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2. Olympic Games

3. Olympic games through history

4. Political Issues 1936 Berlin Olympic Games Jesse Owens Hitler’s Nazi Party was in power. He used the game for propaganda purposes. He discriminated against minorities, especially Jews. He used the games as a stage to influence people’s opinions about minorities.

5. 1972 Munich Games Palestinian terrorists took 11 Israeli athletes and officials hostage. They did this to gain publicity for their cause and gain the release of Arab prisoners in Israel. A failed police rescue attempt resulted in all the hostages being killed. Munich disaster

6. Financial Issues 1976 Montreal Games Past games have been very expensive to host. The Montreal Games began with the stadium unfinished and the country ended up in debt. 1984 Los Angeles Games These were the first games to make a substantial profit. All games have made a profit since 1984.

7. 1992 Barcelona Games South Africa were allowed to take part again after the release of Nelson Mandela from prison and the removal of Apartheid.

8. Two of the biggest sporting events in the world are happening this year in South Africa and in London in 2012. Write down two headings, ADVANTAGES and DISADVANTAGES. With a partner think of as many advantages and disadvantages for the host city/country

9. Example Questions 1.London has been successful in being chosen as the venue to host the 2012 Olympic Games. (i)Explain, using an example, how this could prove to be an advantage to London. (2) (ii)Explain, using a different example, how this could prove to be a disadvantage to London. (2) (Total 4 marks) 2.Major international sporting competitions have become more and more popular. (i)Name one major international sporting competition.(1) (ii)Describe three advantages which might be gained by a country hosting one of these major international competitions. (3) (iii)Describe three disadvantages which might result from a country hosting one of these major international competitions. (3) (Total 7 marks)

10. Answers 1.(i)Award up to two marks for a correct answer. Award one mark for correctly explaining an advantage and one mark for a correct example Examples include: more money or revenue could be received/ through receipts for ticket sales/ increased level of tourism/ high levels of sponsorship money greater chance of success for home performers/ greater levels of support and not having to travel so far could advantage British performers regeneration legacy Accept the above plus any other suitable examples.2 (ii)Award up to two marks for a correct answer. Award one mark for correctly explaining a disadvantage and one mark for a correct example. Examples include: higher levels of taxation/ to help pay for the facilities, road and rail links etc greater expense/ to help pay for the high levels of security which would be necessary risk of being a terrorist target Accept the above plus any other suitable examples.2 [4]

11. Answers 2.(i)Award one mark for a correctly named international sporting competition: Olympic Games Commonwealth Games World Cups (soccer, rugby, cricket) Wimbledon Hong Kong Sevens (consider overseas centres)1 (ii)Award one mark for each correctly described advantage of hosting competitions. Note that one word answers are not sufficient; there must be an accompanying brief description. Financial gain/more money through visitors, tourists etc. Better facilities/these may have to be built or upgraded for competition Improved road or travel links/which have to be upgraded or provided Extra facilities/such as competitor villages which are then available afterwards The profile of sport is raised/making sport more successful or popular in that area Automatic qualification/often for the hosts in many competitions Can advantage home competitors/they will have the ‘home’ support. Accept the above plus any other suitable examples. Repetitive use of “more” (or equivalent) = two mark maximum.3

12. Answers (iii)Award one mark for each correctly described disadvantage of hosting competitions. Note that one word answers are not sufficient; there must be an accompanying brief description. May be a target/for terrorism or political statements The country or area might not be able to cope/with the number of people wanting to attend It can be very expensive/could leave a large debt to be paid off later Pressure on the hosts to do well/simply because they are the hosts. Accept the above plus any other suitable examples. Repetitive use of “more” (or equivalent) = two mark maximum.3 [7]