1. Commentary on: The Virtual Observatory G. Jogesh Babu Center for Astrostatistics http://astrostatistics.psu.edu

2. Moving Data is Slow! 14 minutes6172001,920,0009600OC 1922.2 hours1000Gbps 1 day100100 Mpbs 14 hours97631649,000155OC3 2 days2,01065128,00043T3 2 months2,4698001,2001.5T1 5 months360117500.6Home DSL 6 years3,0861,000400.04 Home phone Time/TB $/TB Sent $/Mbps Rent $/month Speed Mbps Context Source: TeraScale Sneakernet, Microsoft Research, Jim Gray et al. How long does it take to move a Terabyte? (how about a Petabyte?)

3. Federate the existing and forthcoming large digital sky surveys and archives, and provide the tools for their scientific exploitation A dynamical, interactive, web-based research environment for the new astronomy with massive data sets http://astrostatistics.psu.edu/vostat/ Technology-enabled, but science- driven Data analysis for VO

4. The VOStat Project Web-based statistics services for the VO (Babu, Feigelson,Djorgovski, Graham, Mahabal, Nichol, Wasserman, et al.) Data Client Powerful Statistical Computers VOStat Web service Tools for data exploration and analysis in the VO and other science environments

5. Streaming algorithms Object detection in multi-epoch/band data ( Data from different surveys of the same field ) Sequential smoothing of massive multivariate data. –Convex hull pealing methods Exploratory analysis on subsets of data through VOStat