1. Batch - HYD10 / 1516 Learning Group - HIS 44 Team - 4 Amit Kumar Singh-986715 Archana Patra-976243 Dipanjan Das-986510 Liza Samantaray-976265 Subhadeep Ghosh-986570 Subject – Verb – Object Simple & Compound Sentences

2. Subject – Verb – Object High School English Grammar and Composition by Wren & Martin specifies 20 types of verb usage-patterns. Subject + Verb Subject + Verb + Object Subject + Verb + Direct Object Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object

3. Subject + Verb Expresses a complete thought Subject + Verb Answers who/what is doing the action? Options: noun or pronoun – Shows an action or a state of being

4. Examples Dog barks. I am. Siblings argue. All should go. He and I arrived.

5. Answer SubjectVerb --------------------------------------------------------- Dogbarks. Iam. Siblingsargue. Allshould go. He and Iarrived.

6. Subject + Verb + Direct Object Who or What? Noun or pronoun ACTION verb OR VERB PHRASE (helping verb + action verb) Receives the action of the verb Ask yourself: [verb] what? The goalkeeper caught the ball.

7. Examples Monkeys eat bananas. She loves her job. He is eating an orange. Children like ice-cream. The arrow struck a tree.

8. Answers SubjectVerbDirect Object --------------------------------------------------------- Monkeys eatbananas. Shelovesher job. Heis eatingan orange. Childrenlikeice-cream. The arrowstrucka tree.

9. Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object Who or What? Noun or pronoun ACTION verb OR VERB PHRASE (helping verb + action verb) Identifies to or for whom or what the action of the verb is performed Ask yourself: [verb] to/for whom/what? Receives the action of the verb Ask yourself: [verb] what?

10. Examples The teacher gave her students A’s. The boy bought the girl a flower. I gave my friend an umbrella. Hector fed the dog his dinner.

11. Answers Subject Verb Indirect Object Direct Object --------------------------------------------------------------- The teacher gave her students A’s. The boy bought the girl a flower. I gave my friend an umbrella. Hector fed the dog his dinner.

12. Simple Sentences One subject and one predicate Mary plays tennis. SUBJECT PREDICATE Subject Predicate

13. play tennis.Tom and Mary Compound SubjectSimple Predicate & play tennis and swim. Tom and Mary Compound Subject Compound Predicate & &

14. S + V S + S + V S + S + V + V The dog jumped over the wall. The dog jumped over the wall and ran away. The dog and the wolf jumped over the wall and ran away. S + V + V The dog and the wolf jumped over the wall.

15. Compound Sentences A clause is a part of a sentence. It is the smallest grammatical unit that can express an complete thought. Clauses which can stand on their own are called Independent Clauses. A compound sentence consists of two or more Independent Clauses. Connected by Coordinating Conjunctions, Conjunctive Adverbs or a Semi-colon.

16. Sachin plays cricket and Schumacher is a F1 racer. Independent Clause 1 Independent Clause 2 For And Nor But Or Yet So Coordinating Conjunction The moon was bright, so we could see the path.

17. Conjunctive Adverbs Moreover However Otherwise Therefore Bob is handsome moreover he is rich. Semi-colon Tom has benefitted from his exercise program ; he is slim and energetic.

18. 1.I shall do it now or I shall not do it at all. 2.He gave them no money nor did he help them in any way. 3.He has passed the exams with First Grade, moreover he is the university topper too. 4.He threw the stone but it missed the dog. 5.The faculty has not turned up, therefore it is the CR’s job to inform the co-ordinator. 6.He is cither mad or he has become a criminal. 7.I both thanked him and rewarded him.

19. 1.I shall do it now or I shall not do it at all. 2.He gave them no money nor did he help them in any way. 3.He has passed the exams with First Grade, moreover he is the university topper too. 4.He threw the stone but it missed the dog. 5.The faculty has not turned up, therefore it is the CR’s job to inform the co-ordinator. 6.He is either mad or he has become a criminal. 7.I both thanked him and rewarded him.

20. Transitive & Intransitive Verbs Ramesh kicked the football. Ramesh laughed aloud. Most verbs can be used both as Transitive and as Intransitive verbs. It is, therefore, better to say that a verb is used Transitively or Intransitively rather than that it is Transitive or Intransitive. Some Verbs, e.g., come, go, fall, die, sleep, lie, denote actions which cannot be done to anything ; they can, therefore, never be used Transitively.

21. Used TransitivelyUsed Intransitively The ants fought the wasps.Ants fight fiercely. The shot sank the ship.The ship sank rapidly. The peon rang the bell.The bell rang loudly. The driver stopped the train. The train stopped suddenly. He spoke the truth.He spoke haughtily. The horse kicked the man.This horse never kicks. I feel a severe pain in my head. How do you feel ?

22. Reflexive Verbs The bubble burst [itself]. The guests made [themselves] merry. Please keep [yourselves] quiet. With these words he turned [himself] to the door. The Japanese feed [themselves] chiefly on rice.

23. 1. The sun shines brightly. 2. The boy cut his hand with a knife. 3. The clock stopped this morning. 4. The policeman blew his whistle. 5. The sun rises in the east. 6. An old beggar stood by the gate. 7. The clock ticks all day long. 8. I looked down from my window. 9. Put away your books. 10. The moon rose early. 11. The cat sleeps on the rug. 12. Cocks crow in the morning.

24. VerbNatureObject 1. shinesIntransitive 2. cutTransitivehis hand 3. stoppedIntransitive 4. blewTransitivehis whistle 5. risesIntransitive 6. stoodIntransitive 7. ticksIntransitive 8. lookedIntransitive 9. putTransitiveyour books 10. roseIntransitive 11. sleepsIntransitive 12. crowIntransitive

25. 13. Your book lies on the table. 14. The fire burns dimly. 15. Time changes all things. 16. We eat three times a day. 17. Tell the truth. 18. The birds sing in the green trees. 19. The little bird hopped about and sang. 20. My new watch does not keep good lime. 21. The beggar sat down by the side of the road. 22. I could not spare the time. 23. He took shelter under a tree. 24. The boy easily lifted the heavy weight.

26. VerbNatureObject 13. liesIntransitive 14. burnsIntransitive 15. changesTransitiveall things 16. eatIntransitive 17. tellTransitivethe truth 18. singIntransitive 19. hopped, sangIntransitive 20. does (not) keepTransitivegood time 21. satIntransitive 22. could (not) spare Transitivethe time 23. tookTransitiveshelter 24. liftedTransitivethe heavy weight

27. Thank you.