1. Or feeling a bit stressed lately???
FLUID PRESSURE
Or feeling a bit stressed lately???

2. Are you under a lot of pressure? Do you feel a lot of pressure?
Right now, 1000 N of pressure are pushing on the top of your head!

3. What is pressure? The result of a force distributed over an area
Pressure = force = Newton
area meters2
SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa)
1 Pa = 1 newton/m2

4. Atmospheric Pressure
The atmosphere is the thin layer of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases that surrounds Earth.
Atmospheric pressure is the pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere.
Atmospheric pressure is exerted on everything on Earth, including you.

5. Atmospheric Pressure
The air inside this balloon exerts pressure that keeps the balloon inflated against atmospheric pressure.

6. In the image below, the force of the air particles hitting the inner surface of the tire creates pressure, which keeps the tire inflated.

7. Fluids Exert Pressure
A fluid is any material that can flow and that takes the shape of its container. Fluids include liquids and gases.
All fluids exert pressure, which is the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface.

8. Fluids Exert Pressure, continued
Pressure and Bubbles Soap bubbles get rounder as they get bigger because fluids exert pressure evenly in all directions.
Since air is a fluid, adding air to an air bubble causes it to expand in all directions at once.

9. Fluids Exert Pressure, continued
Calculating Pressure Pressure can be calculated by using the following equation:
pressure =
force
area
The SI unit for pressure is the pascal. One pascal (1 Pa) is the force of one newton exerted over an area of one square meter (1 N/m2).

10. Examples
If the area of a box touching the ground is 1.5 square meters, and its weight is 2700 newtons, what pressure does the box exert on the ground?
A gymnast standing on one hand (area 0.02 m2) pushes down on the ground with a force of 600 N. How much pressure does the gymnast exert on the ground?

11. So . ……..
The greater the area the force is distributed over, the less the pressure

12. For example: sharp knife vs dull knife
Sharp knife exerts a LARGE FORCE over a small area
FORCE/ area = PRESSURE
Dull knife exerts a small force over a LARGE AREA
Force/AREA = pressure

13. You do the math Sharp knife: area = 1 mm2 Dull knife: area = 5 mm2
Force applied to each knife = 5 N
Sharp knife = 5/1 = 5N/m2
Dull knife = 5/5 = 1N/m2

14. How about? Soft Bed vs. hard floor
Bed exerts force upward equal to your weight
Mattress exerts force upward over your whole body
Floor only pushes on pressure points which are touching the floor

15. Ice skating (or roller blading)
Another example:
Ice skating (or roller blading)
A shoe distributes the force (body weight) over a much larger area than the skate
So the skate exerts a much higher pressure on the ice than the shoe does
The skate pushes into the ice and
Voila! You can skate!

16. So what are fluids? Substances that flow and have no definite shape
Examples: gases and liquids

17. What are some characteristics of pressure in fluids?

18. Standard atmospheric pressure = 14.7 pounds per square inch
What happened to this can?

19. Depth effects pressure
As depth increases, water pressure increases (directly proportional)

20. Altitude effects pressure
As altitude increase, air pressure decreases (inversely proportional)

21. Pressure Differences and Fluid Flow
Just by drinking through a straw you can observe an important property of fluids: Fluids flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.

22. Fluids want to . . .
Move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
Everything wants to be equal

23. Pressure Differences and Tornadoes The air pressure inside a tornado is very low. Because the air pressure outside of the tornado is higher than the pressure inside, air rushes into the tornado.
The rushing air causes the tornado to be like a giant vacuum cleaner.

24. Everything wants to be equal!
Pressure on the outside >>>> pressure on the inside
So when the can is heated, the can is crushed!
Why?????

25. PRESSURE!!!