1. Macromolecules Chapter 2 Section 3

2. What are the 6 elements most common to living things? 1. Carbon 2. Hydrogen 3. Oxygen 4. Nitrogen 5. Phosphorus 6. Sulfur Next to each write down the # of valence e’s & how many bonds each one can form.

3. Carbon Carbon forms the backbone of macromolecules Why? 4 valence electrons  4 bonds Forms long chains

4. Macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

5. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

6. NameExampleFunctionElementsSubunit Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Sugar, Bread, Pasta Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

7. NameExampleFunctionElementsSubunit Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Energy (quick & long term) Not storage Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

8. NameExampleFunctionElementsSubunit Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate C,H,O Special Ratio 1:2:1 Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

9. NameExampleFunctionElementsSubunit Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Saccarides - mono (glucose) - di (sucrose) - poly (starch or cellulose) Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

10. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Exists as Chains or Rings Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

11. NameExampleFunctionElementsSubunit Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Sugar, Bread, Pasta Energy (quick & long term) C,H,O Special Ratio 1:2:1 Saccarides - mono - di - poly Exists as Chains or Rings Ends in ose Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

12. Which one of the following molecules are carbohydrates?

13. Indicator  Iodine is an indicator for carbohydrates!  Bread Demo

14. Macromolecules  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Proteins  Nucleic Acids

15. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid

16. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Oils, Fats, butters, milk, cheese,

17. NameExampleFunction Elemen ts Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Oils, Fats, butters, milk, cheese, yogurt 1.Long term storage of energy 2.Protection 3.Insulation 4.Messengers – Hormones 5.Cell Membrane – Phospholipids

19. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid C,H,O No fixed ratio

20. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Fatty acids 3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol  triglyceride

21. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid C,H,O No fixed ratio Fatty acids3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol  triglyceride (fig 1.19) Saturated & Unsaturated Count the C,H,O! Write down the ratio!

22. Macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

23. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Muscles, meat, fish, peanuts enzymes Nucleic Acid

24. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Muscles, meat, fish, beans 1. Structural 2. Movement 3. Reactions Nucleic Acid

25. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein C,H,O, & N Nucleic Acid

26. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Muscles, meat, fish, beans Structural Movement Enzymes Send & Receive Messages (receptors) C,H,O, & N Amino acid 5 groups 1.Central C 2.Hydrogen 3.Amino (NH2) 4.Acid (COOH) 5.Variable (R) Nucleic Acid

27. Peptide Bond Bond between acid and amino group in a protein

28. Polypeptide

29. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Muscles, meat, fish, beans Structural Movement Enzymes Send & Receive Messages (receptors) C,H,O, & NAmino acid 5 groups 1.Central C 2.Hydrogen 3.Amino (NH2) 4.Acid (COOH) 5.Variable (R) Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary End in -ine Nucleic Acid

30. Shape is Important!

31. Macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

32. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid DNA & RNA

33. NameExampleFunctionE Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid DNA & RNA Makes up genetic material (chromosomes) Instructions that tell the cell what to do! Control protein production

34. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid DNA & RNA C,H,O,N, & P Nucleotide

35. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid DNA & RNA nucleotide3 groups 1.5 carbon sugar 2.Base – N 3.Phosphate

36. Nucleotide Structure

37. NameExampleFunctionElements Subunit/ Monomer Structure/ Functional groups Misc. Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid DNA & RNA Discovered by Watson & Crick!