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History of al-Qaeda and Terrorism against the USA

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Presentation on theme: "History of al-Qaeda and Terrorism against the USA"— Presentation transcript:

1 History of al-Qaeda and Terrorism against the USA

2 Foreign Terrorist Organizations
4/1/2017 Foreign Terrorist Organizations Abu Nidal Organization Al Qaeda Armed Islamic Group Aum Shinrikyo Gama’a -Islamiyya Hamas Harakat Ul-Ansar Hizballah Japanese Red Army Al-Jihad Kach Kahane Chi Khmer Rouge Kurdistan Worker’s Party Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Manuel Rodriguez Patriotic Front Mujahedin-E-Khalq Organization National Liberation Army Palestine Islamic Jihad – Shiqaqi Palestine Liberation Front Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia Revolutionary Organization 17 November Revolutionary People’s Liberation Party Shining Path Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement This slide slide lists only a few of the known terrorist organizations.[1] There are many others both known and unknown around the world. The only way to prevent bioterrorism is by infiltrating such terrorist organizations to find out which ones have the capacity to develop bio-weapons and which ones are interested in using them. [1] Source: U.S. State Department, 1997

3 What is al-Qaeda? Al Qaeda is a stateless (meaning without a country) terrorist organization. It is led and financed by followers of the late Osama bin Laden, who was a radical Shi’a Muslim.

4 4/1/2017 Who was Osama bin Laden? Indicted as the architect of U.S. embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania that killed more than 200 people. He had declared a “holy war” against all Americans and was the prime suspect for masterminding the September 11 bombing of the world trade center. Osama Bin-Laden is probably the most well known terrorist today. He has declared a holy war against all Americans. Bin Laden is the prime suspect, as I have mentioned earlier, in the September 11th bombing of the World Trade Center, and was previously indicted as an architect of the U.S. Embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania that killed more than 2,000 people. He is the leader of the Al Qaeda terrorist network that he started in 1988 with a group of Egyptian terrorists. Using large sums of money, they created an infrastructure for their jihad against Israel, the United States, and Muslim countries with beliefs that differ from those of the fundamentalist Sunni Islamic members of Al Qaeda.[1] The organization is reported to have over 70,000 members in cells in more than 60 countries. Cells operate independently of each other to reduce the likelihood of discovery.[2] [1] Williams, PL. Al Qaeda: Brotherhood of Terror. ALPHA, 2002. [2] Williams p. 6.

5 4/1/2017 “Hostility toward America is a religious duty, and we hope to be awarded for it by God…I am confident that Muslims will be able to end the legend of the so-called superpower that is America.” In an interview with Time Magazine in 1999, Osama Bin-Laden stated that, “hostility toward America is a religious duty, and we hope to be awarded for it by God. I am confident”, he went on to say, “that Muslims will be able to end the legend of the so-called super power that is America”,[1] end of quote. And how does he plan to end this legend? By terrorism, by mass killing, by panicking the population, by wreaking as much financial havoc as possible to bring down our Western way of life. [1] Interview with Time Magazine, “Conversation with Terror”, 10 January 1999 Osama bin Laden

6 Why do they hate the U.S.? A cultural War – They are offended by our values Our presence in the region offends their fundamentalist values Service woman driving in Saudi Arabia caused a riot in the capital when Saudi women saw this and decided to drive Cultural war because our TV broadcasts a lifestyle which is full of threat to them – woman are free in the USA – not in the Muslim world… Oil – Although we are far less dependant on Middle Eastern Oil than the European states, we still base our economy on this. It is not lost on a businessman like Bin Laden – that most dangerous of fanatics – a man worth millions who is willing to live his life in a cave – what he could do to bring about the Islamization of the world IF HE HAD SAUDI Wealth Right in their bedrooms. We challenge the very order of their society. Example of the Driving Riot…

7 The aim of suicide terror
Inflicts – physical and psychological punishment on the intended target Terrorist promise of more Cannot be deterred Creates terror in the mind of the target population Economic chaos Here are some of the immediate goals of suicide terror Punish the population that is their enemy – such as when Al Qaeda declares that it wants to bankrupt the USA. In Israel – the greatest devastation after the human loss was economic. Just imagine the damage that could ensure from having a few Suicide Terrorists detonate at different branches of a well-known retailer or a fast food outlet The use of the weapon in Iraq promises more and shows that they can not be deterred. If we are forced to pull out of Iraq before the situation there is resolved, they will interpret this as a victory The main aim is terror. Pure and Simple. Despite the horrific numbers killed on 9/11, you are more likely to die in a traffic accident than you are at the hands of terrorists but the mental pressure does not subside by knowing that. I remember the Number 5 line bus in Tel Aviv very well because that is where my daughter…. Suicide Bombers Can Be Any Age

8 Justifications… The JIHAD: a “Holy War”, invoking the “Fatwa” (official Islamic religious ruling) urging Jihad against America published in 1998 by Osama bin Laden and other Jihad leaders from Egypt, Pakistan and Bangladesh: “… the ruling to kill the Americans and their allies--civilians and military--is an individual duty for every Muslim who can do it in any country in which it is possible to do it.”

9 When did al-Qaeda form? The beginnings of al-Qaeda go back to 1979 when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan.

10 1979 was during the Cold War, a time when the USA was a rival to the Soviet Union. The USA wanted to help Afghans fight the Soviets. The CIA sent stinger missiles to Afghans to shoot down Soviet helicopters.

11 Bin Laden in Afghanistan
Son of a wealthy Saudi Arabian family, Osama bin Laden made lots of like-minded friends. He learned that scantily - armed Muslims could defeat a powerful Christian army The Soviet army left in 1988.

12 Bin Laden moves to Sudan
Bin Laden and his friends, feeling powerful, wanted to set up a base for future jihads. A jihad is a Muslim word for holy war, usually against Christians. He stayed in Sudan about 5 years. Note: Most Muslims don’t feel that jihads are about car bombs and airliner hijackings.

13 In 1983, during the presidency of Ronald Regan, a terrorist group bombed a Marine barracks in Lebanon. Reagan did not retaliate. 283 killed.

14 Desert Storm (Gulf War I)
In 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein invaded the tiny, oil-rich country of Kuwait. Kuwait owed Iraq money, so Hussein wanted to secure Kuwaiti oil fields.

15 Operation Desert Storm
Commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a UN-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait Iraqi tanks

16 U.S. and Saudi coalition The United States asked the Saudis for permission to establish military bases in their country. The Saudis had a tough choice to make. Do they allow a Christian army into the holiest country of Islam? Can the Saudis themselves stop Saddam Hussein?

17 The Saudi’s choice Osama bin Laden offered the Saudis the use of his soldiers to fight the Iraqi army because he felt once America established a base, they would not leave. Christian armies have no place in the land of Islam according to bin Laden.

18 The Saudi’s chose the United States and snubbed Osama bin Laden.
The United Nations led by American forces liberates Kuwait and pushes the Iraqi army back into Iraq.

19 Osama bin Laden Osama bin Laden overtly criticizes the Saudi government. Saudi Arabia banishes him; his family disowns him (officially). Bin Laden leaves Saudi Arabia for Sudan to further build al Qaeda.

20 The United States in Somalia
Dec. 4, 1992, George H.W. Bush sends 28,000 American troops to Somalia. Bush wanted to help the Somali people since all attempts to send food to them were intercepted by war lords.

21 Black Hawk Down In 1993, 18 Americans died when their Black Hawk helicopter was shot down over Mogadishu, Somalia.

22 al Qaeda? U.S. intelligenge indicates that al Qaeda operatives taught the Somalian’s how to shoot down helicopters just like they did in Afghanistan against the Soviets.

23 Iraqi terrorism In 1993, agents working with the full support of Saddam Hussein tried to kill former President George H.W. Bush. President Clinton responded by destroying their intelligence center.

24 World Trade Center bombing
9-11 was not the first terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York. In 1993, a man rented a Ryder truck and detonated a large bomb in the parking garage in one of the towers hoping to knock it over onto the other tower.

25 Ramzi Yousef He was a planner of the W.T.C. bombing. He was a member/leader of al Qaeda. Yousef stated, "Yes, I am a terrorist, and proud of it as long as it is against the U.S. government." Spoke 7 languages and had college degrees in both engineering and chemistry. Currently serving a life sentence.

26 1993 WTC bombing The bomb killed 6 people and injured
over 1000 others.

27 1995 Oklahoma City bombing Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols detonated a large truck bomb at the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City.

28 Oklahoma City 168 people died and many more were injured, including children in the day care at the bottom.

29 Was there a link to al Qaeda?
Terry Nichols, Ramzi Yousef, and 9-11 mastermind Khalid Sheik Muhammad were in the Philippine city of Cebu on the same days. Is there a connection? According to Richard Clarke, the main counter-terrorism czar for Clinton and GW Bush, Nichols’s bombs detonated only days after he returned from the Philippines Khalid Sheik Muhhamad Terry Nichols

30 1996 car bombing of Khobar Towers
The Khobar Towers provided housing for American military stationed in Saudi Arabia Americans were killed and hundreds injured. Linked to al Qaida operatives.

31 Fatwa In August of 1998, Osama bin Laden and four of his close associates sign and distribute a statement declaring “it is the individual duty for every Muslim who can do it” to kill Americans.

32 Kenyan embassy bombings
Two American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania were bombed simultaneously in A total of 220 people were killed. Linked to al Qaida.

33 Al Qaeda training camps in the Sudan and Afghanistan were destroyed in retaliation but Osama somehow managed to survive the attack.

34 Millennium Attacks Foiled!
Jordanian police halted four bombings that were to occur on January 1, Sixteen al Qaeda members were arrested. June 23, 2000 Four al Qaeda terrorists were arrested after one tried to cross the Canadian border with nitroglycerin in his spare tire. They had set out to bomb Los Angeles International Airport.

35 USS Cole attack Oct. 2000 In Yemen, Al Qaeda operatives sent a suicide bomber using a small boat near the U.S.S. Cole and detonated its bomb, blowing a large hole in the U.S. Navy ship U.S. sailors killed.

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37 Where is Sudan and Yemen?

38 September 11, 2001 Four airplanes were hijacked by al Qaeda terrorists. Two crashed into the two World Trade Center towers. One crashed into the Pentagon, the headquarters of the United States armed forces. One crashed into a field in Pennsylvania, because passengers fought back and the plane down in the struggle.

39 2819 people were killed 343 firefighters, police officers and paramedics gave their lives in an attempt to rescue those trapped Khalid Sheik Muhhamad was the central planner of 9/11. Most terrorists (at right) who overpowered flight crews were from Saudi Arabia.

40 Unfortunately Bin Laden’s followers are very smart. They are probably hiding inside the lawless region of Pakistan, near the Afghan border. Pakistan is a powerful Muslim country who has cooperated with the United States for years. While the Pakistani government likes the United States, many of its citizens don’t.

41 Pakistan cont. . . If the Pakistani government goes after al Qaeda and its leadership too strongly, the Muslim people could overthrow the government and be the first al Qaeda-dominated nuclear power. This is what al Qaeda is hoping for.

42 Khalid Sheikh Mohammad
In September 2002, Pakistani officials arrested the 9/11 mastermind. In reality, he was more dangerous than bin Laden.

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64 Shoes people left behind to run faster.

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66 Looking for loved ones.


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