2. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 1 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson Information, Computing & Communication Module 3 : Systems

3. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 2 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson ►How do computer systems work and what are they built out of to be able to process information with algorithms ? The questions addressed by this module

4. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 3 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson Information and computing sytems … ►Are built out of three technologies …  Transistors (for processors and memory circuits) => Lessons 1 (Architecture)  Flash, hard disks, and similar technologies (for storage devices) => Lessons 2 (Memory hierarchies) & 3 (Storage management)  Networks (for communications between computers and users) => Lesson 4 (Networks) ►And demand a driver’s license  IT security => Lesson 5 (Security) The answers given by this module

5. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 4 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson Information, Computing & Communication Computer Architecture Clip 0 – Introduction School of Computer Science & Communications P. Ienne (charts), Ph. Janson (commentary)

6. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 5 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson Outline ►Clip 0 – IntroductionClip 0 ►Clip 1 – Software technology – Assembler languageClip 1  Algorithms  Registers  Data instructions  Instruction numbering  Control instructions ►Clip 2 – Hardware architecture – Von Neumann’s stored program computer architectureClip 2  Data storage and processing  Control storage and processing ►Clip 3 – Hardware design – Instruction encodingClip 3 ►Hardware implementation – Transistor technology  Clip 4 – Computing circuits Clip 4  Clip 5 – Memory circuits Clip 5 ►Hardware performance  Clip 6 – Logic parallelism Clip 6  Clip 7 – Architecture parallelism Clip 7 First clipFirst clipPrevious clipNext clipNext clip

7. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 6 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson Sum of the n first integers Input : n Output: m s ← 0 as long as n > 0 s ← s + n n ← n – 1 m ← s Outline in some more details From algorithms to computers – Step 0 Hardware Software

8. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 7 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson Sum of the n first integers Input : r1 Output: r2 1: load r3, 0 2: jump_lte r1, 0, 6 3: add r3, r3, r1 4: add r1, r1, -1 5: jump 2 6: load r2, r3 From algorithms to computers – Step 1 Hardware Software Sum of the n first integers Input : n Output: m s ← 0 as long as n > 0 s ← s + n n ← n – 1 m ← s

9. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 8 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson From algorithms to computers – Step 2 Hardware Software Sum of the n first integers Input : n Output: m s ← 0 as long as n > 0 s ← s + n n ← n – 1 m ← s Sum of the n first integers Input : r1 Output: r2 1: load r3, 0 2: jump_lte r1, 0, 6 3: add r3, r3, r1 4: add r1, r1, -1 5: jump 2 6: load r2, r3

10. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 9 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson Sum of the n first integers Input : r1 Output: r2 1: 01000100001100000000 2: 01011000000100000110 3: 00010010001100110001 4: 00010010000100011111 5: 00011001000000000010 6: 01000100001000110000 From algorithms to computers – Step 3 Hardware Software Sum of the n first integers Input : n Output: m s ← 0 as long as n > 0 s ← s + n n ← n – 1 m ← s Sum of the n first integers Input : r1 Output: r2 1: load r3, 0 2: jump_lte r1, 0, 6 3: add r3, r3, r1 4: add r1, r1, -1 5: jump 2 6: load r2, r3

11. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 10 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson From algorithms to computers – Step 4 Hardware Software Sum of the n first integers Input : n Output: m s ← 0 as long as n > 0 s ← s + n n ← n – 1 m ← s Sum of the n first integers Input : r1 Output: r2 1: load r3, 0 2: jump_lte r1, 0, 6 3: add r3, r3, r1 4: add r1, r1, -1 5: jump 2 6: load r2, r3 Sum of the n first integers Input : r1 Output: r2 1: 01000100001100000000 2: 01011000000100000110 3: 00010010001100110001 4: 00010010000100011111 5: 00011001000000000010 6: 01000100001000110000

12. ICC Module 3 Lesson 1 – Computer Architecture 11 / 11 © 2015 Ph. Janson What about performance? Step 5 Source: Hennessy & Patterson, © MK 2011 Exponential growth of computer performance since decades