1. Egyptian Civilization Section 2-4 pp. 50-56

2. Preview Questions ► How did religious beliefs shape the lives of early Egyptians? ► How was Egyptian Society organized? ► What advances did Egyptians make in learning and the arts?

3. Egyptian Religion ► Egyptians were POLYTHEISTIC ► Legend of Osiris and Isis Osiris

4. Egyptian Religion ► Ancient Egyptian gods included  Amen-Re: The King of the gods  Ma’at: goddess of truth, justice, and harmony  Nuit: goddess of the sky  Seth: god of wind and storms Re

5. Egyptian Religion ► Ib (Heart) ► Sheut (Shadow) ► Ren (Name) ► Ba (Soul / Personality) ► Ka (Life Force)

6. Belief in the Afterlife ► Believed to face a test in the afterlife  Worthy souls entered “Happy Field of Food”  Sinners faced the “Eater of the Dead” ► Book of the Dead  Learn spells to be used in afterlife

7. Mummification

8. Mummification ► Purpose: To give a soul use of its body in the afterlife (Ka) ► Used first for rulers and nobles

9. The Mummification Process ► “The Deluxe”  Preparation ► Brain extracted through nose ► Internal organs removed ► Body dried out with salts ► Treated with oil and resin  Beautification ► Hairdressers called in ► Wrapped in linen

10. The Mummification Process ► “The Deluxe”  Final Send Off ► Covered with amulets ► 'You will live again for ever. Behold, you are young again for ever‘ ► Goods needed for the afterlife were placed in tomb

11. King Tut’s Tomb - 1922

12. ► Tomb contained 413 Ushabti figures, intended to represent the king

13. King Tut’s Tomb - 1922 ► Made of solid gold ► Portrait of the young king ► Two protective animals, the cobra and vulture, are shown on the forehead

14. Egyptian Society ► Priests served pharaohs ► Most men were farmers or slaves ► Merchant class was important b/c of trade ► Women had many political and personal rights

15. Egyptian Learning ► Written Records:  Hieroglyphics  Ideograms  Papyrus ► Rosetta Stone  Helped scholars decipher hieroglyphics

16. Egyptian Learning ► Medicine and Science  Surgery  Astronomers developed calendar  Geometry

17. Review Questions ► How did religious beliefs shape the lives of early Egyptians? ► How was Egyptian Society organized? ► What advances did Egyptians make in learning and the arts?

18. The Mummy Maker Game ► Mummy Maker Mummy Maker Mummy Maker