live with frogs and lily pads (freshwater).
Across
1. A fish with whiskers.
6. A fish that is born in a river, grows up in a sea for several years, and then goes back to the river to lay eggs.
8. A group of fish.
10. A fish that people eat out of cans.
12. An orange fish that is often kept as a pet.
14. A large ferocious shark.
18. A place where fish live (saltwater).
Down
2. Fish use these to swim.
3. Fish have these on their skin.

37. Mammals

38. Reptile Riddles Reptiles have this to protect their skin.1
Reptiles have this to protect their skin. 2
Reptile babies come from these. 3
Many snakes have this in their fangs, which can kill they prey. It begins with letter V. 4
This lizard can change the color of its skin. 5
This reptile lives in the Nile River with long mouth with many teeth.

39. Generalization:
Vertebrates are animals with backbones and usually has an exoskeleton.
There are 5 classification of vertebrates namely: Amphibians, Birds, Fishes, Mammals, and Reptiles.

40. Evaluation Classify each animals using the following abbreviation.
A – amphibians
B- birds
F- fishes
M- mammals
R- reptiles

41. 1. American Toad 2. Bald eagle 3. Rattle snake 5. Sea Turtle
4. Hippopotamus
5. Sea Turtle
6. Komodo Dragon
7. Polar bear
8. chipmunks
9. Koala

42. How did you do?
Count the numbers of correct answers and see how you score!
9-6 – All star zoologist
5-3 – Zoologist in training
2-0 – Pooper scooper

43. THE END
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!