1. CH. 12– SEC. 4 MONROE AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS

2. CHANGES IN FOREIGN NATIONS CANADA BECOMES A NATION (1791)Britain divides Canada into two parts….upper an lower. Upper= English-speaking Lower= French Early 1800’s—Canadians rebel against Britain and they are united. AGREEMENT OVER FLORIDA 1810—Pres. Madison claims West Florida. Problem---Spain also claimed it and East Florida East Florida was a problem because of runaway slaves and the Seminole Indians. Andrew Jackson attacks area and takes control of a Spanish fort. Madison issues an ultimatum to Spain--- - “either govern Florida or sell it to the U.S.” ADAMS-ONIS TREATY---Spain ceded Florida to the U.S. and the U.S. paid $5 million to American citizens who had claims against Spain for property damage.

3. THE MONROE DOCTRINE MANY LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES WON THEIR FREEDOM FROM OTHER COUNTRIES-----MAINLY SPAIN, BRITAIN, PORTUGAL, FRANCE. U.S. granted diplomatic recognition to these new nations in Latin America…..but Spain planned to retake their colonies with the help of European allies. America needed something to tell the European nations that they were a power in the Western Hemisphere. (The Monroe Doctrine) Pres. Monroe gives his address in 1823----in it he says –“the U.S. would not interfere in the internal concerns of any European nation.” –“the American continents are not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by the European powers.” –“any act to extend your system to any portion of the hemisphere, would be determined as an act dangerous to our peace and safety.”

4. REACTIONS TO THE MONROE DOCTRINE Except for Britain, Europe was startled by this announcement. They did not challenge it…..no nation wanted to confront a U.S. that had the backing of Britain and its navy. Americans were proud of the Doctrine. Showed two things. –1. Political Independence of the U.S. –2. Growing Nationalism. Doctrine would become important when the U.S. becomes a major sea power.