1. Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse (Cigarettes and Alcohol)

2. 1. Do you smoke?
2. Is there someone who lives with you, who smoke?
3. Do you have friends who smoke?
4. Are you often exposed to cigarette smoke?
5. Do you sometimes find yourself with people who smoke?

3. 6. When people around you smoke, do you let them know that you do not want to inhale
or smell their smoke?
7. Have you tried giving disapproving look at people who smoke to let them know that you indirectly dislike smoking?

4. 8. Have you ever commented about someone smoking but not directly to the smoker?
9. Have you ever asked smokers to get rid of their smoke?

5. 10. Have you ever asked smokers to transfer to another place so that you would not inhale their smoke?
11. Have you ever tried moving away from a smoker who does not listen to your appeal?
12. If you are in a vehicle and someone is smoking, do you roll down the window or turn towards the window to avoid inhaling smoke?

6. 13. Have you ever tried moving away from a smoker without asking him/ her to move away instead?
14. Will you just let smokers smoke near you, choosing to be passive, saying nothing and doing nothing?
15. Are you afraid that if you speak out and ask a smoker to stop smoking or move away from you, that he/ she will laugh or get mad at you?

7. LESSON 1: The Dangers of Cigarette Smoking
PART ONE – WHAT TO KNOW

8. True or False.
Write TRUE if the statement is true and FALSE if the statement is false.
Write your answers in your notebook/answer sheet/journal.

9. 1.Secondhand smoke is dangerous to one’s health.
2. Smoking inside the school premises is a violation of R.A
3. Cigarette smoking and use of smokeless tobacco kills thousands of Filipinos every year.

10. 4. The longer cigarette smoke stays in the body, the more it causes damage to body parts.
5. Cancer, heart diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are just some of the diseases caused by cigarette smoking.

11. Start Up Activity
Study the editorial cartoon on the right side. Describe the picture. Do you agree with what the picture intends to tell you?

13. Activity 2: Why do Teenagers Smoke?
Answer the questions found on each cigarette diagram. Place your answers on the smoke provided space.

14. Why do teenagers experiment on more dangerous drugs?
Why do teenagers smoke?

15. Tobacco is a tall,
leafy plant,
originally grown in
South and Central America, but now cultivated through
out the world.

16. There are many species of tobacco but Nicotiana
tabacum or sometimes called “common tobacco” is preferred for producing present day cigarettes.

18. Tobacco use has been recorded as early as 600-900 C. E
Tobacco use has been recorded as early as C.E. as carved drawings on stones, were discovered in Mexico.

19. American Indians smoked it for special religious occasions and medical purposes only. They never smoked cigar everyday.

20. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tobacco smoking and chewing is the second leading cause of death around the world.

21. Each time a person puffs a cigarette or chew tobacco, more than 4,000 chemicals comes into his/her contact. All of these chemicals harm people in one way or another.

23. Nicotine is addictive.[11] In lesser doses (an average cigarette yields about 2 mg of absorbed nicotine), the substance acts as astimulant in mammals, while high amounts (50–100 mg) can be harmful.[12][13][14] This stimulant effect is a contributing factor to the addictive properties of tobacco smoking. Nicotine's addictive nature includes psychoactive effects, drug-reinforced behavior, compulsive use, relapse after abstinence, physical dependence and tolerance.

24. Most vinyl chloride is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic and vinyl products.  Acute (short-term) exposure to high levels of vinyl chloride in air has resulted in central nervous system effects (CNS), such as dizziness, drowsiness, and headaches in humans.  Chronic (long-term) exposure to vinyl chloride through inhalation and oral exposure in humans has resulted in liver damage.  Cancer is a major concern from exposure to vinyl chloride via inhalation, as vinyl chloride exposure has been shown to increase the risk of a rare form of liver cancer in humans.  EPA has classified vinyl chloride as a Group A, human carcinogen.
Most of the vinyl chloride produced in the United States is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a material used to manufacture a variety of plastic and vinyl products including pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. (1)
Smaller amounts of vinyl chloride are used in furniture and automobile upholstery, wall coverings, housewares, and automotive parts. (1)
Vinyl chloride has been used in the past as a refrigerant.

27. a bluish-white malleable ductile toxic divalent metallic element used especially in batteries, pigments, and protective platings
 This soft, bluish-white metal is chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12, zinc and mercury.

28. Ammonia is a strong, colorless gas
Ammonia is a strong, colorless gas. If the gas is dissolved in water, it is called liquid ammonia. Poisoning may occur if you breathe in ammonia. Poisoning may also occur if you swallow or touch products that contain very large amounts of ammonia.
WARNING: Never mix ammonia with bleach. This causes the release of toxic chlorine gas, which can be deadly.

29. Acetone is a colorless and highly flammable manufactured liquid
Acetone is a colorless and highly flammable manufactured liquid. It has a distinctive fruity or mint-like odor and a pungent taste. It is also found naturally in plants, trees, volcanic gases, and forest fires, and as a by-product of the breakdown of body fat. It is found in vehicle exhaust, tobacco smoke, and landfill sites. The chemical formula for acetone is C3H6O.  Acetone is used as a solvent to dissolve other substances, such as paints, varnishes, lacquers, fats, oils, waxes, resins, printing inks, plastics, and glues. It is used to make plastics, fibers, drugs, rayon, photographic film, smokeless powder, and other chemicals. It is also used for cleaning and drying precision parts.  Household and consumer products that contain acetone include fingernail polish remover, particle board, paint remover, liquid or paste waxes and polishes, detergent, cleaning products, and rubber cement.

30. Agent Characteristics
APPEARANCE: Colorless or pale blue liquid below 78°F (25.6°C), colorless gas above 78°F (25.6°C).
DESCRIPTION: Hydrogen cyanide (AC) is a systemic chemical asphyxiant. It interferes with the normal use of oxygen by nearly every organ of the body. Exposure to hydrogen cyanide (AC) can be rapidly fatal. It has whole-body (systemic) effects, particularly affecting those organ systems most sensitive to low oxygen levels: the central nervous system (brain), the cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels), and the pulmonary system (lungs). Hydrogen cyanide (AC) is a chemical warfare agent (military designation, AC). It is used commercially for fumigation, electroplating, mining, chemical synthesis, and the production of synthetic fibers, plastics, dyes, and pesticides. Hydrogen cyanide (AC) gas has a distinctive bitter almond odor (others describe a musty "old sneakers smell"), but a large proportion of people cannot detect it; the odor does not provide adequate warning of hazardous concentrations. It also has a bitter burning taste and is often used as a solution in water.

31. What is benzene?
Benzene is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet odor. It evaporates quickly when exposed to air. Benzene is formed from natural processes, such as volcanoes and forest fires, but most exposure to benzene results from human activities.
Benzene is among the 20 most widely used chemicals in the United States. It is used mainly as a starting material in making other chemicals, including plastics, lubricants, rubbers, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. In the past it was also commonly used as an industrial solvent (a substance that can dissolve or extract other substances) and as a gasoline additive, but these uses have been greatly reduced in recent decades.
Benzene is also a natural part of crude oil and gasoline (and therefore motor vehicle exhaust), as well as cigarette smoke.

33.  a poisonous chemical that is used especially to kill insects and weeds
1:  a trivalent and pentavalent metalloid poisonous element that is commonly metallic steel gray, crystalline, and brittle and is used especially in wood preservatives, alloys, and semiconductors — see element table
2:  a poisonous trioxide As2O3 or As4O6 of arsenic used especially as an insecticide or weed killer —called also arsenic trioxide

34. Nitrosamines
 A class of complex organic nitrogen molecules formed in the stomach by a reaction between nitrites and the aminegroups of certain proteins, or else ingested pre-formed in beer and certain drugs or absorbed from cigarette smoke (the nitrosamine levels insmokers is up to eight times that of nonsmokers). Nitrosamines are carcinogenic, and are implicated in cancers of the stomach, oesophagus,nasopharynx and urinary bladder; the reaction between of nitrites and amines can be inhibited with antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E,and others.

35. Formaldehyde is a naturally-occurring organic compound with the formula CH2O. It is the simplest aldehyde and is also known by itssystematic name methanal. The common name of this substance comes from its similarity and relation to formic acid.
Formaldehyde is an important precursor to many other materials and chemical compounds. In 1996, the installed capacity for the production of formaldehyde was estimated to be 8.7 million tons per year.[7] It is mainly used in the production of industrial resins, e.g., for particle board and coatings.

36. Tar is a black mixture of hydrocarbons and free carbon[1] obtained from a wide variety of organic materials through destructive distillation.[2][3][4] Tar can be produced from coal, wood, petroleum, or peat.[4] Production and trade in pine-derived tar was a major contributor in the economies of Northern Europe[5] and Colonial America. Its main use was in preserving wooden vessels against rot. The largest user was the Royal Navy. Demand for tar declined with the advent of iron and steel ships.
 any of various dark brown or black bituminous usually odorous viscous liquids obtained by destructive distillation of organic material (as wood, coal, or peat); especially :  one used medicinally (as to treat skin diseases)

37. In studies conducted, 43 of these chemicals are known carcinogens.
1. Carcinogens are substances which cause cancer.

39. 2. Nicotine, the addictive drug found in tobacco products like cigarettes is a poisonous stimulant.

42. A stimulant drug increases the central nervous system (CNS) activity.

43. The central nervous system controls all body organs like the heart, lungs, brain and processes like heart rate, blood pressure rate, respiration rate, and more.

44. There are three smokes produced by cigarette smoking namely:

45. 1. Mainstream Smoke – refers specifically to the smoke that a smoker directly inhales.

46. 2. Sidestream Smoke
the smoke that comes out of the lighted end of a cigarette or pipe. This is also called “second-hand smoke (SHS) or “environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).

48. 3.Third-hand Smoke – smoke left for a long time on sofa, beddings, pillow and other objects. This smoke also called residual tobacco smoke (RTS) settles along with dust and can last for months.

50. RISKS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING

52. 1.What did you feel while looking at these pictures?
2.What generalization can you form based from the given pictures regarding the long-term health effects of cigarette smoking?

54. QUIZ
ONE WHOLE PAPER

55. QUIZ
1 HALF
LENGTH
WISE

56. 1._______ is a tall,
leafy plant,
originally grown in
South and Central America, but now cultivated through
out the world.

57. 2. There are many species of tobacco but Nicotiana
tabacum or sometimes called ______________is preferred for producing present day cigarettes.

58. 3. Tobacco use has been recorded as early as 600-900 C. E
3. Tobacco use has been recorded as early as C.E. as carved drawings on stones, were discovered in ______.

59. American Indians smoked it for special 4. _________and 5
American Indians smoked it for special 4._________and 5.__________ only. They never smoked cigar everyday.

60. Each time a person puffs a cigarette or chew tobacco, more than 6
Each time a person puffs a cigarette or chew tobacco, more than 6.______ chemicals comes into his/her contact. All of these chemicals harm people in one way or another.

61. In studies conducted, 43 of these chemicals are known carcinogens.
7. _______ are substances which cause cancer.

62. 9.______the addictive drug found in tobacco products like cigarettes is a poisonous stimulant.

64. A 9._________ drug increases the central nervous system (CNS) activity.

65. The 10.________ system controls all body organs like the heart, lungs, brain and processes like heart rate, blood pressure rate, respiration rate, and more.

66. There are three smokes produced by cigarette smoking namely:

67. 11. _____– refers specifically to the smoke that a smoker directly inhales.

68. 12. __________________
the smoke that comes out of the lighted end of a cigarette or pipe. This is also called “second-hand smoke (SHS) or “environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).

70. 13._____________ – smoke left for a long time on sofa, beddings, pillow and other objects. This smoke also called residual tobacco smoke (RTS) settles along with dust and can last for months.

71. 14-18Give atleast five content chemicals of tobacco.