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3. $100 $200 $300 $400 $500

4. C1-$100 - $100 Constitutional sharing of power between a central government and state governments federalism

5. C1-$200 - $200 What is included in making a fundamental Democratic structure? Federalism, separation of powers, checks & balances, and constitutionalism

6. C1-$300 - $300 Which clause states that the national govt. must observe fair procedures when it denies a person life, liberty, or property? The Due Process clause 5 th amendment

7. C1-$400 - $400 The exchange of support or favors, especially by legislators for mutual political gain as by voting for each other’s bill logrolling

8. C1-$500 - $500 How is a permanent congress created? It’s created when members of office have an incumbency advantage over nominees; Incumbency advantage created safe seats

9. C2-$100 - $100 What are concurrent powers? powers granted to congress but not denied to states

10. C2-$200 - $200 Drawing of district boundaries so as to favor one’s own chances of future elections gerrymandering

11. C2-$300 - $300 a regulatory agency that is independent from other branches or arms of the govt. Independent regulatory agencies

12. C2-$400 - $400 What is the difference between the Due Process clause 5 th amendment & the Due Process clause 14 th amendment? The Due Process clause 5 th amendment was made towards the national govt. & the Due Process clause 14 th amendment was made towards the state govts.

13. C2-$500 - $500 Congress’ ability to tax & spend public $ for the national govt. Power of the purse

14. C3-$100 - $100 What two methods can members use in order to favor one’s chances in future elections? Cracking & Packing districts

15. C3-$200 - $200 What is the difference between a block grants & a categorical grant? A block grant is $ granted by the fed. Govt. to states for a broad purpose & a categorical grant is $ granted for specific purposes

16. C3-$300 - $300 Any attempt to block or delay Senate action on a bill or matter by debating @ length, by offering various motions, or by any other delaying or obstructive actions filibuster

17. C3-$400 - $400 Only procedure that the Senate can vote to place a time limit on consideration of a bill in order to stop a filibuster cloture

18. C3-$500 - $500 Amendment that addresses citizenship rights & equal protection of laws 14 th amendment

19. C4-$100 - $100 Election in which the people choose candidates for office Direct primary

20. C3-200 - $200 Which groups are tax-exempt organizations created to influence the selection, nomination, election, appointment or defeat of candidates to fed., state, or local public office? 527 groups

21. C3-$300 - $300 Which clause states that a state can’t unreasonably discriminate against citizens of other states? privileges & immunities clause

22. C3-$400 - $400 Permanent committees est. under the standing rules of the Senate & specializing in a particular area Standing committees

23. C3-$500 - $500 14 th amendment formed the basis for decisions in... Roe v. Wade (1973) & Bush v. Gore (2000)

24. C4-$100 - $100 Linkage institutions that link citizens with politics in which they seek to advance a particular interest or cause through various activities Interest groups

25. C4-$200 - $200 Which clause states that a state must recognize the validity of public act, records, & court decisions of other states? Full faith & credit clause

26. C4-$300 - $300 What are the different types of interest groups? Traditional, nontraditional protest, single issue, public interest, ideological, governmental, & PACs

27. C4-$400 - $400 Difference between straight ticket & split ticket voting Straight ticket voting refers to voting for all members of the same party whereas split ticket voting refers to voting for members of both parties

28. C4-$500 - $500 What requires a supermajority? Propose amendments to the constitution, Congress overriding a presidential veto of a bill, ratification of a treaty

29. C4-$100 - $100 An attempt to influence policy makers lobbying

30. C4-$200 - $200 Contention that parties are less meaningful to voters, who have abandoned the parties in greater numbers to become independents dealignment argument

31. C4-$300 - $300 Which clause states that any power that is not granted to the national government, or denied to the states, automatically reverts to the states? Reserved power clause

32. C4-$400 - $400 Principle that authority of the govt. is created & sustained by the consent of the people through representatives Popular sovereignty

33. C4-$500 - $500 The Gun Free Schools Zone Act was challenged as unconstitutional by which famous case Unconstitutional under Commerce Clause of the US Constitution in US v. Lopez (1995)