1. A Global Conflict

2. A Global Conflict: America Enters  America Joins the Fight Sinking of the Lusitania – May 7, 1915 ○ British passenger ship carrying 128 Americans sunk by Germans ○ Outrage in U.S., but no declaration of war Unrestricted submarine warfare ○ Germany stops it after Lusitania incident, but resumes in 1917 Zimmerman telegram ○ Germany implores Mexico to declare war on the U.S. ○ Released to the press by President Woodrow Wilson to drum up support for entering the war April 6, 1917 - US declares war on Germany

3. A Global Conflict: War Affects the Home Front  Governments Wage Total War Total War = idea that the entire nation was at war, not just the soldiers Question: How does a government convince their entire populace to fight a war? Answer: They force them! During war-time, freedoms were severely restricted ○ Capitalism was put on hold ○ Wage and price controls, established work days, took over factories, etc. Use of propaganda to motivate populace

4. A Global Conflict: Colonial Warfare  How was WWI a “global conflict?” Where did British, French, and Germans get the men to fight the war? ○ Their colonies! ○ Millions from Africa, Asia, Australia, and N. Zealand Was this just a “European War?” ○ Major players such as the Ottoman Empire, Japan, and the U.S. were not European European powers fought battles all over the world

5. A Global Conflict: The Allies Win the War  Russia Withdraws March 1917 Czar steps down 5.5 million Russians dead March 1918 Treaty of Brest- Litovsk ○ Russia gives up 1/3 of its pre- war territory, abandons the Allies  Central Powers Collapse Fresh US troops 2 nd Battle of the Marne ○ Tanks ○ 2 million more US troops arrive Central Powers Mutiny ○ November 9, 1918 - Kaiser abdicates ○ November 11, 1918 - Armistice

6. CountryMen mobilizedKilledWounded POW’s + missing Total casualties casualties in % of men mobilized Russia12 million1.7mill4.9mill2.5mill9.15mill76.3 France8.4 mill1.3mill4.2mill537,0006.1mill73.3 GB + Empire8.9mill908,0002mill191,0003.1mill35.8 Italy5.5mill650,000947,000600,0002.1mill39 USA4.3mill126,000234,0004,500350,0008 Japan800,000300900312100.2 Romania750,000335,000120,00080,000535,00071 Serbia700,00045,000133,000153,000331,00047 Belgium267,00013,80045,00034,50093,00035 Greece230,000500021,000100027,00012 Portugal100,000722213,70012,00033,00033 Total Allies42million5 million13million4 million22million52% Germany11million1.7million4.2million1.1million7.1million65 Austria7.8million1.2million3.6million2.2million7 million90 Turkey2.8million325,000400,000250,000975,00034 Bulgaria1.2million87,000152,00027,000266,00022 Total Central Powers 22.8mill3.3million8.3million3.6million15 million67 Grand Total65 million8.5mill21million7.7mill37million57%