1. The Colonies Grow

2. Navigation Acts ► England views colonies as economic resource ► Mercantilism: Colonial raw materials used to make goods sold back to colonists Mercantilism  Trade grows = $ = Power ► Navigation Acts  Series of Laws (1651-73)  Colonists could only use English ships  Limited trade of certain goods ► England views colonies as economic resource ► Mercantilism: Colonial raw materials used to make goods sold back to colonists Mercantilism  Trade grows = $ = Power ► Navigation Acts  Series of Laws (1651-73)  Colonists could only use English ships  Limited trade of certain goods

4. Smuggling ► Illegal trading with other nations.

5. Colonial Governments

6. Charter Colonies ► Rhode Island and Connecticut ► Established by settlers given a charter ► Elected own governors and members of legislature  Britain had approval rights

7. Proprietary Colonies ► Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania ► Proprietors: People to whom Britain granted land.  Free to rule as wished  Appointed governor  Colonists elected lower house representatives

8. Royal Colonies ► Georgia, Massachusetts, NH, NJ, NY, Carolinas, and Virginia ► Directly ruled by Britain  King appointed governor and council (upper house)  Colonists elected lower house representatives ► Constant Conflict between colonists and gov’t

9. Voting Rights ► Only white, male, landowners ► Strong participation

10. The Great Awakening ► 1720s-1740s ► Religious revival ► Lead by Preacher Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield  Traveled through colonies bringing word of God to common people (slaves, farmers, etc)  Called for returning to strong faith of earlier days

12. Men ► Formal heads of households ► Helped care for children ► Worked in fields ► Built farms, houses, fences ► Represented family at community affairs

13. Women ► Cooked ► Made butter, cheese, and preserved food ► Made clothes ► Tended to chicken and cows ► Many worked alongside husbands in fields ► Could attend church  Not allowed to speak, vote, or serve as clergy ► Jobs: maids, cooks, nurses, teachers

14. Children ► Sons worked as indentured servants or apprentices ► Taught to read and write at home by parents  To read the bible ► Public Education Law  Passed by Puritans  Towns with 50+ households must have a school  1750 – 85% literacy rate

15. The Enlightenment ► Spread the idea society could be improved by  Knowledge  Reason  Science ► People observed nature, staged experiments, and published findings  Benjamin Franklin: Best known American Scientist