1. Matter, Matter Everywhere All matter has two things in common: mass and volume.

2. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.

3. Mass A measure of the amount of matter something contains.

4. Volume The amount of space that matter takes up.

5. Property Something that describes matter.

6. Physical Properties Those characteristics that can be seen or measured without changing the material.

7. Chemical Properties Those characteristics that can only be seen when the material changes and new materials are formed.

8. Look at this list: Hammer Ice cube Mirror Rubber balloon For each object, identify the properties that make the material that the object is made of useful.

9. Imagine you are going to the South Pole: Name two nonfood items you would bring with you and tell why each would be useful.

10. More About Matter Solids, Liquids and Gases

11. Solids A solid is matter that has a definite shape and volume.

12. Liquids A liquid is matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape. Liquids take the shape of their containers.

13. Gases A gas is matter that has no definite volume or shape. A gas spreads out to fill its container.

14. Why do solids hold their shape? Particles in a solid are packed closely together. The particles can only vibrate, or move back and forth, in a very small space. This explains why solids hold their shape!

15. Why do liquids take the shape of their containers? Particles in a liquid are farther apart and move faster than those in a solid. The particles can move past each other. This explains why liquids take the shape of their containers.

16. Why do gases spread all over? Particles in a gas are farther apart and move faster than particles in solids or liquids. As the particles move, they spread out in all directions, filling their container. This explains why gases have no definite shape or volume!