1. Chapter 19 – Properties of Atoms and the Periodic table
19.1 – Structure of the Atom
Guided Notes Page

2. Objectives - 1-4 Identify the names and symbols of common elements.
Describe characteristics and location of atomic particles. (Composition and charge)
Describe the electron cloud model of the atom.
Explain how electrons are arranged in an atom.

3. Scientific Shorthand
Chemical symbols = used to abbreviate the name of an element
Accepted and used worldwide

4. One capital letter or one capital letter and 1-2 lowercase letters
Some are simply the 1st (or 1st and another letter) of the element’s name
H = Hydrogen Ca = Calcium
Others are derived from the Latin name of the element
Ag = Silver Fe = Iron

5. Latin names Cu – Cuprum (Copper) Au – Aurum (Gold) Fe – Ferrum (Iron)
Pb – Plumbum (Lead)
Hg – Hydrargyum (Mercury)
K – Kalium (Potassium)
Ag – Argentum (Silver)
Na – Nathum (Sodium)
W – Wolfram (Tungsten)

6. Atomic Components
Atom = smallest piece of matter that retains properties of the element
Atomic Particles
Protons (p+) = positive charged particles
Neutrons (no) = uncharged particles
Electrons (e-)= negative charged particles

7. Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom

8. Quarks
Scientists confirm that p+ & no are made of smaller particles called Quarks
6 uniquely different quarks
Arrangement of 3 = proton
Different arrangement of 3 = neutron

9.
Atomic Model
400 B.C. – Democritus proposed the idea that atoms make up all substances
Aristotle disputed Democritus' theory and said matter was uniform throughout and not composed of smaller particles
Aristotle had more clout and his theory held for more than 2000 years

10. Atomic Model 1800s – John Dalton was able to prove atoms exist
Solid sphere = atom
Provided physical explanation for chemical reactions

11.
Atomic Model
1904 – J.J. Thomson said electrons were found throughout positive sphere
1911 – Ernest Rutherford said atoms was not a sphere but rather a central mass (nucleus) surrounded by electrons

12. Atomic Model 1913 – Niels Bohr said electrons move in fixed orbits

13. Atomic Model - current
Electron Cloud Model = area around nucleus where electron likely to be found
Electrons move so quickly it is difficult to pinpoint exact location
Electrons do not follow a rigid pattern of movement

14. In-Class Assignment/Homework
19.1 Reinforcement WKT

15. Modeling an Aluminum Atom
Gather 13 blue dots, 13 green dots and 14 red dots
Arrange all blue dots and all red dots on a flat surface to represent the nucleus of an atom
Each blue dot = proton
Each red dot = neutron
Position 2 green dots 2 cm from the nucleus
Position 8 green dots 5 cm from the nucleus
Position 3 green dots 8 cm from the nucleus
Answer questions from pg. 581 on back of paper