1. UJTL-JTS-METLs and Capabilities Dynamics Research Corporation
David K. Brown
USFF N722A
Dynamics Research Corporation 1 1

2. BLUF: Executive Level METL Advocacy
“METL” is very easy to say- but takes an “Intellectual Capital” investment to comprehend.
Overarching guidance is pretty good and aligned.
Transformation Programs are revolving around “METL” poles –the Joint Training System is just one of them:
JTS, DRRS, JCIDS, “T2”, DODAF all require UJTL-METL knowledge.
Answers calls for innovative improvement systems and best practices.
“Universal” - Applicable across the D-I-M-E construct of employing national capabilities - or any other approach.

3. Agenda Universal Joint Task List (UJTL) Framework UJTL Task Libraries
The Mission Essential Task (MET) statement
Mission Analysis to METL Process
Applications
Future

4. Advocacy Development Phases METLS Bewilderment Confusion Denial
Hostility
Understanding
NMETLS and NWTS are here to stay!! The Theater ASW Commander NMETL is now in NTIMS…and FASW is in a working relationship with the CRAs for the SCC which incorporates the ASWC .
Refs:
Fleet Training Strategy CFFCINST series
CFFC Messages:
COMFLTFORCOM NORFOLK VA//N01//101931Z JUN 2002
(Fleet NMETL Policy)
COMFLTFORCOM NORFOLK VA//N01// R Z MAY 04
(May 2004 NWTS-NMETL Update)
COMFLTFORCOM NORFOLK VA//N7// R Z MAR 04
(Fleet Training Cost Capability System)
C2/3 F Messages:
COMTHIRDFLT Z DEC 03
Second and Third Fleet NMETL Policy
UNTL: OPNAVINST series ( highlighted in NTTP 1-01 (April 2005))
NTIMS Users Guide in NTIMS at
Advocacy

5. UJTL: The Task “Library”
UJTL is a task library
Actually a collection of Task Libraries.
Tasks with sample Measures:
SN: Strategic National-
Major DOD HQ level activities
ST: Strategic Theater-
(For Some, the Theater is “Global”)
OP: Operational-
Link Strategic Objectives with Tactical Actions
TA: Tactical (ne’ “Interoperability”)
Service and Agency libraries link from the TA section.
UJTL also houses a “Conditions” library

6. Universal Task List “Library”
STRATEGIC NATIONAL
Accomplish Objectives of
National Strategy
SN 1
CONDUCT STRATEGIC
MOVEMENT
SN 2
DEVELOP
STRATEGIC
KNOWLEDGE
SN 3
EMPLOY STRATEGIC
CAPABILITIES
SN 4
PROVIDE STRATEGIC
SUSTAINMENT
SN 5
PROVIDE
STRATEGIC DIRECTION
& INTEGRATION
SN 6
PROTECT STATEGIC CAPABILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
STRATEGIC THEATER
Accomplish Objectives of
Theater and Campaign Strategy
ST 2
DEVELOP
THEATER
STRATEGIC
KNOWLEDGE
ST 1
CONDUCT INTRATHEATER
CONCENTRATION, AND
MANEUVER OF FORCES
ST 3
EMPLOY THEATER
STRATEGIC
CAPABILITIES
ST 4
SUSTAIN
THEATER
FORCES
ST 5
PROVIDE THEATER
STRATEGIC COMMAND
AND CONTROL
ST 6
PROVIDE
THEATER
PROTECTION
OPERATIONAL
Accomplish Objectives of
Subordinate Campaigns and Major Operations
OP 1
CONDUCT
OPERATIONAL
MOVEMENT & MANEUVER
OP 2
DEVELOP
OPERATIONAL
KNOWLEDGE
OP 3
EMPLOY
OPERATIONAL
CAPABILITIES
OP 4
PROVIDE
OPERATIONAL
SUPPORT
OP 5
EXERCISE
OPERATIONAL
COMMAND & CONTROL
OP 6
PROVIDE
OPERATIONAL
PROTECTION
NTTL links to UJTL through the TA level of tasks. NTA 1 is exactly TA1, NTA 2 is exactly TA2…… .
Accomplish Objectives of
TACTICAL
Actions and Activities
TA 1
MOVE FORCES AND
CONDUCT ACTIVITIES
TA 2
DEVELOP
KNOWLEDGE
TA 3
EMPLOY
CAPABILTIES
TA 4
PERFORM LOGISTICS AND
COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT
TA 5
EXERCISE COMMAND
& CONTROL
TA 6
PROTECT THE
FORCE
UTL TAXONOMY: “Demilitarization” of the language used in the Library 6 4 4 14

7. UJTL: The Task “Library”
“Nature” of War – Most tasks should endure.
Based on six functions:
Movement and Maneuver
Sensing, Studying, Learning and Knowing what is going on
(“Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance”)
Employment of Capabilities
(Current version very “Heat, Blast and Fragmentation” centric
Sustainment/ Logistics
Command and Control
Planning, Communicating, Networking, and Publicizing
Protection
People, Systems and Infrastructure, Information, and the Environment
Each section developed independently.
Extra task sections added to emphasize “hot button” issues.
Probably just “Missions”
Always amenable for improvement as new missions and tasks are identified.
Framing and placement very important.

8. Capabilities-Based Planning System
Centrality of UJTL
- Uses UJTL as “library of tasks” to define mission requirements.
Output is J/A METL, used to prioritize training requirements.
DRRS documents task-centric readiness assessments based on joint and service mission essential task lists.
Defense Readiness Reporting
System (DRRS)
Joint Training System (JTS)
Joint Capabilities Development
and Integration System (JCIDS)
The UJTL has evolved into the central and unifying force dictating how we will plan, train, fight, assess and acquire defense systems in the future. It needs to become a system that fits in with current thought processes.
Capabilities-Based Planning System
Acquisition portfolios defined by JCAs;
JCAs defined by a UJTL task templates … linked to Service task lists.
SECDEF directed focus on capabilities
Uses JCA mapping framework linked to UJTL Task templates and Service task lists.

9. Tasks in the Libraries are….
Universal and potentially “enduring”
Discrete events or actions (Finite, distinct, and measurable)
Just the action or activity: “The WHAT” that must be done
Doctrinally based - or as defined in developing concepts
Activities/ results visible outside the organization
Potential sources for crafting Mission statements
Doctrinally, a “mission” is a “Task with a purpose.”
Capable of being improved, advanced, or clarified
Don’t define who/ how/ or a system- (will come with a MET)
Don’t describe environmental issues (physical, military, or civil conditions)- (also will come with the MET)
Don’t duplicate an existing task

10. Tasks in the Libraries are not….
Statements that say “WHO”
Statements that say “HOW” or define a system or a process
Statements that say “WHY”
Statements that include the environment
That’s why we have “Conditions”
Duplicative of other Tasks:
Not “Plan ASW” or “Plan IO” but “Plan”
Just new ways of saying the same thing
Necessarily perfectly written or placed in best location
In need of many “adjectives or adverbs”
Don’t define who/ how/ or a system- (will come with a MET)
Don’t describe environmental issues (physical, military, or civil conditions)- (also will come with the MET)
Don’t duplicate an existing task

11. New Tasks CJCSM 3500.02 UJTL Policy and Guidance:
If an approved UJTL task does not fully describe the
action or function required by a commander:
(1) Use conditions and standards to more accurately set the parameters of the task.
(2) If specific conditions and standards do not adequately meet the task description requirements ……. task submission process detailed in UJTL instruction must be used to recommend a new task (or changes to existing tasks).

12. UJTL: The “Framework” for METS
Lays out the common framework for:
Stating mission requirements
Planning across “DOTMLPF”
Defining capabilities
Assembling DODAF architectures
Measuring performance
Reporting readiness
Mission Essential Task (MET) framework:
“Do this Task…. under these Conditions…. to this Standard.”

13. METL Terms
Mission - The task, together with the purpose, that clearly indicates the action to be taken and the reason therefore.
Essential - Absolutely necessary; indispensable; critical.
Task - A discrete event or action, not specific to a single unit, weapon system, or individual that enables a mission or function to be accomplished.
Mission Essential Task List (METL) - A list of tasks considered essential to the accomplishment of the mission. A METL includes associated conditions and standards and may identify command-linked and supporting tasks.

14. Conditions: The “Environment”
Conditions are variables of the operational environment or situation that may affect performance.
Categorized as physical, military or civil.
Environment is the immediate situation or circumstance in which tasks must be performed (e.g. Air temperature).
"Relevant" conditions go in MET statements. They frame level of difficulty for task (and mission) performance.
Conditions linked to tasks in the METL are ones that will impact achievement of task standards.
“Conditions” work for PMESII, DIME, DIME-FIL, METT-TC, etc plus help us get to “Effects” and “Risk.”
Conditions have number, title, nomenclature, & descriptors, usually 5- but not always.
Conditions Library includes all of these elements as well:
PMESII- Political, military, economic, social, infrastructure, and information with the addition of physical environment and time (PMESII-PT)
DIME- Diplomatic-Information-Military-Economic
DIME-FIL, Diplomatic-Information-Military-Economic + Financial-Intelligence-legal
METT-TC Mission, Enemy, Terrain and Weax. Troops and Training- Time, Civil Considerations 14

15. Conditions 1.0 Physical Environment 2.0 Military Environment
3.0 Civil Environment
2.1 Mission
2.2 Forces
2.3 Command, Control, & Communications
2.4 Intelligence
2.5 Deployment, Movement, & Maneuver
2.6 Firepower
2.7 Protection
2.8 Sustainment
2.9 Threat
2.10 Conflict
1.1 Land
1.2 Sea
1.3 Air
1.4 Space
1.5 Cyber
3.1 Political Policies
3.2 Culture
3.3 Economy
Chart from UJTL

16. Conditions Example: Reference number and title: C 1.2.1.7 Sea Room
Definition:
Availability of space for maritime maneuver. Includes dynamic factors such as confining ice, submerged wrecks, or potentially damaging floating objects such as logs. Applies especially to coastal, polar, littoral, or riverine environments.
Descriptors:
Unrestricted (open ocean); Moderate (some confining factors); Confined (coastal and riverine waters)
Conditions have number, title, nomenclature, & descriptors, usually 5- but not always.
Conditions Library includes all of these elements as well:
Political, military, economic, social, infrastructure, and information with the addition of physical environment and time (PMESII-PT)
No inherent Likert scale from the Library. Only from context of a METL! 16

17. STANDARDS, Measures & Criteria
Standard = Measure + Criterion
Measures
Distinguish among varying levels of task performance
Allow commanders to establish standards consistent with mission requirements
Provide basis for evaluation and assessment of performance (e.g., Task performance evaluation and readiness assessment)
Criteria: Same as Balanced Scorecard “Targets”
A very important concept.
In METL language a Standard = a Measure + a Criterion.
(In discussing with many C4I folks, they are thinking ISO 9000 Standards and such. “Standard” has a different meaning in UJTL/UNTL.)
Task Criterion Measure
NTA Attack Enemy Land Targets > Percent of targets destroyed
- Multiple standards are the norm: Inputs, Processes, and Outputs/ Results
- Aligns with best performance management practices 17

18. Measures – Performance Dimensions
Commander may require measures of different dimensions of performance to describe required level of performance
Time to Perform
Rate of Movement
Accuracy
Completeness
Durability/Reliability
Power
Cost Pk
Range/Mobility
Lead Time
Effectiveness
Coordination
Integration
Efficiency
Availability
Safety
In CBA primer, also called “Attributes” 18 18

19. MET Measures Guidance Categories: Input, Process, Output, Outcome
Focus on “Process” and “Outcome” (or “Product”)
Simple,
Reflect commander’s guidance
Reflect understanding of task and its contribution to mission success.
Sensitive to impact of changing conditions
GO-No Go measures discouraged
Use both absolute and relative scales
Criteria set by “capabilities” inherent in DOTMLPF system design

20. MET Linkages
METLs are not isolated- but LINKED to supporting/ supported Commands.
Linkages will key views for the “Comprehensive Approach” and development of new supporting capabilities.
“Supporting” tasks are performed by organizations within Commander’s/ leader’s/ director’s… span of control.
- E.g. Local org supports regional/state authority which supports national authority
“Command-linked” tasks are performed by organizations outside of the Commander’s / leader’s/director’s… control.
- E.g. Dep’t of Transportation supports each level: federal, state and local
Links key network views.
Links connect Analysis of Alternatives and lay pathways for Modeling and Simulation (M&S) efforts in training and development.
After determining the Mission Essential Tasks and the responsible organizations for those tasks, we assemble an NMETL for that "Resp Org" and "Mission" in NTIMS. NMETLs do not stand on their own necessarily. They fit into the overall picture of mission accomplishment for the force. A Strike Group Commander has his NMETL. Each of his warfare commanders and the functional coordinators has its NMETL and their units all have NMETLS. These must be "linked together" to fully understand the mission. We "link" NMETLs on a task-by-task basis between commands. We start from the top-down mission analysis and build links to each level. A lower level NMETL has tasks which support higher-level NMETs. Sometimes, a senior's condition is set by a junior's achievement of the standard. In METL language, tasks in the same chain of command that support the commander are supporting tasks. Senior NMETL Tasks that a junior's NMET supports are supported tasks.
 Also, we indicate "command-linked tasks," those tasks performed by agencies, the naval shore establishment, and other organizations outside the commander's direct control. It is how we show Navy Meteorological and Oceanographic (METOC) organizations support combat organizations; it is how supply and logistics organizations or national intelligence organizations support a local commander. In Navy vernacular, the Air Defense Commander (ADC) supports the Sea Combat Commander (SCC) and vice versa via command-linked tasks.
 When the linkages are complete, you might have a spider web-like display of the operation, but you will have a clear framework to articulate current and future requirements. Using the Force-wide linkages of NMETLs, FORCEnet architects and developers could construct a capabilities framework against which to develop an engineering architecture. The FORCENET engineers will then be able to layout packages that integrate and optimize all elements of Sea Power 21's Common Operational Tactical Picture (COTP) for Maritime Domain Awareness.. Assembling a CTP Manager (the new name for FOTC- the Force Over-the-horizon Track Coordinator) NMETL would be a good start.
(DOTMLPF solutions)

21. The METL Process Mission Analysis “METs” METL Universal Task Library
Common Language/ Framework
Mission Analysis
Universal
Task Library
“METs”
Operating
Concepts
Level of War
Plans/Orders
Org’s Task
Library
Specify Conditions
Doctrine
Assigned Missions
Mission Essential
Criteria
TTP, Best Practices, Local Knowledge, Lessons Learned
Establish Standards
Navy Mission Essential Tasks (NMETLs) are derived from Mission Analysis of all assigned missions to develop Tasks, Conditions and Standards for our core missions of Maritime Superiority, Air Superiority, Power Projection, Amphibious Operations and AT/FP. Navy standards are traceable to COCOM mission requirements (JMETLs) and Navy Core Capabilities NMETLs allow a commander to quantify both the level and scope of effort needed to achieve mission objectives
Navy Operating Concepts include all of Sea Power 21 Pillars.
Assigned Missions include all Title 10 plus MCPs/ ROC/POE and other traditional and foreseeable responsibilities.
Commander’s Guidance includes feedback from Training and Operations such as Navy Lessons Learned, Post Ex and After Action reports, new challenges, etc.
These mission essential specified and implied tasks are translated into the common language of the Universal Navy Task List (UNTL).
NMETL tasks are called NMETs and are generally performed by the organization as a whole (including staff and watch teams) rather than by any particular subordinate organization.
These selected UNTL tasks will become the METL when specific conditions and standards are added.
“Command-linked tasks” are those Critical tasks which supporting organizations or agencies perform to ensure success.
“Supported Tasks” show how Individual NMETs are mapped to senior commanders’ mission requirements.
    Short Primer on How to Develop a "METL".  
"Mission Essential Task List."  Define the Mission.  Gather everything you can about it so you can express in "local knowledge"  "What" you must do to accomplish the mission.  Also capture what help you will need- either up and down the chain of command, or "outside" the chain of command.  We determine which tasks are essential to mission accomplishment- (if my organization fails to do this task, the mission will fail.)  Then, using the Library of Tasks in the UNTL (UJTL + NTTL), translate them into "Universal" language so that when we express a Navy capability in METL language, it can be compared to other joint capabilities also expressed in the same format.  Once we do that, we figure out how well the task must be performed (The Standard) and under what conditions it will be performed.  In METL language, the standard is a "Measure" and a "Criteria."  Navy standards are traceable to COCOM mission requirements (JMETLs) and Navy Core Capabilities
We call tasks performed within our chain of command "Supporting/Supported Tasks" and tasks performed by other organizations "Command-Linked" Tasks.  When I assemble all the Tasks + Conditions + Standards for an Organization for a Mission- including the supporting tasks and command linked Tasks- I have a "Mission Essential Task List- METL.
   
NWDC should ASAP begin forming more specific concept development along the "Tasks, Conditions and Standards" line which has been accomplished for Fleet Training.  Although not perfect in stating Mission Performance Standards, the NMETL tasks derived from Mission Analysis give us a pretty good idea of the "What" a specific force (Commander, Staff, Unit) must be able to do.
Keys to keep from showing ignorance: 
There is only one UJTL.  There is only one UNTL.  For a specific organization for a mission, there is only one METL.
The UJTL/UNTL are task libraries. 
A METL contains Tasks, Conditions and Standards. 
"Metrics" is not used in the formal UNTL language- but can be derived once you understand that both measures and conditions must be recorded to help you evaluate mission task performance and assess mission readiness/ success.
Remember: The key thing is “Improving Mission Performance.”
Annotate
Supported Tasks
Specified Tasks
Leaders’ Guidance
METL
Implied Tasks ID
Command-Linked
Tasks

22. MISSION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES TASKS
Top-Down
MISSION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES TASKS
IRREGULAR WARFARE
Joint Planning & Execution
Joint Mission Requirements (JMET)
UJTL
Mission C
NCA/NSC
SN 8.1 Support Other Nations or Groups
SN Manage Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) Capabilities
SN Manage Cyberspace Operations
SN 9.3 Synchronize Counter-proliferation (CP) Programs
SN Assess the Global Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Situation
Mission B
Mission A
Combatant
Commander
Concept of Opns
Assist
country YY
Strategic
ST Manage Intelligence Agreements with Foreign Nations
ST Integrate Intelligence into Theater Operations
ST Review International Security Considerations
ST Conduct Theater Security Cooperation (TSC)
ST Conduct Counterterrorism
ST 9.7 Conduct Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Offensive Operations in Theater
JFC A
JFC B
Concept of Opns
JFC C
Gain and Maintain
National Stability
OP Conduct Multilateral Peace Operations
OP 5.7 Coordinate and Integrate Joint/Multinational and Interagency Support
OP Conduct Community Relations Program
OP 7.1 Enable Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) Operations in Joint Operations Area (JOA)
Operational
MARFOR
NAVFOR-
NFC - TF IW?
ARFOR
Concept of Opns
NAVFOR
Conduct Defensive
Counter-air
NTA Conduct Tactical Insertion and Extraction
NTA Conduct Route and Road Reconnaissance
NTA Clear Minefields, Barriers and Obstacles
NTA Conduct Unconventional Warfare
NTA Conduct Non-lethal; Engagement
NTA 4.7 Perform Civil Military Engineering Support
NTA Establish Liaisons
NTA Protect/secure Installations, Facilities and Personnel
AFFOR
Tactical
SOC
CSG
ARG
IW CDR
NECC Det
Concept of Opns
CNIC Det
Navy Planning & Execution
NTTL
NNWC Det
Navy Mission Requirements (NMET) 22 22

23. Requirements Plans Assessment Execution
Joint Training System
Requirements
Plans
METLs and Linkages
Tasks, Conditions and Standards
JTPs / Exercises/ Experiments/ Wargames
Events and Resources w/ Costs
IMPROVE
MISSION
READINESS
Assessment
Execution
ROI Validation
Readiness Indicators
Lessons Learned and New Ideas for DOTMLPF Solutions
Performance, Experience and Resource Data & Observations

24. Fleet Support to Operations Context
Requirements Phase
Fleet Support to Operations Context
Navy Missions
Combatant CDR
Missions & Tasks
JMETL
How we built the Fleet’s NMETLs:
METLS were developed in “templates” from the top-down.
Short Primer on How to Develop a "METL".  
"Mission Essential Task List."  Define the Mission.  Gather everything you can about it so you can express in "local knowledge"  "What" you must do to accomplish the mission.  Also capture what help you will need- either up and down the chain of command, or "outside" the chain of command.  We determine which tasks are essential to mission accomplishment- (if my organization fails to do this task, the mission will fail.)  Then, using the Library of Tasks in the UNTL (UJTL + NTTL), translate them into "Universal" language so that when we express a Navy capability in METL language, it can be compared to other joint capabilities also expressed in the same format.  Once we do that, we figure out how well the task must be performed (The Standard) and under what conditions it will be performed.  In METL language, the standard is a "Measure" and a "Criteria."  Navy standards are traceable to COCOM mission requirements (JMETLs) and Navy Core Capabilities
We call tasks performed within our chain of command "Supporting/Supported Tasks" and tasks performed by other organizations "Command-Linked" Tasks.  When I assemble all the Tasks + Conditions + Standards for an Organization for a Mission- including the supporting tasks and command linked Tasks- I have a "Mission Essential Task List- METL.
   
NWDC should ASAP begin forming more specific concept development along the "Tasks, Conditions and Standards" line which has been accomplished for Fleet Training.  Although not perfect in stating Mission Performance Standards, the NMETL tasks derived from Mission Analysis give us a pretty good idea of the "What" a specific force (Commander, Staff, Unit) must be able to do.
Remember: The key thing is “Improving Mission Performance.”
JTF CDR
Missions & Tasks
JTF
JMETL
JFMCC
Missions & Tasks
JMETL
Group
Missions & Tasks
NMETL
Warfare CDR
Missions & Tasks
NMETL
Unit
Missions & Tasks
NMETL 24

25. Sample “MET”
Task: OP Conduct Air Interdiction of Operational Forces/Targets
Conditions:
C Mission Prep (Partial)
C Personnel Capability (Proficient)
C Systems Reliability (Adequate)
C Communications Connectivity (Continuous)
Standards: Measure + Criterion
< X Hours elapsed from notification to TOT
Y/N Enemy unable to interfere with attack
> 95 Percent of weapons achieve desired effects
OP Conduct Air Interdiction of Operational Forces/Targets
What an NMET looks like. It gives us clear things to measure to evaluate performance.
Six Parts:
Mission
“Responsible Organization” – RESP ORG
Tasks
Conditions applicable to Each Task
Standards composed of Measures and Criteria- usually “Process” and “Product”
Linkages Supported/Supporting (Vertical); “Command-linked”- Horizontal
It gives us clear things to measure.
Not only the “Measures” for performance, but also the Conditions to ensure we are set to meet the standards.
METRICS must be developed as we look at performance trends, want to measure across the force for similar tasks; “Alignment” etc.

26. DODD 1322.18, Sep. 3, 2004 “Military Training”
4.3. All Training: Individual, team, collective, unit, and staff
“The Commander is the trainer!” – “METs”
Conditions of actual operations
Prep for Combatant Commanders -- full spectrum of operations
Deploying Organizations receive priority and tailored training
Rehearsed and ready
Provide for emerging capabilities for future operations.
Lessons gathered and validated from operational missions, training events, operational tests, and experiments shall be incorporated expeditiously into the training requirements.
Use Joint Training System Process
And the Commander is the ultimate Trainee!

27. = “SYSTEM” in DOD Terminology
DOTMLPF = “System”
Doctrine
Organization
Training
Material
Leadership and Education
Personnel
Facilities
= “SYSTEM” in DOD Terminology

28. DRRS
“Near Real Time” readiness reporting. Eliminates separate “SORTS” messages.
DRRS Readiness screen displays each MET vs each required mission/ capability.
MET can be shown with all standards and demonstrated performance values
System generates a recommended score based on authoritative data sources.
Commander’s review/ assessment validates & updates system score-- Mission by Mission, MET by MET and Standard by Standard.
Tools: Aggregation/ Drill down/ Planning capability-
“What if…” 28

29. MET-based Readiness: Performance
Confidence that a given unit will achieve a given performance level on a specific task with given Conditions.
Depends on at least five “parameters”:
Most recent MET performance
Performance Trends (improving?, declining? …)
Changes to DOTMLPF
Time since most recent success
“Conditions”
ANYTHING that raises that confidence, raises Readiness!
Confidence that a given unit will achieve a given Performance level on a specific task with given Conditions
= f {recent MET performance, trends, changes to DOTMLPF, “Conditions”, time} 29

30. Capability-Based Planning- CBP & METLs & the JTS
Capability includes : “The means and ways (DOTMLPF) to execute a set of tasks to standards under specified conditions.”
MET framework:
Do this task…under these conditions…to this standard.
CBP Capability: The ability to achieve a desired effect under specified standards and conditions through a combination of means and ways across doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership and education, personnel, and facilities (DOTMLPF) to perform a set of tasks to execute a specified course of action.
The language of Capabilities is the language of METs! 30

31. Capabilities-Based Assessment “CBA”
CBA (in JCIDS) consists of three Analyses:
FAA Functional Area Analysis
Each capability must produce results as measured by task performance against standards under specified conditions.
FAA produces MET-like performance “requirements”
FNA Functional Needs Analysis
Based on the FAA, each capability requirement is matched against existing systems and methods (current capabilities)
OPs Lessons Learned, Experiments, Training or Wargames
FNA identifies “Gaps and Seams”
“Capacity” gap vs “Capability” Gap
FSA Functional Solutions Analysis
Each gap has many potential “DOTMLPF” solutions
FSA works for optimal path.

32. Analysis of a MET/ “CBA”
FAA
6 parts clear? Mission, Responsible Organization, Tasks, Conditions, Standards, Linkages
Standards conform?- “Process” and “Product” measures?
Do METL measures support command “metrics”?
Linkages complete?
MET Performance Analysis:
Standards met? -> Performance Gaps?
Ways and means adequate?
New DOTMLPF required?
CBA follows the METL-JTS process.
FAA: Functional Area Analysis
FNA: Functional Needs Analysis
FSA: Functional Solutions Analysis
Understanding NMETLS encompasses all Fleet support for transformation and Establishing and operating the Sea Enterprise.
Every new warfighting improvement business enterprise such as Task Force ASW, Task Force SIM (Simulation), SEA TRIAL, and Task Force Warrior can be integrated into the JTS process.
OPNAV should consider aligning organizational Required Operational Capabilities- Projected Operating Environment (ROC POE) or Mission-Functions-Tasks (MFTs) listings into METL language.
The fourteen Sea Power 21 Mission Capabilities Packages (MCP) Fleet Collaborative Teams (FCT) can be organized to provide support to appropriate NWTS phases and improve their products.
CONOPS development can employ the Mission Analysis to NMETL process to lay the foundation for expressing the commander’s plan for mission accomplishment.
WCOEs should have a role in NWTS process.
Commander Operational Test and Evaluation Force (OPTEVFOR) has begun to integrate the NMETL process into test plans and should be included in the NWTS.
Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) and the other systems commands and the Board of Inspection and Survey (INSURV) could also benefit from force-wide alignment to the NMETL construct of “Perform this Task, under these Conditions to a Standard of….”
FNA
Capability
&
Capacity
Gaps
FSA

33. From METS to Mission(s) Assessments
“Core” is what we plan and train and man and equip to.
We take that as one “template” and “lay it” over the other missions.
Tasks/ Missions
CORE MS PP AO
AT-FP
MCO1
HADR
NTA 1.1
NTA 1.3
NTA 1.5
NTA 2.2
NTA 3.2
NTA 4.4
NTA 5.1
NTA 5.4
NTA 6.1
Each mission requires “capabilities” stated in “MET” language.
We compare the “known” in Core to the specific condition-standard set for each situation.
Some missions I am ready for now. Some I need extra (DOTMLPF) or (PESTOF) to close the performance (Capability/Capacity) gap.
- NTA 3.2 Red due to lack of ordnance load out for missions
NTA 4.4 Red due to lack of sustainment of high demand special ordnance
NTA 6.1 Red due to lack of FP munitions

34. From METS to Mission(s) Assessments
Tasks/ Missions
CORE MS PP AO
AT-FP
MCO1
HADR
IRREGWAR
NTA 1.1
NTA 1.3
NTA 1.5
NTA 2.2
NTA 3.2
NTA 4.4
NTA 5.1
NTA 5.4
NTA 6.1
New Concept: “Irregular Warfare”
“Irregular Warfare”
Many tasks - Same
Some - Easier
Others - Harder
DELTA: (Conditions & Standards)
- NTA 3.2 Red due to lack of ordnance load out for missions
NTA 4.4 Red due to lack of sustainment of high demand special ordnance
NTA 6.1 Red due to lack of FP munitions

35. Only the METLs have context!
DODAF Version 1
Common Theme of JCIDs and DODAF is the “TASK”
“Document the business process: … high- level concept is analyzed and a business process or activity model is constructed … To the extent possible, use activities from accepted standard tasks lists such as the UJTL, Joint Mission Essential Task Lists (JMETLs) developed by one or more of the commands, and/or Service Task Lists.”
…. Of the “Lists”….
Only the METLs have context!

36. Futures: UTL Progress/ Goals
Universal search for agreed Taxonomy
“Bins” should match current concept of UJTL:
Movement, Knowledge, Employment, Sustainment, Planning and Directing (C&C), Protection.
Works for DOD, but also HLS, DOS, DOT, BLM…WALMART
Once tasks agreed to, just a limited number of representative Measures need to be listed; a centrally accessible METL warehouse will be the repository.
Ready to incorporate national-state-local agencies ASAP and will be able to accommodate NGOs in future.
New Orgs can join with separate task library. “Organizational” level tasks- probably “Tactical”- but must learn to leverage global taxonomy and METL framework.
Business rules/ Guidance same for all
Disciplined execution

37. Capabilities and METLs use same language and structure.
Understanding Missions, METLs, and Conditions for DRRS, Effects and Capabilities
METLs state Mission performance requirements from which all other requirements devolve.
Mission-to-task framework can be used to measure and assess advantages of “Network” centric concepts and other new ventures.
Capabilities and METLs use same language and structure.
Method defines capabilities, applies to planning, resourcing, budgeting, execution, training, and assessment.
Enables alignment of mission performance expectations.
Understanding the Framework and Disciplined Execution of the Process are the key to systematic continuous improvement.

38. Keys to Success in “GWOT” … and the Future….
Transformation
Unified Action
Relationships
Lessons Learned
Comprehensive Approach
NWTS enables Commanders/ leaders to apply “4 V’s: Visualize the mission, Value the contributions, Verify progress, and Validate chosen COAs.”
Commanders visualize mission accomplishment and value all contributions to mission success through the continuous Mission Analysis to NMETLs development process.
NMETLS produce and update aligned expectations and remain adaptable to respond as situations change. Generate “Metrics that Matter!”
Navy Warfare Training Plans (NWTPs) support gaining and sustaining mission capabilities; and identify required resources including ranges, simulators, etc.
Commands verify training results and mission progress in the Execution phase and data collection process by measuring performance against NMET standards. Better NMET execution means better readiness and mission success.
Commanders validate their chosen COA through the assessment process. New systems solutions must raise NMET performance!
NWTS is applicable across all domains and at any level- You won’t have to learn a new system or process when you cross domains! 38 38

39. Keys to Success in “GWOT” / “OCO”… and the Future….
TransforMation
UnifiEd Action
RelaTionships
Lessons Learned
ComprehenSive Approach
NWTS enables Commanders/ leaders to apply “4 V’s: Visualize the mission, Value the contributions, Verify progress, and Validate chosen COAs.”
Commanders visualize mission accomplishment and value all contributions to mission success through the continuous Mission Analysis to NMETLs development process.
NMETLS produce and update aligned expectations and remain adaptable to respond as situations change. Generate “Metrics that Matter!”
Navy Warfare Training Plans (NWTPs) support gaining and sustaining mission capabilities; and identify required resources including ranges, simulators, etc.
Commands verify training results and mission progress in the Execution phase and data collection process by measuring performance against NMET standards. Better NMET execution means better readiness and mission success.
Commanders validate their chosen COA through the assessment process. New systems solutions must raise NMET performance!
NWTS is applicable across all domains and at any level- You won’t have to learn a new system or process when you cross domains! 39 39

40. Keys to Success in “GWOT”/ “OCO” … and the Future….
TransforMation
UnifiEd Action
RelaTionships
Lessons Learned
ComprehenSive Approach
ALIGNMENT
NWTS enables Commanders/ leaders to apply “4 V’s: Visualize the mission, Value the contributions, Verify progress, and Validate chosen COAs.”
Commanders visualize mission accomplishment and value all contributions to mission success through the continuous Mission Analysis to NMETLs development process.
NMETLS produce and update aligned expectations and remain adaptable to respond as situations change. Generate “Metrics that Matter!”
Navy Warfare Training Plans (NWTPs) support gaining and sustaining mission capabilities; and identify required resources including ranges, simulators, etc.
Commands verify training results and mission progress in the Execution phase and data collection process by measuring performance against NMET standards. Better NMET execution means better readiness and mission success.
Commanders validate their chosen COA through the assessment process. New systems solutions must raise NMET performance!
NWTS is applicable across all domains and at any level- You won’t have to learn a new system or process when you cross domains! 40

41. Summary UJTL provides framework and Task library
Includes sample measures for each task
Conditions library to describe the environment
METL framework is same as used in Capabilities
“Do this task… under theses conditions… to this standard”
METLs state mission requirements- on which all other “requirements” depend.
JTS process is applicable across the planning, training, education, development, and operating domains.
The major output of JTS is “Mission Ready Forces and Personnel.”
Transformation focused on changing the way we think, fight, approach warfare: The “character and conduct”--- not its “Nature.”
“METLS” are the way we articulate and align Mission/ Capability Requirements IAW universal framework and language.
Transformation riding on the JTS process: 4 phased “CIP” engine- fueled by Lessons Learned.
Mission Analysis includes METLs and CONOPs development as well as casting future DOTMLPF systems (a.k.a. “capabilities”).

42. References Universal Joint Task List (UJTL) CJCSM 3500.04 series
On “JDEIS” Site
Joint Training Manual (JTM)
CJCSM series
Defense Readiness Reporting System (DRRS)
DODD series
Capabilities Portfolio Management
DODD series