1. The Renaissance AKS 38 Ch. 17

2. EQ What is the Renaissance and what brought about this change?
What were the impacts of the Renaissance and how does it still resonate today?

3. What differences do you notice between Medieval art/architecture versus Renaissance art/architecture?

4. Art and Architecture from the Medieval Period

7. Renaissance Art and Architecture

10. Compare
Medieval
Renaissance

11. What was the Renaissance?
Period following the middle ages ( )
“Rebirth” of classical Greece and Rome
Began in Italy
Moved to northern Europe

12. Objectives During the middle ages During the Renaissance Find God
Prove pre-conceived ideas
During the Renaissance
Find man
Promote learning

13. Humanism Pursuit of individualism Basic culture needed for all
Recognition that humans are creative
Appreciation of art as a product of man
Basic culture needed for all
Life could be enjoyable
Love of the classical past - ruins
The spirit of the Renaissance was secular… meaning wordly as opposed to related to God and church

14. Causes of the Renaissance
Lessening of feudalism
Church disrespected – why?
Nobility in chaos
Growth of Middle/Merchant Class through trade – why?
Fall of Constantinople
Greek scholars fled to Italy
Education – Universities? What about it?
Nostalgia among the Italians to recapture the glory of the Roman empire

15. Italian Background Florence Italy Medici's—family of physicians
Money in banking
Financed wool trade
Became defacto rulers of Florence

16. Review
What did we learn about in the last unit that created growth in trade and populations (especially in towns/cities)?
What was the Renaissance?
What cultures did people look to for inspiration?
What was humanism?
What were some of the causes of the Renaissance?

17. The “Renaissance Man”
Artist
Musician
Writer
Educated
Swordsman

18. Art Artists Techniques Michelangelo Leonardo Da Vinci Donatello
Raphael
Realism
Perspective
Focus on human form and beauty

19. Michelangelo

20. Da Vinci

21. Writers Writers Objectives Petrarch Machiavelli Dante Erasmus
Wrote in Vernacular , or native language rather than Latin
Wrote for self-expression or to portray individuality

22. Petrarch Father of Renaissance Humanism Wrote 14-line poems (sonnets)
Wrote in vernacular and in Latin
“Love is the crowning grace of humanity.” Petrarch
How does this quote differ from what would have written during the medieval period?

23. Dante
Like other humanists, he emphasized the virtues of intellectual freedom and individual expression
"There is no greater sorrow Than to recall a happy time When miserable." — Dante

24. Machiavelli Historian and political thinker
In The Prince, he examines the imperfect nature of humans
“It is better to be feared than loved, if you cannot be both. “ Niccolo Machiavelli

25. Summary 3 - key ideas you think are most important
2 - things you need to study or learn more about
1 - question you have

26. The Northern Renaissance
What two countries were engaged in war for over 100 years?
What do you think happened when this war came to an end along with the Bubonic Plague?

27. EQ What was the Northern Renaissance?
What were the immediate and long-term effects of the Renaissance?

28. The Age of Elizabeth

29. Shakespeare William Shakespeare
Regarded as the greatest poet of all time
Drew inspiration from the Classics
Revealed the souls of men and women through dramatic conflict

30. Christian Humanists Erasmus Wrote The Praise of Folly
Believed in Christianity of the heart rather than a focus on ceremonies
What do we call the ceremonies in the Catholic Church?

31. Before we watch the video, think about the most revolutionary invention of your lifetime. How has it changed the way we live?

32. Johann Gutenberg Invented the printing press
First book was…. Take a guess?
The Bible
Produced books quickly and cheaply
This had a profound effect on Europe
What do you think that effect was?

33. What were the effects of the printing press?

34. The Legacy of the Renaissance
Art
Society
Realism
Classical Techniques
What does that mean?
Secular works
Vernacular Language
More information available
Learning
Discoveries, maps, charts
Where did this lead?
Legal documents were published
What did this do?
People began to question political and religious structures

35. The Legacy of the Renaissance
What are the effects of the Renaissance that we still feel today?

36. Summarize what we have learned about the Renaissance in one word!

37. The Protestant Reformation
AKS 38

38. EQ What were the causes and effects of the Reformation
Who was Martin Luther and John Calvin, and what were their contributions to the Reformation?

39. Setting the Stage/Review
What was the predominate religion in Europe discussed thus far in the course?
What was the primary focus of the Catholic Church?

40. The Protestant Reformation
What is the root word of “protestant?”
What is the root word of “reformation?”

41. GO! With an elbow partner… In 3 minutes….
Name as many things we have discussed that have weakened the Catholic Church in Europe
GO!

42. Causes of the Reformation

43. Martin Luther (1483-1546) Protested Indulgences
Indulgences are pardons for sins given by the Church
What journey might a knight have taken in the Medieval period to receive an indulgence?
Martin Luther wanted to reform the church
Reformation

44. Martin Luther’s Teachings
The main ideas of Lutheranism
God only could grant salvation
Who did Catholics at the time think could grant it?
Teachings should be clearly based on the Bible
All people with faith were equal
What did this say about the divine right of kings?

45. What do you think the Pope’s reaction was?

46. Protestants
What are some of the Protestant denominations around today?
Lutheran
Baptist
Methodists
Many more….

47. Review What were some of the causes of the Protestant Reformation?
What were Martin Luther’s teachings?

48. Divisions of Christianity

49. Try and find the answer to these ?’s in the vid!
Why did Henry want to have his marriage annulled with Catherine of Aragon?
What happened to Anne Boleyn?
What did Henry’s daughter Mary do when she became Queen?
What did Henry’s daughter Elizabeth I do when she became Queen?

50. The English Reformation
The Real Henry VIII
Hollywood’s Henry VIII

51. Review
Why did Henry want to have his marriage annulled with Catherine of Aragon?
What happened to Anne Boleyn?
What did Henry’s daughter Mary do when she became Queen?
What did Henry’s daughter Elizabeth I do when she became Queen?

52. The Anglican Church
Protestant church created by Elizabeth

53. John Calvin Protestant Reformer in Switzerland
Taught the Doctrine of Predestination
The belief that God has already decided who goes to heaven (salvation)
John Calvin's teachings are collectively called Calvinism
LOOKING AHEAD: The Puritans were Calvinists
Who were the Puritans?

54. The Reformation Counter
What does “counter” mean?
Also called the Catholic Reformation
Reform in the Catholic Church
The Jesuits
Members of the “Society of Jesus”
Three Goals
1. Founded Schools
2. Converted non-Christians
3. Stop Protestanism

55. The Council of Trent
The Churches interpretation of the Bible was final
Christians needed faith and good deeds to be saved, not just faith alone (as who taught?)
The Bible and Church tradition were equal
Indulgences were valid but could not be sold

56. Impact of the Reformation
Catholic Church became more unified
Learning increased
As Catholic power continued to decrease, individual monarchs and nation-states gained power
Questioning beliefs and authority would lead to the Enlightenment
What does the word enlightenment bring to mind?

57. Review Exit ticket! Answer any three! What is humanism?
What were the teachings of Martin Luther?
What was the Anglican Church?
What were three goals of the Jesuits?
Name two results from the Council of Trent.
What was one significant difference between the Renaissance period and the Medieval Period?

58. Before modern science, how do you think people used to explain the world around us?

59. The Scientific Revolution
A new way of thinking about the natural world
Observation
Willingness to question accepted beliefs

60. The Scientific Revolution
Medieval View
After Revolution
Geocentric
What does this mean?
Heliocentric
What does this mean?

61. Geocentric

62. Heliocentric

63. Copernicus
Reasoned that the earth, the stars, and other planets revolved around the sun
Was he completely correct?

64. Kepler
Mathematician
Used math the determine that the planets revolve around the sun in elliptical patterns

65. Galileo Astronomer Jupiter had 4 moons and the sun had spots
What does an astronomer study?
Jupiter had 4 moons and the sun had spots
Stood trial in front of the Inquisition and renounced the ideas of Copernicus
Lived under house arrest until his death

66. Analyze/Interpret Data
Scientific Method
New approach to science
Question/Hypothesis
Experiment
Analyze/Interpret Data

67. Scientific Method

68. Sir Isaac Newton
Law of Gravity explained how the same physical laws governed motion both on earth and in the rest of the universe

69. Review What was the scientific revolution?
How did it differ from previous views on the natural world?
What was the significance of Copernicus’ theories? Galileo? Kepler? Newton?
What is the Scientific Method? How did it differ from “old science?”