1. Nervous System by Liam Gamble, Elizabeth Serunjogi, Chloe Kolbet.

2. Neurotransmitter and Chemical Synapse Chemical Synapse: the gap between the output zone of a neuron (at the axon ending) and the input zone of the adjacent cell or neuron Neurotransmitter: a signalling molecule stored in the neuron's cytoplasm that when released bridges gap and carries the neuron's message to the adjacent cell or neuron o excitatory effect: drives cell to neuron o inhibitory effect: drives cell away from neuron

3. Visual

4. 2 Examples of Neurotransmitters acetylcholine (ACh) o location: muscle o at synapses between motor neuron and muscle cell o released from muscle cell, diffuses across gap, and binds to receptors on muscle cells o excitatory effects: triggers action potential and muscle contraction Dopamine o location: brain o carries emotional and pleasure messages o excitatory effects (higher focus) and inhibitory effects (lower focus)

5. Electric to Chemical When an action potential reaches a nerve terminal, it opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and allows Ca2+ to flow into the terminal The increased Ca2+ in the nerve terminal stimulates the synaptic vesicles to release their neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft Stimulates Exocytosis

6. Receiving the Signal Neurotransmitters cross the neural membrane through exocytosis Neurotransmitters bind to the postsynaptic cell or neuron's membrane's receptors to carry the signal Neuron recycles neurotransmitters using reuptake protein pumps to retrieve neurotransmitters

7. Summary video.

8. References Neurogistics. The Brain Wellness Program, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2012.. Starr, Cecie, and Ralph Taggart. Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, 2001. Print. Cole Biology Series. The Chemical Synapse. Youtube. StudentHelp4AP, 20 Jan. 2012. Web. 8 Nov. 2012.. McKinley, Michael, and Valerie O'Loughlin. Animation: Chemical Synapse. Human Anatomy. Online Learning Center, 2006. Web. 8 Nov. 2012..