1. METHODS OF SUBJECTIVEEXAMINATION SUBJECTIVEEXAMINATION MUDr. Pavel Stodůlka,PhD. stodulka@bnzlin.cz www.LASIK.cz

2. VISUAL ACUITY The eye can distinguish two points as separte when the angle of view is 1´ or greater. Then the points stimulate cones leaving at least one between them unstimulated. The eye can distinguish two points as separte when the angle of view is 1´ or greater. Then the points stimulate cones leaving at least one between them unstimulated.

3. VISUAL ACUITY EXAMINATION u optotypes u 6 meters u V = 6/6 … 6/60 u first right eye, left, both FAR DISTANCE

4. T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P V N H F O F C U F O V P T Snellen’s optotype / chart 60 36 24 12 10 7,5 6

5. T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P V N H F O F C U F O V P T Visual acuity examination – far distance 60 36 24 12 10 7,5 6 V 6/60 = 0,1 V 6/6 = 1,0 V 6/12 = 0,5

6. logarithmical optotype Landolt’s C / opened rings

8. VISUAL ACUITY EXAMINATION u full-line method u threshold method – at least 50% right FAR DISTANCE

9. T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P V N H F O F C U F O V P T 60 36 24 12 10 7,5 6 1. full-line method method 2. threshold method method V 6/24 V 6/12

10. EXAMINATION of weak-sighted EXAMINATION of weak-sighted u optotypes from 6 meters u optotypes from 1 meters u optotypes from 0,5 m u finger counting from 1m to 20cm u hand motion in front of the eye u light perception, light projection

11. T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P V N H F O F C U F O V P T Visual acuity examination of weak-sighted from 1m 60 36 24 12 10 7,5 6 V 1/60 V 1/6 V 1/12

12. EXAMINATION of weak-sighted EXAMINATION of weak-sighted u optotypes from 6 meters u optotypes from 1 meters u optotypes from 0,5 m u finger counting from 1m to 20cm u hand motion in front of the eye u light perception, light projection

13. T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P V N H F O F C U F O V P T 60 36 24 12 10 7,5 6 Practical(legal)blindness V 1/36 (from 1 meter)

14. VISUAL ACUITY EXAMINATION u 35 centimeters u Jager’s chart u from nr. 1 to nr. 14 u first right eye, left, both close distance

15. REFRACTION EXAMINATION u OBJECTIVE - skiaskopy - autorefractometer - autorefractometer u SUBJECTIVE - optotypes + glasses case optotypes + glasses case

16. u contrast sensitivity u adaptation to the darkness u colour sense OTHER SUBJECTIVE EYE EXAMINATIONS

17. COLOUR SENSE u wave length 380 - 760 nm u blue 450nm u green 550nm u red 580nm

18. COLOUR SENSE pseudoisochromatic pseudoisochromaticcharts

20. pseudoisochromatic charts pseudoisochromatic charts

21. PERIMETRY = examination of the visual field

22. PERIMETRY u COMPUTER-ASSISTED PERIMETRY static qvantitative perimetry static qvantitative perimetry u GOLDMANN’S PERIMETER kinetic perimetry kinetic perimetry

23. Computer-assistedperimeter

24. PERIMETRY SCOTOMA SCOTOMA= defect in visual field defect in visual field

25. SCOTOMA u ABSOLUTE - doesn’t see anything u RELATIVE - decreased visual sensitivity u POSITIVE - realizes that u NEGATIVE – doesn’t realize that

26. PHYZIOL. SCOTOMA u „blind spot“ u place where the optic nerve enters the retina

27. BREAK ! BREAK !