1. Soil and Water

2. SOILS Texture: % of sand, silt, and clay  Amount of water stored in soil

3. Texture

4. SOILS Structure: arrangement of particles  Amount of pore space

5. SOIL MOISTURE  Gravitational water: drains through soil by gravity

6. SOIL MOISTURE  Field capacity: soil moisture after gravitational water has been allowed to drain (24 hours)

7. SOIL MOISTURE  Permanent wilting point: plants can no longer extract moisture

8. INTAKE RATE  How quickly water enters the soil  Slows down as soil becomes wet  Cycle and Soak programs

9. AVAILABLE WATER HOLDING CAPACITY (AW)  Amount of soil moisture between field capacity and permanent wilting point

10. EVAPOTRANSPIRATION (ET)  Total water loss from evaporation and transpiration  Evaporation: loss of water from soil surface  Transpiration: loss of water through plant for cooling

11. EVAPOTRANSPIRATION (ET)  ET0 is a reference ET, locally or regionally

13.  http://www.clemson.edu/public/rec/edisto/ facilities/ http://www.clemson.edu/public/rec/edisto/ facilities/ http://www.clemson.edu/public/rec/edisto/ facilities/  http://fawn.ifas.ufl.edu/ http://fawn.ifas.ufl.edu/  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae455 http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae455

14. PLANT REQUIREMENTS  Plant water needs vary  Root depth and physiology  Hydrozones: separating irrigation zones by plants  Turf, flowers, tree and shrub beds

15. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 1. HOW MUCH WATER IS LOST PER DAY?  Loss of water through ET (inches per day) WATER LOSS = ET

16. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 2. HOW MUCH WATER CAN BE LOST BEFORE REPLACING IT WITH IRRIGATION?  The READILY AVAILABLE WATER!

17. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING READILY AVAILABLE WATER  Don’t wait until all the water is gone from the soil! Readily Available Water = Root Water x Management Allowed Depletion

18. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING Root Water = Root Depth x Available Water Holding Capacity  Root depth of plants to be irrigated  Available water holding capacity of soil  Sand  Silt  Clay

19. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING Management Allowed Depletion  The amount of water allowed to deplete from soil before it’s replaced  Use table

20. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 3. HOW OFTEN SHOULD YOU IRRIGATE? (Days)  Readily Available Water ÷ ET  Round the days up or down to a whole number

21. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 4. HOW MUCH SHOULD YOU IRRIGATE?  = Days X ET

22. IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 5. HOW MANY MINUTES DO YOU RUN IRRIGATION?  (Irrigation Amount ÷ Precipitation Rate) X 60  Precipitation rate: how fast water is being applied  Inches / hour