1. Runoff Overview
Tom Hopson

2. Basic runoff processes

3. Role in Flood Prediction Process

4. General Soil Water Processes

5. General Runoff Terms

6. Surface Runoff

7. Infiltration Excess Overland Flow

8. Saturation Excess Overland Flow

9. Interflow

10. Transmissivity Feedback

11. Soil-Bedrock Interface

12. Groundwater Ridging

13. Pre-Event Water

14. Contributing Area and Runoff Volume

15. Basin Size and Runoff Timing

16. Basin Shape

17. Stream Meanders

18. Basin Slope

19. Soil Properties

20. In Depth: Soil Formation Processes

21. Soil Texture Classification

22. Soil Composition

23. Soil Profile

26. Surface Properties

27. Runoff Modeling Concepts
-lumped
-semi-distributed
-distributes

28. Complex Hydrologic Models
For forecast applications,
adding complexity not always warranted:
-limited observations to constrain parameters
-run the risk of over-calibration

29. Lumped Modeling
Semi-Distributed Modeling

30. Distributed Modeling
-Don’t precisely capture watershed due to discretization
-better capture forcing spatial variability and response

31. Distributed modeling methods allow modeling of smaller and smaller basins. They also allow computation of more realistic runoff within a basin. Flash flood forecasts, for example, have improved with the implementation of distributed models.
Distributed models do however require more complex and more high-resolution data, introducing more uncertainty.