1. Sourcing CLOSE READ Before/During/After CROSS-CHECKING

2. SOURCING --BEFORE CLOSE READ --DURING CROSS-CHECKING --AFTER Who wrote this? What is the author’s point of view? Why was it written? When was it written (a long or short time after the event)? Is this source believable (was the author at the event/does the author have personal knowledge of the event)? Why? What claims does the author make? What evidence does the author use? What words or phrases does the author use to convince me that he/she is right? What information does the author leave out?? What do other pieces of evidence say? Am I finding the same information or different versions in other sources? Which is most believable? Why?

3. A P P A S Author Place and Time Prior Knowledge Audience Significance R Reason T The Main Idea Documents

4. A P P A S AUTHOR Who created the source? What do you know about the author? PLACE and TIME When and where was the source produced? PRIOR KNOWLEDGE What background knowledge is needed? What was going on historically at the time? AUDIENCE Who was this source created for? Does this affect the reliability of the source? REASON Why was this source produced when it was? Why was this source needed? T THE MAIN IDEA What is this source trying to convey? What is the overall main idea or theme of the source? R SIGNIFICANCE Why was this source important? Summarize your findings about this source. What is your evidence?

5. G L O B S Geography Shown Legend and Compass Origin Background Knowledge Summary E Exact Title and Type Maps

6. G L O B S GEOGRAPHY SHOWN What is displayed on the map? What is the map of? LEGEND AND COMPASS What’s the orientation of the map? What scale is used on the map? What do the symbols used represent? ORIGIN Who made the map? When was it made? What time period does the map cover? BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE What do you already know about the subject? What historical background is needed to understand the map? EXACT TITLE AND TYPE OF MAP What is the title? Are there subtitles? What type of map is it? E SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MAP What is the meaning of the map? What can you summarize about the map?

7. L U K C S Label Units Key Content Summary A Assumptions or Attitudes Chart /Graph

8. L U K C S LABEL What is the label of the graph or chart? What is the subject or purpose? What items are being compared? UNITS What units of measurements are used in the graph or chart (both x and y axis)? KEY What do the symbols, colors, and other parts represent? CONTENT What is included in the content of the graph or chart? Why was this specific content included? What other content should have been included but wasn’t? ASSUMPTIONS or ATTITUDES What assumptions does the author make? Does the author draw specific conclusions about the topic in the chart? A SUMMARY What conclusions can you make about the information included in the chart or graph? Summarize the main ideas.

9. M U S E S Materials Used By Setting (time and place) Exact Description Significance (Story of artifact) U Used For M Modern Equivalent Artifacts

10. M U S E S MATERIALS What is it made of? Describe the material USED BY Who might have used it? What significance might it have to the original owner or group? SETTING When and where was it used? EXACT DESCRIPTION What does it look like? Is it movable? Has it been changed or repaired? USED FOR What is the purpose of this object? Does it tell anything about the life and times of the people who made it and used it? M MODERN EQUIVALENT What similar objects are used today? U SIGNIFICANCE /STORY OF THE OBJECT Summarize your findings about this object. What is your evidence?

11. P O S E S People Objects Setting (time and place) Engagement (action) Summary R Relationships Pictures

12. P O S E S PEOPLE What kind of people do you see in the photo? Are they posing? What is their clothing like? Who do you think these people are? OBJECTS What objects do you see? Do any of the objects seem out of place in the photo? What function(s) do the objects have? SETTING What is the setting (time and place)? What does the setting tell you about the people in the photo? ENGAGEMENT What action is happening? What emotions do you see? Is the action staged? RELATIONSHIPS What relationships do you see between individuals and/or objects? How are the people/objects connected to each other? R SUMMARY What other information do you know about this topic? How do all of the pieces fit together? Summarize 2 sentences.

13. Q U I L S Quantity Uses Identify Link to Previous Knowledge Summarize T Time Quilts

14. Q U I L S QUANTITY: What size is the quilt? What are the measurements? Is this the whole quilt or just pieces? USES: What is/was the quilt used for? Who uses/used the quilt? Is/was the quilt used in the same place as it was made? IDENTIFY: Identify the symbols, words, pictures, designs, and patterns of the quilt. LINK TO PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: What do you already know about the subject? What background knowledge is needed? What was happening historically at the time? TIME: When was the quilt made? When was the quilt used? T SUMMARIZE: What conclusions can you make about the information included in the quilt? What is your evidence? Patti Winkler Design Quilts--QUILTS

15. T A C O S Time Action Caption and Words Objects and People Summary Political Cartoons

16. T A C O S When was the cartoon created? What time period is the cartoon about? What else was happening historically at the time? What is going on in the cartoon? What are people doing? What’s happening in the cartoon? What is the caption? What do you think it means? What other words are used in the cartoon? Is there dialog? Can you tell the “tone” of the cartoon? What people or objects are in the cartoon? Are they exaggerated in size or manner? What is the overall idea or point of the cartoon? What message do you think the creator is trying to communicate?