1. The Importance of Practicing Ethics in Research

2.  Summarize why it is important to practice ethical research.  Describe the basic principles of ethical research.  Distinguish between ethical and unethical research practices.  Summarize the role of professional organizations in providing ethical guidelines.

3.  A Bit of History  Basic Principles of Ethical Research  Ensuring High Ethical Standards

5.  David Resnick timeline David Resnick timeline  Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 1932-1972  U.S. Government, Research on effects of radiation on human beings, 1944-1980  1966 Henry Beecher article on 22 unethical studies published in New England Journal of Medicine  1974, Congress passes the National Research Act, authorizing federal agencies to develop human research regulations  Ongoing, Initiatives through professional organizations, universities, federal government to promote ethical conduct in research.

7.  Protect from harm  Maintain privacy  Avoid coercion  Provide for informed consent ◦ When using children as subjects, you must gain permission from parents, and you must exercise extra caution.  Maintain confidentiality  Debrief, especially if you have used deception  Share benefits

9.  Do a computer simulation if possible.  If the treatment might be harmful, try to find a population that has already been “naturally” treated.  Always secure informed consent.  If possible, report summary data rather than individual results.  If the treatment might have adverse side effects, begin with a small sample.  Ask your colleagues to review your proposal.  Receive Institutional Review Board approval to help ensure that you are meeting ethical guidelines.

10.  American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Guidelines American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Guidelines  Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD) Ethical Guidelines Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD) Ethical Guidelines  American Educational Research Association American Educational Research Association  American Sociological Association American Sociological Association  American Medical Association American Medical Association

11. 1. Generally, you may quote if the site does not prohibit use of information 2. Gaining consent should not disrupt normal, ongoing activities of real-time sites 3. Be conscientious about obtaining consent 4. Defend the confidentiality and identity of participants in public forums when results are reported

12.  Summarize why it is important to practice ethical research?  Describe the basic principles of ethical research?  Distinguish between ethical and unethical research practices?  Summarize the role of professional organizations in providing ethical guidelines?