2. PRE-HOSPITAL TRAUMA CARE Fully owned by

3. Overview Objectives Response time Assessment Intervention Communication Challenges

4. PHTC Objectives Minimal response time Systematic assessment Interventions as per protocol Proper documentation Appropriate referral Timely handing over

5. Response Time The GOLDEN HOUR is our target Ambulance’s response is affected by;- Public education Communication Infrastructure Capacity and Road users/Police

6. Immediate Intervention Danger, scene size up, triage, BSI 1.Primary survey Airway & cervical immobilization Breathing Circulation Disability- AVPU Exposure- expose and observe

7. Secondary survey Full set of vital signs Give comfort measures (pain control) – Morphine – Diclofenac History taking (on transit) Inspection- head to toe exam

8. Trauma Equipment Cervical collars Head blocks + straps KED Sager splint Scoop stretcher Spinal board

9. ACLS Equipment AED Mechanical ventilator Portable O2 cylinder Cardiac Monitor Laryngoscope set

10. Communication 24/7 Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD) VHF HF Mobile phones Receiving Health Facilities Diagnosis, no. of casualties and ETA

11. Trauma Data MONTHNO. CASES TO KNH October 201249 November 201261 December 201251 January 201335 February 201331 March 201334 TOTAL261

12. Referral 1.Documentation - Patient care report 1.Handing over - Patient received by Dr./Nurse 1.Debriefing -within 24hrs

13. Challenges Public awareness on EMS- Emergency numbers Poor infrastructure leading to delays in response The ‘’Kenyan Good Samaritan’’ Lack of extrication devices Inadequately trained Pre-Hospital Care personnel Lack of trauma center in Kenya

16. Q&A